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Kiruthik Karun R
EEE18133
The Meal, Ready-to-Eat – commonly known as the MRE – is a self-contained, individual field ration in lightweight packaging bought by the United States Department of Defense for its service members for use in combat or other field conditions where organized food facilities are not available. While MREs should be kept cool, they do not need to be refrigerated. MREs replaced the canned MCI, or Meal, Combat, Individual rations, in 1981, and is the intended successor to the lighter LRP ration developed by the United States Army for Special Forces and Ranger patrol units in Vietnam. MREs have also been distributed to civilians during natural disasters.

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Sennheiser is a German based company known for its best earphones,noise cancelling headsets in the world, like HD800.
Sennheiser is bringing its special binaural sounds to make you feel like as if you are really there with Ambeo Smart Surround, their new technology and consumer product that records immersive audio with smartphone simplicity.The family owned, Germany-based brand, a manufacturer of headphones, microphones and wireless transmission systems with presence in more than 50 countries, is banking on reaching a sophisticated set of consumers clamoring to complement the 4K and 360-degree videos they capture with immersive and innovative solutions that’s all about recording sound the way ears actually are supposed to hear it.

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CB.EN.U4CSE18208
ARJUN DEV PK
Have you checked your kid’s toothbrush?
It is quite different from yours. right?
How kids hold toothbrushes is totally different from an adult. So it is hard for them to use a toothbrush that are designed for adults
What is the problem?
Image for post
Tooth brush for adults
Kids’ hands are small and they hold the toothbrush inside their fist. So small handled toothbrushes that we use will not be a good fit for their small hands. And they need to be motivated to brush their teeth.
Image for post
Tooth brush designed for kids using human centered design
What is the solution?
Make the handles fat and squishy. So the kids can hold it easily. Adding rubber grips to the handle gives more grip when brushing the teeth.
To encourage kids to brush every day the designers included comic characters and in the toothbrush and brush holder.
This kind of toothbrush is designed by IDEO designers when Oral-B approached them to create a unique toothbrush for kids. In olden days the kids were using the same toothbrush of adults.

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Aiswarya R(CB.EN.U4ECE18513)
UVEX safety glasses are a piece of safety eyewear (personal protective equipment or PPE) that are manufactured by UVEX by Honeywell. The basic purpose of safety glasses is to provide safety to the eyes of the wearer and also to make one comfortable. The safety glasses are designed to provide a pressure free fit.

Different types of eyewear are used depending upon the nature of the work performed by the worker.

https://www.altitudeinc.com/casestudy/uvex/

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Surface by Microsoft. - Maansi(ECE18038) 

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Surface by Microsoft. - Maansi(ECE18038) 

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If you think the terms ''human-centered'' and ''technology'' don't belong in the same sentence, think again. Tech companies like Microsoft, among many others, are incorporating human-centered design in their products. Specifically, meet the Microsoft Surface.The Surface is a hybrid laptop and mobile tablet designed to make it easy for consumers to use in any situation, whether they https://padlet.com/renjithmcent/w2m79ps62fvzjacr to type up a report or read their favorite book. Latest versions of the technology include a touchscreen, a stylus and a detachable keyboard, which offers a variety of options and enhanced versatility for users. For example, a consumer traveling out of town could take their Surface and have all the functionality of a laptop and the convenience of a tablet in one device.

To provide the options and freedom of multiple devices in one, Microsoft had to center its research on what consumer problems they could solve. Their methods for achieving this focused on human-centered design.   https://study.com/academy/lesson/human-centered-design-definition-example.html

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Losing the Signal that deal specifically with the launch of the Storm. BlackBerry knew the device had major, major issues when it released but it felt it had no choice because it was better to release a flawed product than nothing at all.

The device initially sold well thanks to the strength of the BlackBerry brand and a major marketing push from Verizon, which was eager to have a device that could counter the incredible hype AT&T was generating with the iPhone at the time. However, once people actually started using the phone, things went downhill fast.

“Virtually every one of the 1 million Storm phones shipped in 2008 needed replacing.
Reason of Failure: Design of the product wasn't good. Which led to form mistrust among the consumers.
https://bgr.com/2015/05/25/worst-smartphone-ever-blackberry-storm/

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CB.EN.U4CHE18023
The famous snack and beverage brand PepsiCo recently introduce a new type of packaging for Lays. Indra Nooyi, PepsiCo’s previous CEO introduced the Human-centered design approach in the company which had changed the future of PepsiCo.Air filled chips packagingWhat is the problem?Pepsico’s design team analyzed how people are using their products. And they find out most of the women prefer to eat neat and clean. They want to have the last chip in that packet but they are not ready to dump all that small cracked chip into their mouth.Lays stax packaging: Designed with human centered approachWhat is the solution?They created a vertical and round bottom can with a tray, so the user can take out the tray whenever they need a snack and put it back in after use. The package also comes with a reusable cap. So the user can store it anywhere.source: https://uxdesign.cc/human-centered-design-explained-with-examples-707133acf8b4

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Harsha veena R N
CB.EN.U4ECE18526
OLX was co-founded in 2006 by Fabrice Grinda and Alec Oxenford. They wanted to create a secure platform for trade featuring no costs for the users. OLX has seen tremendous growth in India. The site is easy to navigate and focuses on mobile and proper advertising. Olx can be used by anyone regardless their social, cultural and geographical status. Since the launch of its first television ad 3.5 years ago, the traffic of olx.in has grown 150 times, the company claims. To promote the brand, the company has been using offline advertising media like road side banners and partnering with cricket teams in IPL.

In the early years of online classifieds, verticals such as jobs and matrimonial helped the transition of consumers from newspapers to online. However, now consumers are moving to horizontal classified platforms that address their multiple needs much faster at a single place.

