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PoMo is the general term that applies to literature, art, philosophy, architecture, fiction and literary criticism

Existing as a recognition that reality is not simply mirrored in human understanding, but rather constructed as the mind tries to understand its own personal identity and its reality

Pomo is mostly a reaction to the assumed certainty of scientific, or objective, efforts to explain reality

Its way of understanding something related to PoMo is that interpretation is everything, reality only comes through our interpretations of what the world means to us individually, relying on one’s experiences’ outcome will be fallible and relative, rather than certain and universal

The “Post” in postmodernism denies the existence of any ultimate principles, and lacks the optimism of being scientific, philosophical or religious that explains everything for the audience to understand

It’s paradox is to place all principles under the scrutiny of its scepticism, understanding that even its own principles are not beyond questioning

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Postmodernism is an aesthetic and philosophical movement which rose to prominence in the second half of the 20th century

It is hard to define because it is a set of very loosely connected movements and positions in art, architecture, literature, politics and philosophy

Postmodernism is not a single position, but can be applied to several different forms of art or aesthetics

Postmodernism is generally a descriptive claim about the way the world is, not the way it should be, so simply because you don’t like the conclusions of a given postmodern position, does not mean it is wrong

The key question involved in postmodernism is whether there is only one right way to do things, and whether we can judge a final product objectively using rules – postmodernists are sceptical

For the modernist, there is only one way to do things, while the postmodernist believes that experience is pluralistic and there are many ways to do something

Modernists think that all tasks are straightforward, while postmodernists believe in endless possibilities

Postmodernism is the rejection of “metanarratives”, which are broad stories that contextualise many smaller stories, such as socialism or Nazism

For the postmodernist, there is no way to test a metanarrative and it cannot be proven

Postmodernists believe that we think art is beautiful because it suits a particular context or culture and we can draw conclusions from this

Aspects of post modernism are compared with modernist conceptions and contrasted with them.

Postmodernism, while a very broad topic doesn't have as much meaning unless it is applied to the specific individual movements that happen within specific disciplines that are called postmodern.

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Themes over multiple movements within postmodernism:

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Themes over multiple movements within postmodernism:

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Marries classical styles with modern styles

Form is central function is less important

The process of creating the product is primary

Post-modernist works are culturally situated, something that is beautiful in one context might be ugly in another

Complexity is important, multiple layers, multiple access points

Many artists visions and pieces of art often created collectively as opposed to one single individual person

Multiple possibilities of interpretations of art

Claims of beauty and truth are more subjective

Postmodernists are sceptical about the metanarratives

Postmodernism is about individualism and the allowance that there doesn’t need to be a single set of rules that all works of art follow

Crossover of multiple mediums of art

Art represents itself; it is self-referential and includes pastiche and parody of other artistic works

Postmodernism art is about connecting to art that has gone before, creating cultural references, and referencing earlier ideas and concepts

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Social, political, artistic and cultural practices after Modernism

According to theorists, the era is describes as a hectic era of simulations, recycling, capitalism and mass production, and consumerism and cannot be seen as a movement but rather a condition of the current window in time

Employs concepts such as difference, repetition, trace, the simulacrum and hyperreality to destabilise other concepts such as presence, identity, historical progress and the univocity of meaning

Constant and continuous simulation of reality or hyper-realities that also dominate our culture

Post Modernisms endeavours to categorise the term inclusive of its fluidity

Shifts in various areas of culture and society such as architecture, the arts, social and political features, media and the entertainment industry

Fragments of previous genres are combines with irony and pastiche to create the Postmodern

Simulacra has become a significant aspect of postmodern society

In Postmodern theatre, the participation of the audience is crucial and welcomed to allow participants to re-evaluate the connection between art and reality

Postmodernism art is complex and eclectic, taking different genres of artistic technique and juxtaposing it (can be described as kitsch or ironic)

Postmodern art uses pastiche and parody to comment on the original piece of art that is represents

Literature has also come under the scrutiny of postmodern thought as it combined elements of previous genres and styles of literature to create a new narrative voice

Postmodernity is focused on the small histories of society