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Disaccharides are formed when 2 monosaccharides undergo a condensation reaction.

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Carbohydrates provide energy and regulates blood glucose.
Dietary fiber.
Spare proteins and fats for other uses.
Store energy.

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Monosaccharides are simple sugars which cannot be broken down further. They are made up of carbons, hydrogens and oxygen atoms.

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- Carbohydrates have 17Kj or 4 calories of energy per g of carbohydrate
- For example a single slice of white bread contains 13g of carbohydrates, therefore has 221Kj or 52 calories of energy.
- A donut contains 51g of Carbohydrates, therefore has 867Kj or 204 calories

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One of the biggest pieces of misinformation now a days is that carbohydrates are bad for you and make you fat.

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Carbohydrates should take up 40-60% of total energy intake. This translates to 220-320 grams of carbohydrates per day.