The consumer also likes to browse around, see a variety of products, negotiate on price, and see value in the product before the final transaction. This again offers a huge opportunity for a horizontal classifieds platform like Olx that helps the consumer in all these things.

https://dsim.in/blog/2015/10/21/how-olx-grabbed-the-first-mover-advantage-in-online-classified-ads-industry/

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This is a story of 3 guys and how they went from renting mattresses to a $10 billion company. In 2007, designers Brian Chesky and Joe Gebbia, couldn’t afford the rent on their San Francisco apartment.

There was a design conference coming to San Francisco and the city’s hotels were fully booked, so they came up with the idea of renting out three airbeds on their living-room floor and cooking their guests breakfast.

They set up a simple blog and got three renters (two guys, one girl) for $80 each.

After a small success and product market fit, they enlisted a former flatmate and a computer science graduate, Nathan Blecharczyk, to develop the website and join the venture.

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Tejaswini R     eee18158
Step set go is a Mumbai Based startup ,it aims people out of the workout runand motivate themselves to get fit,,it is HCD because it is an app avalaible for Both android and Ios ,this app have levels and for each 1000 steps a coin is earned and we turn that coin to gift cards ,get offers and the company is also planning to focus on cycling,jogging,calorie based excercise in the future

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-S Hariharan
CB.EN.U4MEE18025

The iPhone, when launched was a pioneer in the mobile phone market itself because it was one of the very few phones with internet and multimedia facilities. The only competitors it had was the Nokia N Series and the Blackberry. While Blackberry focused only on developing using the QWERTY keyboard and Nokia, had a very bad user interface and touch screen experience due to the symbian interface, at Apple Inc. they came up with this idea of a phone, with a keyboard like a blackberry, the UI as simple and functional like the Nokia and multimedia facilities in a phone roughly the size of an iPod touch which was way lighter than the heavy N series and quite more compact than the Blackberry.
The thought process was, the user doesn't always require the keyboard, so why not remove the keyboard totally and make it appear whenever it is needed and use the space of the keyboard for the screen, and it worked! Today they are market leaders in the mobile phone business and an iPhone is a status symbol ofc.

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Kids Toothbrush - A SAI SWAROOP (CB.EN.U4CHE18036)

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Kids Toothbrush - A SAI SWAROOP (CB.EN.U4CHE18036)

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I feel any HCD will always start from a company or a person knowing the problems faced by people. First of all, I would like to talk what were the problems that were faced by kids in the olden days.
Problem:
Since, kids hands are very small they tend to hold the tooth brush inside their fists. So if the diameter of the tooth brush holder is too small it is very difficult for kids to hold it in their fists.
Approach to the problem:
To accomplish this, they approached the design company, IDEO to design new toothbrushes for them. IDEO came on board and wanted to require some examination during this research process to execute the final product. They went into the homes of ORAL B customers and studied how kids brush their teeth. The whole idea behind this request was because even though most adults know how to brush their teeth, there still might be something that children do differently that might be neglected.

Throughout the observation, the team learned that the way children hold the toothbrush were different from the way adults hold it. Since children tend to have less dexterity in their fingers as opposed to adults, kids hold the brush more so in their fist rather than in their fingers. Which is why adult toothbrushes are more so narrow and can be difficult to handle while in the closed fist of a child.

Solution that Oral-B had come up with :
Once the problem was defined, they needed to design something that fits comfortably in the contour of a child’s fist. Their solution was the squish gripper prototype. This new innovative style of toothbrush featured a wider handle and a soft, yet textured grip. It was the perfect size and shape for any child. The prototype was then tested in the same households that took part in the initial product research. The results showed improved brushing comfort and overall oral cleanliness. Additionally, bright colours and graphics were included to make the brush more aesthetically pleasing to children.
(Source: https://uxdesign.cc/human-centered-design-explained-with-examples-707133acf8b4)

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apple iwatch comes with cool featues that makes it HCD.few of its coolest features are

Notifications on the wrist and read messages

Fitness tracking (calories, exercise minutes, standing)

Workout tracking

Heart rate monitoring

Warn about abnormal heart rates and detect falls

ECG readings (on Series 4/5/6 only) and blood oxygen tracking (Series 6)

GPS tracking of workouts

Make calls and receive messages (LTE versions with data plan enable this without iPhone)

Turn-by-turn navigation

Siri commands – alarms, timers, reminders

Display tickets and boarding passes

Tell the time

aravindraj (cb.en.u4ece18105)

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https://www.altitudeinc.com/winning-companies-use-human-centered-design/
Colgate – Colgate hired Altitude to restore their leadership position in electric toothbrushes. Users wanted a better fitting, more effective, longer lasting, and easier to maintain toothbrush. By focusing on the user with a human centered design approach, Altitude developed the Motion, a high-powered, slim profile brush, with dual oppositional oscillating heads and a patented ergonomically correct arcing neck.

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KFC (CB.EN.U4ECE18213 -AKHIL CHEEDELLA)
STORY BEHIND:

Harland Sanders  was born in 1890 and raised on a farm outside  Henryville, Indiana.When Sanders was five years old, his father died, forcing his mother to work at a  canning  plant. This left Sanders, as the eldest son, to care for his two younger siblings.After he reached seven years of age, his mother taught him how to cook.After leaving the family home at the age of 13, Sanders passed through several professions, with mixed success.In 1930, he took over a  Shell filling station  on  US Route 25  just outside  North Corbin, Kentucky, a small town on the edge of the  Appalachian Mountains.It was here that he first served to travelers the recipes that he had learned as a child: fried chicken and other dishes such as steaks and  country ham. After four years of serving from his own dining room table, Sanders purchased the larger filling station on the other side of the road and expanded to six tables.By 1936, this had proven successful enough for Sanders to be given the honorary title of  Kentucky colonel  by  Governor  Ruby Laffoon.In 1937 he expanded his restaurant to 142 seats, and added a  motel  he purchased across the street, naming it  Sanders Court & Café.

