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An international division of labor is created in the new century, with the expansion of industry and technology.  At a certa point, developed countries needed markets in which to sell their products. And so, a race began for the possession of territories.

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There was a certain optimism in Europe at the beginning of the 20th century. The major European powers expanded, while they were arming themselves. Why then, during this time of supposed optimism, was there a world war?

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After the end of the Franco-Prussian War, there was relative peace; however, tension was growing in the relations between nations.

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Any incident could lead to a continental war. On June 28, 1914, a Bosnian Serb shot and killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand . The other European powers took side; Europe was divided into two opposing sides: The Allies or the Triple Entente plus Serbia, against the Central Powers.

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The Allies prepared an offensive at the fronts. On November 11,1918, they signed the armistice which ended the war. Russia withdrew from the war, needing to focus on the internal revolution that brought the Czarist regime to and end.

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A new country was created. Germany and its allies were considered solely responsible for the war, they paid exorbitant amounts of money in reparations and were required to reduce their army.