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''Lavoro'' è un termine che sentiamo ogni giorno, ma quanto è importante?
Per capirlo, basta sapere che è alla base della nostra Costituzione: è nominato negli articoli 1, 3, 4, 35 e 38, che sanciscono come esso sia un diritto che necessita di essere equo per tutti, indipendentemente da sesso, razza, lingua, religione, opinioni politiche, condizioni personali e sociali.

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Proprio a causa di quanto il lavoro sia importante, anche in questo periodo di difficoltà causato dal coronavirus, è necessario continuare a favorire produttività ed economia. Per questo, in seguito al Decreto del 1° marzo 2020, si è intervenuti per attuare lo smart working, "lavoro agile". Viene definito come un accordo tra dipendente e datore che permetta di conciliare i tempi di vita e lavoro senza vincoli orari e con un organizzazione per fasi, cicli e obiettivi (Legge n. 81/2017).
Per alcuni, come per il soggetto dell'intervista riportata, lo smart working è più produttivo. Per altri, al contrario, può portare più distrazione e difficoltà.

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Work is that important also because it is one of the goals of the ones that have to be reached before 2030. They are a call to action to end poverty, help the planet and ensure peace and prosperity.
They are seventeen and touch all the planet.
For more informations about them, take a look at the attached link.

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To end poverty in all its forms, by targeting the most vulnerable, increasing resources and services and supporting communities affected by conflicts or climate-related disasters.

736 million people live in extreme poverty, which is the 10% of the popolation and the 80% of them lives in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Agriculture, forestry and fisheries can provide notritous food for everyone, but now soils, freshwater, oceans, forests and biodiversity are being damaged by climate changes.

The 12.9% of African population is undernourished and if women had the same access to resources as men the number of hungry in the world could be reduced by 150 million.

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This will help to have a sustainable development by focusing on health systems, sanitation and hygiene and more ways to reduce pollution.

More than 5000 children die before their fifth birthday, and most of them are born into poverty. Moreover, 77.3 million of people have become infected of HIV and 6.2 million of people died because of malaria.

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Everyone needs to have access to inclusive education.

57 million of primary age children in developing countries are out of school and 617 million of teenagers lack basic mathematics and literacy skills because of teaching methods.

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Women and girls continue to suffer discrimination and violence. Women have to have the same opportunities as men, so an equal access to education, health care, work and representation in politics.

750 million of girls are married before the age of 18 and 49 countries don't have laws that protect women from domestic violence. One in five women between 15 and 49 years have experienced phsycal and sexual violence. Only the 52% of married women can take their own decisions.

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Millions of people die every year because of diseases associated with inadequate water supply, sanitation and hygiene, which has also impact on food and agriculure.

At least 892 million of people continue to practice open defecation. Water scarsity affects the 40% of the population and over 1.7 billion of people live in river basins where water use exeeds to recharge.

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Modern energies improve pollution, still lots of people do not have access to clean-cooking solutions and so everyone needs to have access to clean fuel and technology, while more progress in renwable energies is needed.

3 billion of people still rely on wood, charcoal, coal or animal waste for cooking and heating and the 13% of population lacks to access to modern technologies.

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Having a job nowadays does not guarantee the ability to escape from poverty, slowing down the progress.

Men earn 12.5% more than women and 470 million jobs are needed before 2030.

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9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructures.

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9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructures.

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Technological progress is the key to achieve a sustainable development, such as increased resourches and energy-efficiency. If this does not happen, industialization won't either and so development. There needs to be more Investments in high-tech products.

The 16% of the global popolation does not have access to networks.

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As you can see from all this pictures, this goals focus mostly on the developing countries. That's because large disparities still persist and regard access to health and education. Economic growth is not enough to reduce poverty if it is not inclusive.

People with disabilities are five times more likely to incur catastrophic health expendituresand women in rural areas are three times more likely to die while giving birth. 16,000 children die each day from preventable diseases.