Sanders was unhappy with the 35 minutes it took to prepare his chicken in an iron frying pan, but he refused to  deep fry the chicken, which he believed lowered the quality of the product. If he pre-cooked the chicken in advance of orders, there was sometimes wastage at day's end.In 1939, the first commercial  pressure cookers  were released onto the market, mostly designed for steaming vegetables. Sanders bought one, and modified it into a  pressure fryer, which he then used to fry chicken. The new method reduced production time to be comparable with deep frying, while, in the opinion of Sanders, retaining the quality of pan-fried chicken.

In July 1940, Sanders finalised what came to be known as his "Original Recipe" of 11 herbs and spices.Although he never publicly revealed the recipe, he admitted to the use of  salt and pepper, and claimed that the ingredients "stand on everybody's shelf".After being recommissioned as a Kentucky colonel in 1950 by Governor  Lawrence Wetherby, Sanders began to dress the part, growing a  goatee  and wearing a black  frock coat (later switched to a white suit), a  string tie, and referring to himself as "Colonel"

The Sanders Court & Cafe generally served travelers, so when the route planned in 1955 for  Interstate 75  bypassed  Corbin, Sanders sold his properties and traveled the US to franchise his chicken recipe to restaurant owners. Independent restaurants would pay four (later five)  cents  on each chicken as a franchise fee, in exchange for Sanders' "secret blend of herbs and spices" and the right to feature his recipe on their menus and use his name and likeness for promotional purposes. In 1952 he had already successfully franchised his recipe to his friend  Pete Harman  of  South Salt Lake, Utah, the operator of one of the city's largest restaurants.

Don Anderson, a sign painter hired by Harman, coined the name "Kentucky Fried Chicken". For Harman, the addition of KFC was a way of differentiating his restaurant from competitors; a product from Kentucky was exotic, and evoked imagery of  Southern hospitality.Harman trademarked the phrase "It's finger lickin' good", which eventually became the company-wide slogan. He also introduced the "bucket meal" in 1957 (14 pieces of chicken, five  bread rolls  and a  pint  of  gravy in a cardboard bucket). Serving their signature meal in a paper bucket was to become an iconic feature of the company.

By 1963 there were 600 KFC restaurants, making the company the largest fast food operation in the United States. KFC popularized chicken in the fast food industry, diversifying the market by challenging the established dominance of the  hamburger.

In 1964, Sanders sold the company to a group of investors led by  John Y. Brown Jr.  and  Jack C. Massey  for US$2 million (around US$15 million in 2013). The contract included a lifetime salary for Sanders and the agreement that he would be the company's quality controller and trademark. The chain had reached 3,000 outlets in 48 different countries by 1970. In July 1971, Brown sold the company to the  Connecticut-based  Heublein, a packaged food and drinks corporation, for US$285 million (around US$1.6 billion in 2013).Sanders died in 1980, his promotional work making him a prominent figure in American cultural history.By the time of his death, there were an estimated 6,000 KFC outlets in 48 different countries worldwide, with $2 billion of sales annually.

In 1982, Heublein was acquired by  R. J. Reynolds, the tobacco giant. In July 1986, Reynolds sold KFC to  PepsiCo  for $850 million (around US$1.8 billion in 2013).PepsiCo made the chain a part of its restaurants division alongside  Pizza Hut  and  Taco Bell. The Chinese market was entered in November 1987, with an outlet in  Beijing.

In 1991, the KFC name was officially adopted, although it was already widely known by that  initialism. Kyle Craig, president of KFC US, admitted the change was an attempt to distance the chain from the unhealthy connotations of "fried".The early 1990s saw a number of successful major products launched throughout the chain, including spicy "Hot Wings" (launched in 1990), popcorn chicken (1992), and internationally, the "Zinger", a spicy chicken fillet sandwich (1993). By 1994, KFC had 5,149 outlets in the US, and 9,407 overall, with over 100,000 employees.In August 1997, PepsiCo spun off its restaurants division as a public company valued at US$4.5 billion (around US$6.5 billion in 2013). The new company was named  Tricon Global Restaurants, and at the time had 30,000 outlets and annual sales of US$10 billion (around US$14 billion in 2013), making it second in the world only to McDonald's. Tricon was renamed  Yum! Brands in May 2002.

Link:

https://interestingengineering.com/the-history-of-kfc-their-past-and-the-tech-building-their-future

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Xiaomi managed to take the electronics and mobile world by storm in 2014. Their first device was Mi4 was one of the best-selling phones in history .
The company was founded by eight partners in the year 2010 and was funded by a Singapore based investment group called Temasek Holdings and Chinese venture capitalists called IDG Capital along with Qiming Venture Partners. They were one of the first companies that were endorsed by core mobile companies, Qualcomm. Xiaomi continues to use their processors for their devices even today.
But some mobile blasts during the recent times due to some issues in their updates . This leads to some of the people lost their loved ones.
mostly mi note 4 and note 5 is the product which causes the failure of the XIAOMI products. Still the latest products also getting blasted .

https://www.indiatoday.in/technology/news/story/redmi-note-7-pro-battery-explodes-in-gurugram-xiaomi-explains-the-reason-behind-it-1655949-2020-03-16

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Colgate –vaishnavi narayanan (CB.EN.U4ECE18164)                  Colgate hired Altitude to restore their leadership position in electric toothbrushes. Altitude’s innovation strategy and research team determined that users wanted a better fitting, more effective, longer lasting, and easier to maintain toothbrush. By focusing on the user with a human centered design approach, Altitude developed the Motion, a high-powered, slim profile brush, with dual oppositional oscillating heads and a patented ergonomically correct arcing neck.

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Colgate –vaishnavi narayanan (CB.EN.U4ECE18164)                  Colgate hired Altitude to restore their leadership position in electric toothbrushes. Altitude’s innovation strategy and research team determined that users wanted a better fitting, more effective, longer lasting, and easier to maintain toothbrush. By focusing on the user with a human centered design approach, Altitude developed the Motion, a high-powered, slim profile brush, with dual oppositional oscillating heads and a patented ergonomically correct arcing neck.

