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Mycobacterium leprae is an acid-fast bacillus that causes leprosy also known as Hansen's disease.

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Mycobacterium leprae is an acid-fast bacillus that causes leprosy also known as Hansen's disease.

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Effects of contracting this disease can be damage to the peripheral nerves, skin, eyes, and the nasal mucosa. Due to the nerves being attacked and swelling, a loss of sensation can occur.

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Effects of contracting this disease can be damage to the peripheral nerves, skin, eyes, and the nasal mucosa. Due to the nerves being attacked and swelling, a loss of sensation can occur.

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Affected skin can lighten in color, darken in color, have an inflamed response, dry, flake, and lose feeling.

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Affected skin can lighten in color, darken in color, have an inflamed response, dry, flake, and lose feeling.

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The route of transmission for mycobacterium leprae is unknown, but is theorized to be transmitted by droplets containing the bacteria. Also, a prolonged encounter spanning several months with someone infected by the bacteria can cause an infection. Casual encounters and contact with an infected person such as shaking hands or hugging does not lead to infection.

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The route of transmission for mycobacterium leprae is unknown, but is theorized to be transmitted by droplets containing the bacteria. Also, a prolonged encounter spanning several months with someone infected by the bacteria can cause an infection. Casual encounters and contact with an infected person such as shaking hands or hugging does not lead to infection.

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Armadillos in the southern portion of the United States are naturally infected, and are thought to possibly spread leprosy.

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Armadillos in the southern portion of the United States are naturally infected, and are thought to possibly spread leprosy.

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Recent 2021 cases of Chimpanzees with leprosy have been found in Guinea-Bissau and the Ivory Coast in Africa.

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Recent 2021 cases of Chimpanzees with leprosy have been found in Guinea-Bissau and the Ivory Coast in Africa.

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Risk for leprosy is low due to 95% of the human population having developed natural immunity. The only population at risk are those living in a country where the disease is prevalent. Those who are infected are not able to spread the Mycobacterium leprae once they have started treatments.

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Risk for leprosy is low due to 95% of the human population having developed natural immunity. The only population at risk are those living in a country where the disease is prevalent. Those who are infected are not able to spread the Mycobacterium leprae once they have started treatments.

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Symptoms of leprosy include Discoloration of skin, dry skin, stiff skin, ulcers on foot sole, swelling of the infected area, loss of eyebrows, loss of eyelashes, numbness of infected area, and nosebleeds.

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Symptoms of leprosy include Discoloration of skin, dry skin, stiff skin, ulcers on foot sole, swelling of the infected area, loss of eyebrows, loss of eyelashes, numbness of infected area, and nosebleeds.

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Treatments can span from one to two years. To treat this disease a combination of 2 or 3 antibiotics are used. The use of multiple drugs in a treatment is known as multidrug therapy. Multidrug therapy is used to prevent the resistance to the antibiotics being used. 

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Treatments can span from one to two years. To treat this disease a combination of 2 or 3 antibiotics are used. The use of multiple drugs in a treatment is known as multidrug therapy. Multidrug therapy is used to prevent the resistance to the antibiotics being used. 

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Even though the antibiotic treatment for this disease is very effective in killing Mycobacterium leprae, once infection has caused nerve damage and disfiguration the physical damage is not reversible.

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Even though the antibiotic treatment for this disease is very effective in killing Mycobacterium leprae, once infection has caused nerve damage and disfiguration the physical damage is not reversible.

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Due to signs and symptoms taking as long as 20 years to show, early diagnoses and treatment for those who have had extensive encounters with someone infected or live in prevalent areas of Mycobacterium leprae causing leprosy is recommended for prevention.

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Due to signs and symptoms taking as long as 20 years to show, early diagnoses and treatment for those who have had extensive encounters with someone infected or live in prevalent areas of Mycobacterium leprae causing leprosy is recommended for prevention.