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12. Responsible Consumption and Production.

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12. Responsible Consumption and Production.

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This means promoting resources and energy efficiency, so the aim is to do more with less.

If the population reaches 9.6 billion before 2050, as is thought, almost three planets could be required to provide the resources needed for our actual lifestyle.

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Cities enable people to advance socially and economically. That's why it is important to have an equal urbanization where all the cities can provide basic services, energy, housing and trasportation.

The 95% of urban expansion in the next decades will take place in developing countries, where 883 million of people still live in slums.

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Climate change is affecting all the planet, disrupting national economies and affecting lives. Sea levels are increasing, weather events are becoming extreme ans greenhouse gas emission are at their highest levels in history. We have to act now.

Temperatures are expected to increase og 1.85°C if we manage to live like we do now.

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The world's oceans drive global systems that make Earth habitable for humankind. Marine protected areas need to be managed and well-resourced, so overfishing, marine pollution and ocean acidification need to be reduced.

Oceans cover three quarters of Earth's surface and absorb the 30% of the CO2 produced by humans.

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To reach these goals is fundamental that all the governaments agree and help to achieve them.

The 79% of imports from developing countries enter the developed ones duty free.

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16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions.

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16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions.

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These are important to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development.

Among the institutions the most affected by corruption are judiciary and police.

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Forests are the key to combact climate change, protect biodiversity and homes of indigenous people.

1.6 billion people depend on forests, and they are also home to more than the 80% of all the terrestrial species of animals.

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Dunque, tutti gli aspetti dell'agenda 2030 toccano il lavoro, in particolare il numero 8. Per raggiungere quest'obiettivo è però indispensabile ridurre la disoccupazione, soprattutto quella giovanile. In Italia il tasso di disoccupazione è però del 9.7%, quasi costante dal 2012.
Non solo è indispensabile un lavoro, è anche importante che esso sia dignitoso: se tutti i lavori lo fossero, incrementeremmo lo sviluppo in modo più veloce, migliorando la società e soddisfacendo il desiderio della maggior parte delle persone.

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Un lavoro, per essere definito "dignitoso", implica la soddisfazione professionale e dei ritmi lavorativi accessibili e adatti. Esso quindi porta a migliori prospettive per lo sviluppo personale e sociale, ma richiede un trattamento equale tra tutti, indipendentemente da sesso, etnia o religione.

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In seguito, è riportata un'intervista sulle modalità di lavoro agile impiegate a causa del coronavirus ad Ewa, 29 anni, Varsavia.

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What are the main differences between your job before and now?

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What are the main differences between your job before and now?

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I use my phone more time to talk with people. Even if I work at home, sometimes I spend more time because I'm more focused and less distracted by chatting with collegues, taking a coffee or having lunch with other people. Surely often I miss some comforts of the office, like two big monitors or a more confortable chair. But there are also pros, for example starting to work at 9 a.m. I can get up even at 8.50 a.m., because I don't need to take the underground.

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- I work in the marketing sector as a Brand Manager for the brand Heineken. I am in charge of all the promotional and visual parts, but also of the competitions for consumers.

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Are you doing smart working nowadays because of CoViD-19?

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Are you doing smart working nowadays because of CoViD-19?

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-Yes, I am. All the meetings and the conferences have been moved online, we use different programmes to do presentations, no matter how many people we are. Before CoViD-19 we did everything in the same place and in a direct way.

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Do you think that your work is however efficient?

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Do you think that your work is however efficient?

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Surely yes. I can do more in less time and if I need a longer break I can end my assignement in the afternoon without any problem.

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Which way of work do you prefer and why?

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Which way of work do you prefer and why?

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I prefer working in my office because having a discussion face-to-face is however different from having it by phone, and it is Always useful to have collegues to ask for something or to analize together an assignement. Moreover I can also have fun with them by chatting and working in office helps you to separate personal and working life.