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SOURCE : https://www.altitudeinc.com/winning-companies-use-human-centered-design/

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Dhanesh Kumar A C

Getting full ketchup out of a ketchup bottle was a difficult task. The ketchup was thick and it takes more time to make the ketchup flow out till the last drop from that bottle and that’s why HEINZ introduced an inverted bottle design.

They redesigned the bottle to have a hand grip and holding space for comfortable squeeze. And because of its inverted design, the user will get the last drop from the bottle.

This design was invented with the HCD in mind and the comfort of users. So that people could find it easy to use the ketchup bottle.

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After 11 years in the market, Tesla is ranked as the world's best-selling plug-in and battery electric passenger car manufacturer in 2019.  Tesla cars accounted for 81% of the battery electric vehicles sold in the United States in the first half of 2020. Suffice to say, Tesla's electric vehicles are taking the world by storm.

The motivation behind Tesla was a combination of what the world needed and what it's inhabitants wanted. With pollution on the rise, the world is ready to shift to other types of car from fossil fuel cars.  The makers of Tesla realised this. But it is not enough to just make a sustainable car. People wanted style. People wanted speed. People wanted the futuristic technologies. Tesla has managed to provide all these. What other electric vehicle companies did wrong that Tesla did right was they understood their market.  Sustainability doesn't have to be drab after all.

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I feel Android phones provide a lot more specifications and features in comparieson to an apple phone.
Speaking of security concern,it is worth to note that in this technological era nothing is safe and the day where breaching the iOS security system may not be too far

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HP Pavilion 14 laptop
One of the biggest highlight of this laptop design is its low weight and thin structure unlike many others

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Apple's First ever proper mouse (Gautam Krishna-CB.EN.U4CSE18420)

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Apple's First ever proper mouse (Gautam Krishna-CB.EN.U4CSE18420)

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In 1980, Apple asked IDEO to develop a mouse for their radical new computer, the Lisa. Previous attempts at mouse design, by Douglas Englebart and Xerox PARC, yielded results that were too expensive and hard to make. The Apple mouse needed to be more reliable and less than 10 percent of the cost of the earlier versions.
Jim Yurchenko was given the task to make such a mouse. At first, Yurchenco remembers, everyone assumed mice had to be phenomenally accurate to deliver a good experience. It was after thinking from the user's point of view and after understanding what they required that he realised the most important thing that let him cut down the cost. People don't pay attention to what their hand is doing when they use a mouse; they just care about where the cursor goes. "It's like driving a car. You don't look at where you're turning the steering wheel, you turn the steering wheel until the car goes where you want." Less stringent demands on the accuracy front further let the team shave away parts and costs and come up with a cheaper large scale manufacturable mouse. The mouse was a great success for this very reason that it was what the user's needed and not what the manufacturers thought the user's needed.
Reference: https://www.wired.com/2014/08/the-engineer-of-the-original-apple-mouse-talks-about-his-remarkable-career/

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-Kirupashankar.B

The iPod Shuffle (stylized and marketed as iPod shuffle) is a discontinued digital audio player designed and formerly marketed by Apple Inc.
https://512pixels.net/2016/03/the-history-of-the-ipod-shuffle/

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UVEX
Uvex wanted Altitude to create a new generation of protective safety eyewear. By incorporating user centered design in our approach to learn what users really want, we were able to design FitLogic Safety Eyewear, an innovative product design that combines comfortable fit, functionality, and style, and subsequently generated high sales for Uvex

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Apple Silicon (Vikash D - CB.EN.U4EEE18501)

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Apple Silicon (Vikash D - CB.EN.U4EEE18501)

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Apple Inc. is famous for it's devices like iphone, ipads, macbooks, imac, mac pro, etc. In the laptop and desktops devices of apple they are using intel cpu and amd graphics for a very long time.But in their mobile devices they don't use famous mobile soc manufacturer's products like qualcomm snapdragon, mediatek, etc, rather they design their own chips with tsmc and samsung based on arm architecture(this is why ipad pro 2020 is the fastest mobile device).Now they have planned to use apple manufactured chips (SOC) in their laptops and desktop devices. By which they can have good control over their software as well as hardware. So they may not wait for the Release of next generation intel processors or amd graphics to release their products .Since the Users don't need apple products to be released on different months in different years and as they need good performance in less bucks ,they are moving towards apple silicon (apple's own arm based soc) in the next few years .As you all know the benchmark scores of 2020 macbook pro(13 inch) is less then 2020 ipad pro. But the macbook pro has a Intel core i5 10 th gen cpu with active cooling(radiator with fans), whereas 2020 ipad pro has Apple A12Z Bionic SOC with passive cooling(radiator only). Since these chips are based on arm architecture, one of the main advantage is better performance with less heat deleivered. Current mackbooks and imacs use amd graphics which are connected to the cpu via pcie lanes ,where the gpu is bottle necked by the bandwidth limitation of the pcie lanes. But in the upcoming macs with Apple Silicon will have apple custom gpu(with metal support) connected to the cpu using the tile memory and system memory. So by this ,users get macs with high performance, thin design at less prices. The high performance is because of the instruction set of arm architecture and thin design is because no fans are required as arm chips deliver less heat when compared to intel chips. Another reason is that intel has announced that it's 7nm chips will be released in 2023 only, But Apple can manufacture arm based chips with tsmc with lithography process less than 7nm. By using  Apple Silicon Even Ios and IpadOs apps can be used on MacOs without any Emulation.

Source :-https://developer.apple.com/documentation/apple_silicon

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Designing a Scalable Water and Hygiene Business
In Nairobi, the team rented an apartment rather than hotel rooms in order to have a full workshop for building and prototyping. Half of the team went into the field to conduct interviews and other research, talking to locals about their water and health needs, market value, and seasonal variations. The other half quickly pulled together their prototype business, and with the help of a translator, they launched a one-day test run.

