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Mileva and Rohan's Rube Goldberg machine

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Have a look at the assessment for this unit so you know what you are aiming for.

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Grade 4 Unit 6 Language Arts Summative Assessment 2018-19-1

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If you have finished your plan, you could have a look at some of these videos and see if you can identify where they show Newton's Laws of motion and the different forces involved.

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There are six simple machines that Physicists use to redistribute forces. Rube Goldberg was famous for combining these in creative, complicated, and comical ways to perform a simple task.

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Download this template and fill it in on your device.
Think especially about what materials you can gather at school and what you need to bring from home.

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Your task is to design a Rube Goldberg machine to do a simple job such as drop a piece of rubbish into a bin, while demonstrating  Newton's Laws and different types of forces.
First, read all about Rube Goldberg here;

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Today's Wonder of the Day was inspired by Connor. Connor Wonders, " What is a Rube Goldberg machine? " Thanks for WONDERing with us, Connor!

Have you ever seen a Rube Goldberg in action? If you've watched today's video, then you know what we're talking about.

The self-operating napkin is a famous that sums up what Rube Goldberg machines are all about: creating a (or contraption or invention or device or ) that uses a chain reaction to accomplish a very in a very complicated manner. For example, the self-operating napkin accomplishes the of wiping the chin through this convoluted of events: lifting a soup spoon (A) pulls a string (B) that jerks a ladle (C) that then throws a cracker (D) past a parrot (E). When the parrot jumps for the cracker, its perch (F) tilts and drops seeds (G) into a pail (H). The extra weight in the pail pulls a cord (I) that opens and lights an automatic cigar lighter (J), which sets off a rocket (K) that causes a sickle (L) to cut a string (M) that allows a pendulum with a napkin attached to it to swing back and forth to wipe the chin.

Whew! Did you follow that complicated of events? Why on Earth would someone invent such a complicated to accomplish such a ? To answer that question, we must take a closer look at the man who first dreamed up these contraptions: Rube Goldberg.

Reuben Lucius "Rube" Goldberg was born on July 4, 1883, in San Francisco, California. As a teen, he loved to draw and received some basic art instruction when he worked with a sign painter. Rather than pursue a career in art, though, he followed his father's advice and attended the University of California at Berkeley, where he earned his degree in mining engineering.

Mapping out sewer pipes and water mains in San Francisco didn't hold Rube's interest for long, though. He began creating cartoons for local San Francisco papers before moving to New York, where he eventually landed a job as a cartoonist for the Evening Mail.

He used his engineering background to create funny cartoons featuring complicated machines that were described as new inventions to accomplish easy, straightforward tasks through a of convoluted steps involving chain reactions. The public quickly fell in love with Rube's "inventions."

His work became popular nationwide, as his cartoons were syndicated in hundreds of newspapers across the country. The art world also loved his works, some of which could soon be found displayed in the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Rube eventually even made it to Hollywood, where his movie script "Soup to Nuts" introduced a trio who would soon become famous as the Three Stooges.

In 1931, the Merriam-Webster Dictionary added "Rube Goldberg" as an adjective that meant "accomplishing by means what seemingly could be done simply." For Rube, his inventions were a way of seeing the humor in everyday situations, and he loved that his work made people laugh. He once described his inventions as a "symbol of man's capacity for exerting maximum effort to accomplish minimal results."

Over time, Rube's inventions leapt off the pages and became real-life working machines, built purely for the joy of engineering and watching science in action. Rube's work has inspired millions to build their own machines that use convoluted chain reactions to accomplish any number of , tasks.

Today, Rube's work lives on in the form of annual Rube Goldberg contests. In 1987, the Phi Chapter of Theta Tau, a national engineering fraternity, at Purdue University in Indiana started the annual National Rube Goldberg Contest.

Each year, groups compete to make the most elaborate, creative contraptions. How do they get? Very! For example, a Purdue University team once won the competition with a that turned on a flashlight via a 125- process that included a toy rocket, a simulated meteor, and a mock fire!

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Today's Wonder of the Day was inspired by Connor. Connor Wonders, " What is a Rube Goldberg machine? " Thanks for WONDERing with us, Connor! Have you ever seen a Rube Goldberg in action? If you've watched today's video, then you know what we're talking about.

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Remind yourselves about Newton's Laws by reading this;

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There was this fellow in England named Sir Isaac Newton. A little bit stuffy, bad hair, but quite an intelligent guy. He worked on developing calculus and physics at the same time. During his work, he came up with the three basic ideas that are applied to the physics of most motion (NOT modern physics). The ideas have been tested and verified so many times over the years, that scientists now call them Newton's Three Laws of Motion.

The first law says that an object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion, with the same direction and speed. Motion (or lack of motion) cannot change without an unbalanced force acting. If nothing is happening to you, and nothing does happen, you will never go anywhere. If you're going in a specific direction, unless something happens to you, you will always go in that direction. Forever.

You can see good examples of this idea when you see video footage of astronauts. Have you ever noticed that their tools float? They can just place them in space and they stay in one place. There is no interfering force to cause this situation to change. The same is true when they throw objects for the camera. Those objects move in a straight line. If they threw something when doing a spacewalk, that object would continue moving in the same direction and with the same speed unless interfered with; for example, if a planet's gravity pulled on it (Note: This is a really really simple way of descibing a big idea. You will learn all the real details - and math - when you start taking more advanced classes in physics.).

The second law says that the acceleration of an object produced by a net (total) applied force is directly related to the magnitude of the force, the same direction as the force, and inversely related to the mass of the object (inverse is a value that is one over another number... the inverse of 2 is 1/2). The second law shows that if you exert the same force on two objects of different mass, you will get different accelerations (changes in motion). The effect (acceleration) on the smaller mass will be greater (more noticeable). The effect of a 10 newton force on a baseball would be much greater than that same force acting on a truck. The difference in effect (acceleration) is entirely due to the difference in their masses.

The third law says that for every action (force) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force). Forces are found in pairs. Think about the time you sit in a chair. Your body exerts a force downward and that chair needs to exert an equal force upward or the chair will collapse. It's an issue of symmetry. Acting forces encounter other forces in the opposite direction. There's also the example of shooting a cannonball. When the cannonball is fired through the air (by the explosion), the cannon is pushed backward. The force pushing the ball out was equal to the force pushing the cannon back, but the effect on the cannon is less noticeable because it has a much larger mass. That example is similar to the kick when a gun fires a bullet forward.

Or search the sites for a specific topic.

Newton's Laws Aboard The ISS (NASA-eClips Video)

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Physics4Kids.com: Motion: Laws of Motion

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There was this fellow in England named Sir Isaac Newton. A little bit stuffy, bad hair, but quite an intelligent guy. He worked on developing calculus and physics at the same time. During his work, he came up with the three basic ideas that are applied to the physics of most motion (NOT modern physics).

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You might have looked at some of these for homework, but get your headphones and watch this video to give you some ideas.

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St. Joseph School - Middle School Science