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During the 1600s, interested in learning more about the microscopic world, scientist Robert Hooke improved the design of the existing compound microscope in 1665.
His compound microscope used three lenses and stage light. It lit up and enlarged the specimens. Hooke placed a piece of cork under the new microscope. It allowed him to see something amazing. To him, the cork looked as if it was made of tiny pores. He came to call them "cells" because they reminded him of the cells in a monastery, where monks live.

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The discovery of the cell continued to be important for science in the 1900s. Scientists discovered stem cells. Stem cells are simple cells. They still have to develop into cells with more specific jobs. This means they can grow into many different parts of the body. They could become part of your skin or your heart, for example. Stem cells are now used to treat many conditions such as heart disease.

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Since cells were only discovered in the 1600s, there was no history that dated back to before 1600s which included cells in it.

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Electron microscopes provide higher magnification, higher resolution, and more detail than light microscopes.

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In the 1800s, biologists began taking a closer look at both animal and plant tissues. What they learned advanced cell theory. Scientists could easily tell that plants were completely made up of cells. That's because plant cells have a layer on the outside called a cell wall. However, this was not so obvious for animal cells, which lack a cell wall. Many scientists believed that animals were made of "globules."