The team had hired a local kiosk vendor and cart operator to wear branded apparel and sell water in jerry cans that had been adorned with Live Well stickers. They sent their translator around as a door-to-door salesperson, selling hygiene products and talking to people about health and sanitation. The translator came back with key learnings that would help inspire a subsequent version of the business. “It was completely chaotic but fertile with learning experience,” recalls project lead Robin Bigio. After half a day, the team already learned enough to prepare the next rev of Live Well.

https://www.designkit.org/case-studies/4

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redBus was founded in 2006 by Phanindra Sama, Sudhakar Pasupunuri and Charan Padmaraju, engineers from the Birla Institute of Technology and Science, who also worked together at various organisations before founding the company. With an initial investment of ₹500,000 (equivalent to ₹1.3 million or US$18,000 in 2019), the founders began operations in 2006, by tying up with various travel agents for seat reservations through the redBus portal. In the same year the company was selected for the TiE Entrepreneurship Acceleration Program and was mentored on several aspects of the business. The company owns BOGDS, a cloud computing service for bus operators, and SeatSeller, a GDS for bus inventory distribution

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redBus was founded in 2006 by Phanindra Sama, Sudhakar Pasupunuri and Charan Padmaraju, engineers from the Birla Institute of Technology and Science, who also worked together at various organisations before founding the company. With an initial investment of ₹500,000 (equivalent to ₹1.3 million or US$18,000 in 2019), the founders began operations in 2006, by tying up with various travel agents for seat reservations through the redBus portal. In the same year the company was selected for the TiE Entrepreneurship Acceleration Program and was mentored on several aspects of the business. The company owns BOGDS, a cloud computing service for bus operators, and SeatSeller, a GDS for bus inventory distribution

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CB.EN.U4ECE18146
(NITHIN P)
redBus was founded in 2006 by Phanindra Sama, Sudhakar Pasupunuri and Charan Padmaraju, engineers from the Birla Institute of Technology and Science, who also worked together at various organisations before founding the company. With an initial investment of ₹500,000 (equivalent to ₹1.3 million or US$18,000 in 2019), the founders began operations in 2006, by tying up with various travel agents for seat reservations through the redBus portal. In the same year the company was selected for the TiE Entrepreneurship Acceleration Program and was mentored on several aspects of the business. The company owns BOGDS, a cloud computing service for bus operators, and SeatSeller, a GDS for bus inventory distribution. it clearly describes the Human Centred design.

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Published May 16,2019 by Tvisha-Technologies

Success Story of RedBus - ENGINEERS TO ENTREPRENEURS

Traveling is a necessity for everyone. From kids to elders, everyone travels to somewhere daily. The purpose varies from the necessity of pleasure. The available avenues for transport are many- ranging from airplanes to autos. But the most commonly used mode of transport remains to be BUS. Public transport buses are limited within the cities. For traveling from one city to another city is provided by private buses which are operated by bus operators under the supervision of travel agents. There will be hardships when traveling from one city to another city in case of limited seats, limited service providers and especially in the seasons of festivals. We had many buses around for traveling which provides AC and non-AC buses and other types of buses.

Booking of tickets gives a new experience to the travelers as it is an easy and efficient way to buy a ticket. After train and plane ticket bookings, the bus ticket booking also raised. Presently, there is a number of providers who provide online bus ticket booking. However, the first and now the top bus ticket booking platform is RedBus

Redbus is an online bus ticket booking platform which facilitates comfortable and affordable traveling to millions by providing dynamic and efficient online bus ticket booking system.

The Journey and Redbus Success Story!

Redbus Foundation: How it happened?

The Redbus success story founded with the three key people Phanindra Sama, Charan Padmaraju and Sudhakar Pasupunuri. The three engineers from BITS Pilani are the founders of the Redbus. After their graduation, they worked for MNCs in Bangalore. Phanindra Sama worked for STs electronics and Texas instruments, Charan Padmaraju for Honeywell and Sudhakar Pasupunuri for IBM. Phanindra Sama was the master brain in evolving Redbus. He was the chief executive officer for Redbus for 8 years.

The seed of Redbus success story sown on the entrepreneurial ground when Phanindra Sama trying to travel from Bangalore to Hyderabad for Diwali vacation in 2005. He could not get a bus ticket to travel to his home town. He wandered around the Bangalore for a ticket. But he didn't get. That day he came to know the disorganization in the system and communication gap between bus operators and travel agents. There is no translucent on available seats and price of the ticket. And everything was done there is through phone calls and for return tickets, need to go to the agents every time.

Sama felt it like clumsy. He believed that it could be solved through online. Then he discussed with his friends and three of them together decided to enter the realm of the entrepreneurial ground even though they didn't have entrepreneurial bug initially.

Origin of the name:

The name was taken from the color of the Virgin brand which is started by Richard Branson as Sama was fascinated by his autobiography. He wished to have a color for his business. And the color of the Virgin brand is Red. And another reason is as it is online based and for the people's convenience they want to put the easiest and catchy name for their Redbus startup story. So, they finally proposed the name as the Redbus.

The Journey of Redbus Success Story:

The journey begins when the three engineers left their comfortable and affluent zone. In January 2006, the three started working on the solution. They built software and tried to sell it. But that doesn't pay off. Then they came to know about TiE Entrepreneurship Acceleration Program, Bangalore. They met the TiE team and discuss their plan.

The TiE assigned three mentors for them. They gave the idea of starting their own business and gave them assignments about the project. It is like a survey. They are fastidious in the assigned work. The three young entrepreneurs surveyed all the details like the number of buses, number of routes, the costs of a ticket, the way the people buy a ticket, profiles of customers, shares of bus operator and an agent.

