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Aeschylus - Ancient Greek tragedian

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Drama begin with the early Greeks. The Greeks produced these plays commemorate the life and the death of Dionysus

Dionysus was a the son of a god. Zeus, and a mortal, Semele. Dionysus was raised by the nymphs.

The God of wine is also the God of resurrection. Hera in a jealous fit had the titans kill Dionysus as a baby by tearing him limb from limb. Zeus made the Olympians to search for his parts, when they found all his part they put it back together. Dionysus was resurrected.

The Greeks believed the God of the vine and the God vegetation would die in winter and would comeback alive in spring, which they thank Dionysus for the rebirth of vegetation with the celebration of the Festival Dionysus.

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-Pandora was the first human woman
-Created by Hephaestus and Athena on the instructions of Zeus
- Hephaestus got to mold her out of earth and water as part of the punishment of humanity and man
-Pandora then opened a box full of evil without told to do so and released all kinds of evil into the world
-Leaving only hope inside once closed again

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-Titans , also known as elder gods, ruled the earth before Olympians overthrew them.
-Titans fought with Cronus against zeus.
-They were punished by being banished to Tartarus.
-Typhon was the deadliest monster in Greek Mythology. Known as "Father of All Monsters"
-The creation is also called Theogony.

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-The son of Aeson, the rightful king of lulclos
-was famous for being known as "heroic" (Jason)
-famous for his rule as the leader of the Argonauts and quest for the golden fleece
-married to the sorceress Medea

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- The masks used in Greek theatre were extravagant and big, so that anyone, anywhere in the audience could see what was on stage.
- The masks would define and shape the character, changing color and size to have different  meanings.

Along with their masks, the Greeks had intricate costumes.
ONKOS - The elaborate headdress worn by the actors to give them height and authority.
PERSONA - The mask worn by the actors, usually covering their entire face.
CHITON - The robe worn by the actors.
KATHORNI -  Platform shoes worn by the actors.
The main goal of the costume was to make the actors seem grand and large

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-The First borns (Primordials) were the first race of beings that came into existence, before the gods and Titans.
-Men were created by Gods
-Pandora was the first mortal woman created by gods.

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-God of wine
-either brought joy and divine ecstasy or blinding rage
-son of Zeus
-followers of Dionysus worshiped him in the woods
-one of very few characters to bring back a dead person from the underworld
-one of the most important gods of everyday life (wine)
-wasn't merely a god to be worshiped
-also called Bacchus, Dionysus

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PROLOGUE
- expository explanation that describes action for the audience to understand the play
PARODOS
- when the chorus enters while singing and dancing
EPISODE AND STASIMON
- action begins with first episode
- the play usually lasted five episodes
- episodes are separated be choral odes
EXODOS
- the section after the last stasimon
- contains the final action of the play, or the climax

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Prometheus and Epimetheus were both assigned to the job of creating Mankind by the Olympians .Epimetheus was  given the task  of the earth and its various qualities, such as swiftness, cunning, strength, fur, wings. Unfortunately, by the time Prometheus  got to man, Epimetheus  had given all the good qualities out and there were none left for man. So Prometheus decided to make man stand upright just like the gods. Prometheus loved man more that the Olympians.

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-From the start humans have had trouble with the gods. Zeus  became very disappointed in mankind. so then he decided not to give man kind one of the most important tools fire.
he wanted fire to be for only the immortals and not the humans.
Prometheus felt sorry for the humans.Prometheus then stole a lightning bolt from Zeus and gave it to mankind so they can have fire.  Zeus was furious that he gave fire to the humans so as punishment  Zeus  then chained  him to a rock. Zeus made the sun shine brightly so that it can burn his skin. Zeus even sent an eagle to nibble at Prometheus' body. every day  the eagle would come down and eat his liver. later Hercules released him from his chains

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- The chorus had almost every role in the play excluding the dialogue.
- The chorus would set the scene, perform the music throughout the play, explain what happened in between dialogue and events, and close with song.
- It was a tradition to have a sacrifice in the center of the orchestra to honor Dionysus, the most common being the lamb.
- When it came to costumes, the chorus wore chitons and personas, although they were not as elaborate as the actors.

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- FUN FACT! Theatre is used to describe the art, while theater is the building itself.
- The Greek theater has 4 main parts; the theatron, the parados, the orchestra, and the skene.

