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Research Sites:

"Your Digestive System and How It Works." Your Digestive System and How It Works. 18 Sept. 2013. Web. 15 Jan. 2015. <http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Anatomy/your-digestive-system/Pages/anatomy.aspx>.

"Diseases & Conditions." Cleveland Clinic. 27 Aug. 2013. Web. 15 Jan. 2015. <http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_The_Structure_and_Function_of_the_Digestive_System>.

"Human Digestive System - EnchantedLearning.com." Human Digestive System - EnchantedLearning.com. Web. 15 Jan. 2015. <http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/anatomy/digestive/>.

"Human Body Digestive System Organs, How It Works, and More." WebMD. WebMD. Web. 15 Jan. 2015. <http://www.webmd.com/heartburn-gerd/your-digestive-system>.

"Digestive System." InnerBody. Tim Taylor. Web. 15 Jan. 2015. <http://www.innerbody.com/image/digeov.html>.

Picture Sites:

http://trachea.stanford.edu/images/teeth%20diagram.gif

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/digestivesystem.png

http://leavingbio.net/human%20nutrition/Human%20Nutrition_files/image008.jpg

http://www.sts.org/sites/default/files/graphics/patientinfo/colorstomach-esophagus.jpg

http://www.highlands.edu/academics/divisions/scipe/biology/faculty/harnden/2122/images/stomachinternal.jpg

http://biochemreview.weebly.com/uploads/1/0/4/0/10409756/9290627_orig.gif

http://www.daviddarling.info/images/small_intestine.jpg

http://www.organsofthebody.com/images/small-intestine.jpg

http://s1.hubimg.com/u/7050780_f260.jpg

http://urbangreengirl.files.wordpress.com/2009/07/liver_diagram.gif

http://tcmdiscovery.com/BasicTheoryofTCM/UploadPic/2013-5/20135285444667583.jpg

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After the digestion and the absorption process takes place, for a period of time the waste product is stored in the rectum, which starts from the end of the large intestine. The sigmoid colon comes after, then the food is released from the anus with the help of mucous. This whole digestion continues all over again from the food which is swallowed from the mouth once the ejection of the waste products through the anus.

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As soon as the food has arrived at the Large Intestine the Chemical digestions is completed. Colon is where the water absorption takes place, colon is the big section of the large intestine. Water also absorbed some inorganic salt, minerals and vitamins. The stomach does not absorb the whole section of the water, it takes in some of it leaving in a few vitamins, and a bit of the medicine. E. coli and other waste materials that produces Vitamins K and B are housed by the large intestine. Cellulose reaches the Large Intestine undigested, Cellulose provides bulk which is very important function in our body even though it cannot be broken down. In the large intestine, when the wastes are formed, in the wall of the intestine the receptors supply data to the central nervous system where it incites a bowel movement in turn. A bowel movement makes sure that the potentially toxic waste is removed from your body. Some people who do not eat much of cellulose have decreased bowel movement leading the waste and toxin to stay in the body for a while time. Cancer of the Colon said by scientist may be related to diet. Cancer or colon are most highly to be developed to people who eats process and extremely refined food. 'Fibre may also reduce cholesterol' stated by the Medical Reports have been held tight by many food manufacturers. Bran, a form of roughage, in lowering cholesterol can be questioned, its value in giving a balanced diet is definite. Large intestine and the stomach do absorb some water and vitamins but also the Small Intestine absorbs them as well. Villi is a finger – like projection which extends to the small intestine the rises the surface area of the small intestine. Villi account for a tenfold raise is implied by one estimate in surface area for absorption. Microvilli are finger like projections that face outward which makeup the lining for villi, they are threadlike structures that extends to the membrane that increases the surface of absorption. Small vessels like lacteals give the products of fat digestion entry to the circulatory system it is supplied with capillary network in each villus that intertwines with lymph vessels that transport materials. Nutrients are either absorbed by diffusion or transported actively from the digestive tract. Fats are absorbed into the Lacteal while carbohydrates and amino acid are absorbed into the capillary networks.

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Liver produces a fluid called bile. Bile is consumed with bile salt which speeds up the fat digestion, bile is concentrated in the gallbladder when the stomach is empty. Hormone Cholecystokinin (CCK) is released when fats are in the small intestine, this is then carried by the blood to the gall bladder, bile salt then gets released by the trigger of the CCK. The bile salt he gets mixed and forms into fat globules, then on the fat globules breaks down into smaller droplets is physical digestion because the chemical bonds are not broken down. The fat is prepared by the physical digestion for the chemical digestion by exposing the area on which fat digesting enzyme also like pancreatic lipase which can work. Cholesterol plays an important role in the bile of binding agents for salt crystal. Then these crystals create larger crystal called the gall-stone by precipitate. Pain, and damaging fat digestion can be caused by gall-stone since it can blocks the bile duct. The red blood cells break the liver down into hemoglobin and the products get stored in the gall bladder for removal. The feces has a brown colour by the hemoglobin breakdown. Jaundice is a yellow stain of the skin and tissues by the collective bile pigments in the red blood cells. If any damage to the bile duct or a lot of red blood cells can stain the skin and tissue yellow by jaundice. The liver can detoxify meaning remove the poisoned areas in many substances of the body. Alcohol can destroy the liver when drinking in large amounts. When liver is able to function properly the connective tissue and fat helps out with normal functions of the liver. This can cause the liver to have cirrhosis which is a chronic inflammation tissue but in increase of non-functioning fibrous tissues.