They started it in August 2006 with only one operator, 5 seats with 5 lakh rupees. The Redbus startup story brought a revolution in the bus industry. They built a website with a name redbus.in. They went through the hardships and seasons of suffering throughout the whole journey before tasting success.

The Redbus success story didn't end here. Redbus today is roaring with success as an online bus ticket booking company with 10,000+ buses, 700+ bus operators, operating in 15 states and sells at least 5,000 tickets daily. It is a fast-growing startup. Redbus prolonged their services to hotels, bus hire, and pilgrimages.

Redbus Ticket Booking Offers:

The three young entrepreneurs make the traveling of millions very convenient and comfortable. The Redbus offers:

1. Multiple Travel Options Across Thousand of Routes

2. Excellent Customer Support for solving travel issues

3. Low-cost tickets

4. Provides extra benefits (Discounts, deals, and festive offers, etc.)

5. M-ticket, E-ticket, and Counter ticket

6. Luxurious hotel services

7. Bus hirings

8. Pilgrimage tours

Ticket Booking App Development:

We can book tickets using apps and also customize the options using the Redbus ticket booking app. We can book Volvo, sleeper or any other type of bus using the app. It also facilitates bus coupons, festival offers, etc. Availability of buses, seats, type of bus and choice bus all are available in the app.

The three young entrepreneurs also developed a software product named BOSS for bus operators which gives smooth access to the information of buses and seating allotments. And Seat sellar which furnishes the information to the travel agency.

RedBus Investors:

The investors for globally recognized redbus.in are:

In just a few years of their journey, the three entrepreneurs amped up its revenue above $12M.

Challenges:

The Redbus success story prolonged its operations across various countries besides India are Colombia, Indonesia, Peru, Malaysia, and Singapore.

The challenges they had to face in operating this red bus success story includes:

Payment gateway issues

Propagate the same working environment, culture and value system in different countries. To meet this challenge they frequently travel to the countries and communicate through emails.

Globally, Redbus now has 8+ million customers, 2300+ bus operators and 100 million trips are booking worldwide using ticket booking app development. Redbus sold their stake to Ibibo groups, South Africa for $135 million.

Currently, Prakash Sangam is the CEO of redbus.in since 2014 and Anoop Menon is the CTO (Chief Technology Officer) of redbus.in

Redbus Achievements:

Phanindra became the second entrepreneur from India to join Endeavour.

The most innovative company from the business standard.

The most trusted brand from the brand trust report.

Mobile innovation award from the eye for travel.

Phanindra Sama placed under "40 under 40" by Fortune India in 2014.

Phanindra appointed as the CIO (Chief Innovative Officer) of TSIC (Telangana State Innovation Cell) on 10th November 2017.

Top 5 startup in 2010' by Forbes magazine.

The Redbus startup story reveals that, "Education ignites a better understanding of obstacles".

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RedBus Success Story - The Journey of Redbus Success Story

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Published May 16,2019 by Tvisha-Technologies Traveling is a necessity for everyone. From kids to elders, everyone travels to somewhere daily. The purpose varies from the necessity of pleasure. The available avenues for transport are many- ranging from airplanes to autos. But the most commonly used mode of transport remains to be BUS.

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T Pavan Reddy

McDonald’s is the world’s largest restaurant chain, with over 38,000 locations in 10 countries around the globe, serving 68 million customers each day.
Challenge:
Over a four-year engagement, Method partnered with McDonald’s to envision a new experience for every customer—an enhanced offering that is globally connected, locally relevant, and always convenient—grounded in an omni-channel experience.
Achievements
We defined the customer journey and the role of various channels at each touch point. This was supported by experience principles that crystallized how the iconic brand would express itself in a digital context. A global digital design system ensured a consistent and coherent experience across all touch points. A robust research process involving rapid iteration and prototyping in controlled and real world environments enabled teams to observe, understand, and better serve customer behaviours. We helped McDonald’s design and deliver operational service enhancements in front and behind the counter.

Our work has manifested across the global ecosystem in all digital touchpoints that a customer might encounter.

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SWIGGY-  FOOD DELIVERING APP (A.PRIYA DHARSINI cb.en.u4aee18058)

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SWIGGY-  FOOD DELIVERING APP (A.PRIYA DHARSINI cb.en.u4aee18058)

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According to me, the unique HCD story is the swiggy food delivary app.Swiggy is food ordering and delivering company based in Bangalore. It provides a single window for ordering from a wide range of restaurants and have their own exclusive fleet of delivery personnel pick up orders from restaurants and deliver it to customers.It is a complete food ordering and delivery solution that connects neighborhood restaurants with urban foodies.

Swiggy was founded by Nandan Reddy, Sriharsha Majety, and Rahul Jaimini in August 2014. Nandan Reddy aged 29 and Sriharsha Majety aged 31 both are both alumni of Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani while Rahul Jaimini aged 31 is an alumnus of IIT Kharagpur.Swiggy began its Journey from Bengaluru with six delivery executives and 25 restaurants on its platform. In the time of 3 years, it has scaled up with over 6,000 delivery executives across India in more than 8 cities like Delhi-NCR, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Chennai, Kolkata, and Pune.
USER PERSPECTIVE:
the food is in our hands whenever, wherever needed to our door step by using a single app.
variety of dishes can be ordered from different shops at a time in a very short duration.
additional info:

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Nandan Reddy (29) and Sriharsha Majety (31,) both alumni of Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, are second time lucky entrepreneurs. Back in the year 2014, they worked together on their first startup venture, Bundl, a logistics aggregator which connected small and medium companies to courier service providers. The business started off fine. However, after almost a year into it, they realised their focus needed to change from the courier service field to the food industry.

In the year of working with like minded people. Nandan and Sriharsha realised there was a strong need for an online hyperlocal logistics company in the restaurant industry. By 14 August, the duo made their dream into a reality by rolling out Swiggy, the country's first online food ordering platform. They roped in Rahul Janimini, an IIT Kharagpur alumni, to do coding work for the platform.

