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Two terms have been proposed: sex, for the definition of biological qualities that mark the differences between men and women and gender, which indicate socio-cultural traits.

Various concepts and guidelines can be mentioned showing the presence or absence of significant differences between genres, using  various parameters: biological - resulting from the constitutional-somatic organization; psychological - at level of reasons, interests, skills; social format under the impact of the cultural - normative influences etc.

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The content of gender identity is considered to be in addition to the biological factor influenced by the nature of socialization: how to shape and learn by imitating and internalizing the system of social norms, whose content provides for penalties and gratings for non-acceptance or compliance; of the game and toys that develop the ability to fit roles; of the assimilation of information supplied by various sources. The content of social situations in which people are mentioned more frequently according to their social background is also different.

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Gender inequalities are most pronounced in the domain of power (37.5 points), time (50.3 points) and knowledge (51.5). Romania's highest score is in the domain of health (71.2 points), but this is the lowest score in the whole EU.

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Equal opportunities represent a general principle whose essential aspects, in accordance with Articles 12 and 141 of the Treaty establishing the European Community, were the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality and equal pay for men and women. It was envisaged that this principle should be applied in all areas, particularly in the economic, social, cultural and family areas.

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1) individual mobility – the abandonment of the low-social group and accession by joining another group, which can only be made possible through personal efforts and abilities;

2) social creativity – a strategy based on the revision of the criteria for comparison with the out-group or the choice of another category as a comparison entity, which presents more negative characteristics and offers the possibility of changing the negative assessment to another positive one;

3) social competition – establishing positive differences in the competition with higher-ranking members of the out-group and gaining a more advanced place in the social hierarchy.

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Self-awareness, self-evaluation and personality expression become a theme of major interest in the so-called “naive psychology”. Starting with the earliest age, the human being is preoccupied with its essence, its image, its capacities: “Who am I?/ How can I behave?/ What appreciation can my conduct bring me from the people around me?/ How to introduce myself, in order to be positively evaluated and accepted by the ones around me?”. With these and other questions we face every day, testing the responses in front of two "mirrors": one that is internal, with our own thoughts and knowledge, and another that is external, social, which reflects our image in the light of generally accepted values and standards of models collectively developed and shared, for the purpose of an harmonious existence.

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* gender identity
* equal opportunities
* individual mobility
* social identification
* social competition
* social creativity

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1.     How did gender identity evolve under changing social roles?

2.     What is the image of the gender identity in today’s society?

3.     How can social identification affect the gender identity?

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The aim of this research is to underline the importance of respecting the human rights, in order to cohabitate in an harmonious way. It means the citizens of the European Union should understand, that the motto of the Union, “united in diversity” is not just a saying, but a way of life. Like the other symbols, the motto clearly highlights the sense of European identity that is the birthright of every citizen of the Union, over and above the actual European Union.

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Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) 

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Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) 

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The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) prohibits discrimination on grounds of identity (especially on gender identity) and it also enables the Council to take appropriate action to combat discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation. The mentioned Treaty establishes that protection against discrimination is a fundamental right of EU citizenship.

Discrimination means any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference on the basis of the criteria laid down by the legislation in force. The criteria are race, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, social category, convictions, sex, sexual orientation, age, disability, chronic non-contagious disease, HIV infection, membership of a disadvantaged category and any other criterion having the purpose or effect of restricting, removing the recognition, use or exercise, on an equal basis, of human rights and fundamental freedoms or the rights recognized by law, in the political, economic field, social and cultural or in any other area of public life.