THE THEATRON
- The theatron is where the rows of seats are. The theater is built on hills, to give a natural shape theater. The seats start at the top, and go in horizontal rows to the bottom, progressively getting smaller.
THE PARADOS
- The parados are the areas on the sides where guests would enter and exit the theatron. the parados were also used by the actors to maneuver the skene.
THE SKENE
- The skene is the area where the actors would perform. It was generally between 2 to 4 feet tall. It had no backdrop, unless the play called for one, because the Greeks would use the natural scenery behind them. When the Romans adapted Greek theatre they added extravagant, multi-layared backdrops.
THE ORCHESTRA
- The orchestra was the area in which the chorus performed. The Greeks had fully round orchestras, but when the Romans adapted the Greek theater they made it a half circle, with the straight edge facing the skene.

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- It was the duty of the townspeople to participate in the theatre, but mainly in the chorus. - Only experienced performers, or citizens with higher social status or power could become actors.
- Actors were highly regarded in the Greek society. So much that they were even excused from military duty.
- Women were not allowed to act, as the society was prominently male. If women attended, they were to sit in the very back rows.
-  The actor's clothes were made to give the a bigger aura, to make them seem larger than life.
- Although they achieved their goal of making the actor seem big, they also lost mobility. This shaped their acting to become broader, using props and masks.

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- Ancient Greek theatre started as religious festivals that included dancing and singing. The festivals were held to honor the Greek god Dionysus.
- Dionysus is the god of wine, merry making, and theatre.
- The first actor was named Thespis, hence the name Thespians, which is what theatrical performers are called.
- The reason he is called the "first actor" is because he was awarded for his outstanding performance of a tragedy in a religious festival in Athens, around 534 B.C.

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When Rhea concealed her 6 child from Cronus, Zeus he was left in mt. Ida in the island of Crete he was raised by nymphs. He wanted his siblings and him to overthrow Cronus so he went and tricked Cronus to throw up his siblings. Zeus and his siblings went to mount Olympus where they got there names the Olympian. They were afraid that Cronus might find them and eat them. They decided that they have to find Cronus and Titans.The Olympians were outnumbered but then some titans  decided to join the Olympians such as the cyclops and the hundred handed giants. The Olympians won after ten years. The Olympian then had to decide who would take rule of each part of the world. Zeus choose the heaven, Poseidon took the seas, and Hades was left with the underworld. Zeus then gave duties to the his sisters Hestia, goddess of the home. Demeter became the goddess of growing things. Zeus married Hera, she became the goddess of marriage and children

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Did they share the same rights as men in their society?

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Did they share the same rights as men in their society?

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>Women didn't have much political and equal rights as men.

>woman had no legal personhood

>woman had little right to property.

> Womens main job was to care for the household and property created
by men.

>Women had no control over marriage or who she wanted to marry. They were given little voice or not at all, in major decisions.

>Women where seen as objects

>Women had to take care of children and do work in the house.

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id, ego and superego
Id:  the women's  needs and wants. The id in Women from Greece is something that was present from birth and that was to take care of the home, children and husband.
Ego:considers social realities and norms, and rules in deciding how to act. Women is ancient Greece live revolved around her husband and his wishes. they start out as the propriety of their fathers and they their husband.
Superego: incorporates the values and morals of society which are learned from one's parents and other. women from a young age women were not allowed to attend school, some had minimum education taught by their brothers and fathers

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men and women didn't share the same rights because it was known that they weren't on the equal terms of power

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men and women didn't share the same rights because it was known that they weren't on the equal terms of power

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they also had very little say in any major decision 

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they also had very little say in any major decision 

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a woman wasn't allowed to decide whom she wanted to marry, whether she loved her spouse or not 

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a woman wasn't allowed to decide whom she wanted to marry, whether she loved her spouse or not 

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-Women in ancient were under control and protected by father, husband, or male relative for there whole life

-Women weren't involve or had a role in politics

-The only public job for a women was a religious priestess.

-The wives watched the slave and managed household responsibilities, like weaving and cooking.

-Women had a separate area of the house where men couldn't be there. Poor women didn't have separate areas.

-Most of the time poor women helped their husband in the market or some other job.

-Women with wealth didn't work.