Back in 2014, Swiggy was founded in an office space in Koramangala, Bangalore. One neighbourhood, six delivery executives and 25 partner restaurants is what Swiggy started off with in the beginning. Almost four years into the field, Swiggy now has a major presence in Delhi, Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Chennai and Kolkata. Not just that, they are partnered with 12,000 restaurants and over 13,000 delivery executives.

When it comes to food and ordering food, India is a young country with a lot of untapped potential. As a customer centric company, Swiggy as an online platform is entirely dedicated to improving the process and experience of food order and delivery. Since its inception, Swiggy has rapidly grown to become a leader in the Indian food delivery sector by consistently shrinking delivery timelines and improving customer experience.

From the time of its inception, this online platform has raised large sums of money which more than proves Swiggy's worth as a food ordering platform. Starting from discovery through visual menus, massive reduction in delivery time and no minimum order, Swiggy has become the highest used online platform. With over 12,000 restaurants in their roster, industry best average delivery time of 37 minutes and reduced overhead costs, Swiggy has positioned itself at the top of this field.

To make sure they are here for the long run, Swiggy has launched a host of exciting features like Swiggy Pop, Swiggy Access and Swiggy Schedule. With constant developments in their technology, Swiggy has made sure it has secured the number one position in the country in relation to the online food ordering food.

Writer, dreamer and feminist. Smruti Kishore likes what she does and does what she likes. She's a passionate journalist obsessed with words and writing the world a better place.

Elon Musk is perhaps the boldest business leader, thinker and entrepreneur of this generation. Elon Musk dabbled in multiple ventures over the years and most of them might seem like they are straight out of a storybook. Elon Musk's perseverance to achieve his dreams have paid off and he now owns several highly successful companies. Elon's ambitions are bold as he is determined to send humans to Mars, offer highly subsidised or free internet to the world and develop the world's fastest mode of transportation with his ventures.

We give you six innovations conceived by Elon Musk which prove he is a true visionary.

1) Tesla

Tesla is a car manufacturing firm which mainly focuses on cars which run on electricity powered by batteries. The company name Tesla, is a tribute to Nikola Tesla who was an electrical engineer. Elon Musk's Tesla pioneered the concept that electric cars can look and feel like premium cars as well as powering their vehicles with powerful artificial intelligence which lets its drivers to sit back and relax while the autopilot does the driving. Tesla cars are only sold online as Elon Musk believes a traditional dealership will have conflict of interests while selling electric vehicles. Tesla is the first automaker that sells cars directly to consumers while the rest use independently owned dealerships.

2) SpaceX

Space X is perhaps the most ambitious undertaking by Elon Musk as he believes colonising Mars is the future of humankind. SpaceX is also short for space exploration and has drastically reduced the costs of undertaking space missions as Elon Musk figured out a way to reuse the rockets. Unlike most rockets, which are expendable launch systems, since the introduction of the Full Thrust version, Space X's Falcon 9 is partially reusable, with the first stage capable of re entering the atmosphere and landing vertically after separating from the second stage. This feat was achieved for the first time by SpaceX in December 2015. A 2011 NASA report "estimated that it would have cost the agency about US $ 4 billion to develop a rocket like the Falcon 9 booster based upon NASA's traditional contracting processes while "a more 'commercial development' approach might have allowed the agency to pay only US $ 1.7 billion (sic.)"

3) Hyperloop

Hyperloop aims to be the provider of the fastest mode of transportation on the planet. Hyperloop is a sealed tube or system of tubes with low air pressure through which a pod may travel substantially free of air resistance or friction. The Hyperloop could convey people or objects at airline or hypersonic speeds while being very energy efficient. In aerodynamics, a hypersonic speed is one that greatly exceeds the speed of sound, often stated as starting at speeds of Mach 5 and above. Mach 1 is the speed of sound which is 1234 kmph. The Hyperloop Genesis paper conceived of a hyperloop system that would propel passengers along the 350-mile (560 km) route at a speed of 760 mph (1,200 km/h), allowing for a travel time of 35 minutes, which is considerably faster than current rail or air travel times.

ALSO READ: Five Interesting Facts About Elon Musk's SpaceX

4) Starlink

Starlink is a satellite constellation being constructed by SpaceX to provide satellite Internet access. The constellation will consist of thousands of mass produced small satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO,) working in combination with ground transceivers. SpaceX intends to provide satellite internet connectivity to underdeveloped areas of the planet, as well as provide competitively priced service to urban areas.

5) Boring company

The Boring Company is a tunnel services company and Elon Musk cited difficulty with Los Angeles traffic and limitations with the current two dimensional transportation network as his early inspiration for the project. Musk claims the tunnel trip will take five minutes, compared to above ground driving which takes 45 minutes in normal traffic to go from LAX to Westwood. These trips were planned to be implemented by placing a car on an electric sled and traveling at 120 miles per hour (200 km/h) through tunnels.

6) Neuralink

Neuralink is a neurotechnology company founded by Elon Musk for developing implantable brain machine interfaces. Neuralink announced it was working on a "sewing machine like" device capable of implanting very thin (4 to 6 μm in width) threads into the brain, and demonstrated a system that read information from a lab rat via 1,500 electrodes. The company is centered on creating devices that can be implanted in the human brain, with the eventual purpose of helping human beings merge with software and keep pace with advancements in artificial intelligence. These enhancements could improve memory or allow more direct interfacing with computing devices at broadband speeds.

While some of the companies and their vision might seem far fetched, Elon Musk is adamant on making them a reality. Elon Musk and SpaceX successfully made history as being the first private organization to transport astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS.) The entire operation from launch to docking at the ISS has been live streamed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and was watched by millions from all over the world. Neuralink's progress was displayed recently as a pig named Gertrude had a chip implanted in her brain which tracked her neural activity and was publicly displayed to everyone.