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The small intestine has a narrow diameter, where most of the food go.  The small intestine is about 7m long and 2.5cm in diameter, while the large intestine is 1.5m long and 7.6cm diameter. Most of the digestive system occurs in the duodenum is the first section of the small intestine where the most digestion occurs in first 25 – 30 cm. Jejunum, and ileum are the second and third component of the small intestine, there sections have different shape cells. Half of the digested food is soaked with HCI and pepsin before reaching the small intestine. Prosecretin is a type of chemical in which it is converted to sectrin when the acid enters the small intestine, which then it gets carried to the pancreas by the blood stream. When reaching there it signals to real a type of fluid containing bicarbonate ions (HCO⁻3) that is carried to the small intestine. Once it is at the small intestine the HCI converts into gastric fluid, also the pH goes from 2.0 to 9.0. The pH then inactivate the pepsin. The intestine is protected by the stomach acids from the release of sectrin. The three major components of food are proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids in these categories a pancreatic secretion composed with enzymes promotes the breakdown.  Trypsinogen is a protein-digesting enzyme is released from the pancreas. Once it reaches the small intestine the enzyme called enterokinase converts the Trypsinogen into a trypsin, this also acts on the partially digested protein.  Erepsin is a second group of enzyme that is released from the pancreas and the small intestine. The bond gets broken between the short chain peptides releasing individual amino acids, completing the protein digestion. The digestion of carbohydrate which begun in the mouth is continued by the pancreas releasing amylase enzymes. Disaccharide gets formed by the middle size chains getting broken down. Disaccharidases is release from the small intestine which finished of the digestion of the carbohydrates. Pancreas releases enzymes to break down the lipid, they are called lipases. Pancreatic lipids breaks down the fast into fatty acids and glycerol, while the other type of enzyme acts on phospholipids, this enzyme is called phospholipase.

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HCI and Pepsin is exposed to the cell membrane only when the protective mucus lining of the stomach breaks down. Peptic ulcer is led by the destruction of the membrane. An acid secretion and increase of blood flow is formed when the acids irritate the cells of the stomach lining, this continues in a cycle burning the tissue and leading the allergic reaction to get stronger. Heliobacter pylori (H. Pylori) occurs when a bacterium is detected in the ulcer. Ulcer maybe developed by Diet, and stress but now a harmful microbe produces the ulcer. Stomach ulcers damage the tissues, which can be removed by a laser beam.

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Stomach is a type of food storage, Sphincter is a circular muscles which helps move the food from the esophagus to the stomach. “They act like a drawstring on a bag”. Cardiac Sphincter contraction closes the opening of stomach which is near to the heart, this relaxation lets food to enter. Pyloric Sphincter controls the movement of the food and the stomach acids to the small intestine. The stomach can expand till 1.5L of food is filled, by the numerous of ridges on the J-Shaped Stomach. Gastric Acid, or Gastric fluid which aid the digestion are secreted by the several of cells lined across the stomach. When we take in a large meal about 500 mL of the fluid is produced. Mucus is included in the Gastric Fluid also hydrochloric acid (HCI), and pepsinogens. Mucus gives a protective coating, hydrochloric acid kills the harmful bacteria, and pepsin is a protein digesting enzyme. The hydrochloric pepsinogens in to an active form. Polypeptides are shorter chains where pepsin breaks the long amino acid chains in proteins. “A layer of alkaline mucus protects the stomach lining from being digested”.

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The Esophagus is a tube like structure where the food is traveled from the mouth to the stomach. The bolus of food where the Saliva Amylase helps moisture goes through the esophagus stretching the walls leading it to set up a rhythmic wavelike contraction called peristalsis, involved in loving the food along the gastrointestinal tract. There at three phases that occurs in the esophagus, the first one is when the contraction of smooth muscles occur, and the second phase is where smooth muscle is stretched, while the final third one is when the bolus is swallowed officially down. Egestion the last phase is the only occurrence where the food actually gets swallowed down. Even you are standing upside down on your head the peristaltic would bring the food down through the esophagus to the stomach. Heart burn occurs when the acid is runs up the esophagus.

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Saliva is a watery type substance produced by salivary glands. The salivary glandes is composed of Amylase Enzymes which breaks down complex carbohydrates to simple carbohydrates. The food which consume gets liberated through the saliva making it easy for us to swallow. It dissolves the food particles which then makes it easier for us to taste the food we are eating. Teeth is one the main structure in the digestive system. Incisors are the eight chisel-shaped teeth at the front of our mouth, specific for cutting. Afterincisors there two are shaped canine teeth, two at the bottom and two at the top for tearing. Beside the canine Teeth’s comes the flat one which helps in grinding, these teeth are called the Molars, and Premolars. Some flat teeth’s can also be broader with points in shape, helps too crush food. Then at the end of the teeth’s are the Wisdom Teeth’s which are taken out at a specific age, 16 – 20.  The tongue is responsible from the digestion of the teeth. It gives the taste of the food, and pushes back or forwarded when needed.

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Digestive system is the main system in our body in order for us to function. Digestive system the food that we intake to convert into energy and basic nutrients for our body, it releases wastes out of the body so we can stay healthy, and strong with the proper nutrients needed. The digestive has a long path, and huge processes that are great to examine. If we had no digestive system we wouldn't be able to eat, we would lack energy in out body making it hard for us to stay strong. It can ruin the organs if no energy is consumed. Practically we are living to this very day because of our digestive system.