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Will- Gathered research for swiss art + sketched up layout for swiss design section.

Callum- Gathered research for bauhaus and mocked up presentation digitally on adobe experience design.

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Callum & William Contextual Presentation

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Bauhaus vs Swiss Design Contextual Presentation.

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Compare: How are they ALIKE?
The Bauhaus and Swiss Design have very similar aspects in their layouts and motifs. They both use complete use of the grid and implement minimalistic designs with geometric shapes. The utilization of tilted information is apparent in both styles, as with the use of simple fonts. The color pallet for both styles are more or less the same.
Contrast: How are they DIFFERENT?
The Bauhaus and Swiss Design have different ways of utilizing information and have distinct artistic elements. The Bauhaus style is more or less the same with the same tilted information and geometric shapes, while the Swiss style may vary in how it may want to display its information. The Swiss style uses the element of photography a lot more and a lot better than Bauhaus does. The fonts both styles used were very different as well, with Bauhaus using a wider array of fonts in its design, while Swiss Style uses strictly Helvetica. The use of transparency is also a lot more apparent in Swiss style than to Bauhaus. Bauhaus has roots with architecture, making the style more than just graphic design. One of the biggest differences I’ve found from both styles is that Swiss design can be better used to create a corporate identity more internationally because of it’s supreme minimalism, abstractness, and legibility. Bauhaus design can also be used to create a corporate identity, but it’s design layout serves a better purpose for posters.

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Three different architect-directors: Walter Gropius from 1919 to 1928, Hannes Meyer from 1928 to 1930 and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe from 1930 until 1933, when the school was closed by its own leadership under pressure from the Nazi regime.

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Gropius, and many other artists and teachers, both Laszlo Moholy-Nagy and Herbert Bayer made significant contributions to the development of graphic design. Among its many contributions to the development of design, the Bauhaus taught typography as part of its curriculum and was instrumental in the development of sans-serif typography, which they favored for its simplified geometric forms and as an alternative to the heavily ornate German standard of blackletter typography.

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The school existed in three German cities 

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The school existed in three German cities 

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Weimar 1919 to 1925
The building was erected in two construction phases in 1904 and 1910–1911 by Henry van de Velde as the premises of the Grand-Ducal Academy of Art of Saxony. Along with the ‘Winkelbau’, completed in 1905–1906, which originally housed the Grand-Ducal College of Applied Arts, headed by van de Velde, the building passed to the Bauhaus in 1919. Today the main building of the Bauhaus University of Weimar.

Dessau 1925 to 1932
Walter Gropius, founder of the Bauhaus in 1919 designed the building on behalf of the city of Dessau. The complex Bauhaus program and campus, combining student  living areas with learning areas and with faculty houses

Berlin 1932 to 1933
Mies rented a derelict factory in Berlin to use as the new Bauhaus with his own money. The students and faculty rehabilitated the building, painting the interior white. The school operated for ten months without further interference from the Nazi Party. In 1933, the Gestapo closed down the Berlin school.

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This swiss movement was inspired by the bauhaus movement, but also rose from the ideals of the constructivists and modernists during the 1920’s, with the principle that form should follow function! As a result of this a lot of the Swiss Design work is very minimal focusing all of its efforts on the typography, layout, content and structural elements of the design.

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Bauhaus and swiss art, shared the same idea, of art being simple and bold!

Swiss Design emerged in places like Russia, Germany and the Netherlands around the same time as Bauhaus in the 1920's, however it wasn't really made famous until swiss artists developed the style more during the 1950's. Which is why it is known as the swiss style!

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Helvetica’s characters always have vertical or horizontal terminations on their strokes, never diagonal.

Helvetica is as much about the negative space surrounding the letters than about the lines that make up the characters themselves.

The negative space contained within the lowercase “a” closely resembles a teardrop.

It has monotone stroke weights.

It remains legible when in motion, one reason it’s popular for signage and automaker and airline logos.

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Helvetica font was designed in 1957 by Max Miedinger and Eduard Hoffman in Switzerland at the Haas type foundry. It was originally designed to be a totally neutral text with no connotations or meanings attached to it as they believed that the font itself should give no meaning. The font was originally called Die Neue Haas Grotesk as technically its a sans serif grotesque typeface, which was based on the 1898 font Akzidenz-Grotesk- so thats where it inherited its name from. However in 1960 the marketing director at Stempel (which controlled the Haas type foundry) wanted to open the typeface up to the international market so the name was changed to Helvetica- to make it more marketable.

Its popularity came from being designed in post war Europe as most companies wanted to break away from the old decorative fonts that covered most corporate advertisement. The clean, sharp and modern aesthetics of the Helvetica typeface became very appealing to lots of companies as it gave them the opportunity to break away from this image and the history associated with it. Setting them apart from the competition!

With lots of corporation adopting this typeface, it has now become a very industrial looking font which is immediately is associated with business.

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The swiss style is very distinctive and lots of people will have come into contact with some form of graphic artwork created by the Swiss. It is a very famous style not only in Switzerland itself, but around the world and became a very big art movement/ style that still looks sleek and modern even today.

The style became famous through the work of highly sort after Swiss designers such as Karl Gerstner, Emil Ruder and Armin Hofmann and others. Which brought this artistic style into the public eye. This style was then adopted by Russia, Germany and the Netherlands, then soon after the rest of the world.

This was a movement, which rose from the ideals of constructivists and modernists during the 1920’s, with the principle that form should follow function! As a result of this a lot of the Swiss Design work is very minimal focusing all of its efforts on the typography, layout, content and structural elements of the design. Which is a style I have always really admired and loved to use in my on work, because I just feel that people are drawn to it because of its bold and unapologetic look- even if they don’t always aesthetically prefer it.

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http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/modern-art-movements.htm#degenerate

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http://www.creativebloq.com/graphic-design/easy-guide-design-movements-modernism-10134971

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Degenerate Art promoted paintings and sculptures that were traditional in manner and that exalted the "blood and soil" values of racial purity, militarism, and obedience. "modern art" had no place in Nazi Germany.

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http://www.theartstory.org/movement-constructivism.htm

`constructivism is a good one to look at. Kind of like bauhaus

Links to cubism and Futurism

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https://visualartsdepartment.wordpress.com/modernism/

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Artistic movements condemned as degenerate

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Artistic movements condemned as degenerate

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•   Bauhaus

•   Cubism

•   Dada

•   Expressionism

•   Fauvism

•   Impressionism

•   New Objectivity

•   Surrealism

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degenerate art - Hitler and the nazi party banned modern art as they deemed it un german

So maybe the link could be Germany with things like bauhaus as that was also shut down by hitler.

Modern art has links with bauhaus and cubism.

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bauhaus