We at Startup Stories hope Elon Musk will continue to push the boundaries of science and imagination for as long as he can and make an indelible impact on humanity.

India as a nation has a preference for choosing a two wheeler over a four wheeler. It is quite easy to see the Indian roads packed with motorcycles and mopeds zipping away and snaking their way through the notorious Indian traffic. Almost every household has some form of a two wheeler at home which they use for travelling with whole families . The entire two wheeler market segment is flooded with gearless mopeds like Activa, Jupiter and budget geared vehicles like Passion, Splendor and Victor. There is a vehicle for every economic requirement in India.

The Indian market is majorly ruled by Honda, Bajaj and TVS all of which have a plethora of models available for the market. Let us take a look at the story of TVS Motors, a true Indian company which makes vehicles for the Indian sensibilities.

Beginnings:

T.V. Sundaram Iyengar began with Madurai's first bus service in 1911 and founded T.V.S., a company in the transportation business with a large fleet of trucks and buses under the name of Southern Roadways. This is also the first company to run buses in Delhi and with their large number of buses, TVS quickly began to rule the transportation market in Delhi. After the death of Sundaram Iyenger in 1955, his sons took over the business.

Sundaram Clayton:

In 1962, Sundaram Clayton came into existence. This company was a collaboration of the Sundaram company and Clayton Dewandre Holdings of the United Kingdom. Sundaram Clayton started making products like motors, bike brakes, compressors and other automotive products. For about a decade, the company was engaged in the same work , they were manufacturing automotive products.

In 1978, they set up a plant to manufacture mopeds at Hosur, Tamil Nadu. They began with TVS50 which was also India's first two seater moped. Sundaram Clayton then entered into a collaboration with Japan's Suzuki Limited as a joint venture in 1987. TVS and Suzuki shared a one year long relationship that was aimed at technology transfer for design and manufacture of two wheelers specifically for the Indian market. TVS Suzuki introduced many models such as the Suzuki Supra, Suzuki Samurai, Suzuki Shogun and Suzuki Shaolin.

After a fruitful relationship, the collaboration finally came to an end in 2001 following which TVS signed a moratorium for 30 months during which Suzuki promised not to enter the Indian market with competing two wheelers. TVS was then renamed to TVS motors.

Recent Past

TVS Motors entered the racing bike category with the Apache model and the budget and mileage friendly segment with the Jupiter series. In early 2015, TVS Racing became the first Indian factory team to take part in the Dakar Rally, the world's longest and most dangerous rally. TVS Racing partnered with the French motorcycle manufacturer Sherco, and named the team Sherco TVS Rally Factory Team.

In 2016 TVS started manufacturing the BMW G310R, a model co developed with BMW Motorrad after their strategic partnership in April 2013.

TVS Motors also has a list of firsts in India which is to be the first to indigenously produce a four stroke motorcycle. The list of firsts from the firm include: India's first 2 seater moped - TVS 50, India's first Digital Ignition with the TVS Champ, India's first fully indigenous motorcycle - Victor, and the first Indian company to launch ABS in a motorcycle with the Apache RTR Series.

TVS Motors is currently the third largest motorcycle company in India with a revenue of Rs. 20,000 crores. With a strong history and a proven track record for innovation and its commitment to making the lives of Indians better, TVS Motors will only look forward to releasing more models into the market and become the market leader in India.

Vodafone Idea is one of India's largest telecommunications companies along with Bharti Airtel and Reliance Jio. Vodafone Idea has a market share of 23% in India and Reliance Jio leads the market with a share of 34%. Indian telecom companies have been hurt badly by the Supreme Court verdict on the Adjusted Gross Revenues (AGR) case. The AGR is a fee sharing mechanism between the telcos and the government who shifted to the 'revenue-sharing fee' model in 1999, from the 'fixed license fee' model. In this course, telcos are supposed to share a percentage of their AGR with the government.

Following the Supreme Court verdict which came against the favour of telcos, the verdict directs the telcos to pay the due payments to the government over a course of ten years. The total amount due as per the Department of Telecom's submission to the Supreme Court is Rs. 119,292 crores. Out of its total dues of Rs. 43,980 crores, Bharti Airtel has paid Rs. 18,004 crores so far while Rs. 25,976 crores are still remaining. Vodafone Idea's dues are the highest at Rs. 58,254 crores, of which the company has paid Rs. 6,354 crores and the balance due is Rs. 51,400 crores.

This has hurt both Bharti Airtel and Vodafone Idea as they have to raise enough capital to pay the dues. Failure to pay the dues means the telcos are looking at bankruptcy. According to a report by Jefferies Equity Research, dated September 1st, Vodafone Idea could require up to ₹18,800 crores by the end of March 2023. To do so, it will need to raise money since its existing operating profit is less than annual payments that will be due. Vodafone Idea on Friday said it will raise up to ₹ 25,000 crores. The fundraising will be through the sale of shares or non convertible debentures (NCDs.) Both routes of fundraising have a limit of ₹ 15,000 crores each. The proposed fundraising is subject to regulatory and shareholders approvals. Vodafone Idea will take up the proposal at its annual general meeting on 30 September.

Vodafone Idea has therefore announced a rebranding as part of its fundraising efforts and going forward Vodafone Idea will be called Vi. This is because Idea is now integrated with Vodafone. Launching the new brand, Ravinder Takkar, Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Vodafone Idea Limited, said "the brand integration not only marks the completion of the largest telecom merger in the world but also sets us on our future journey to offer world class digital experiences to one billion indians on our strong 4G network. VIL is now leaner and agile and the deployment of many principles of 5G architecture has helped us transform into a future-fit, digital network for the changing customer needs (sic.)"

The future of Vi is still uncertain and more updates will be revealed in the following weeks and a new updated tariff plan will also be rolled out. Vi looks to earn back its customers and get back to being a strong market leader which it once was and only time will tell what is in store for Vi and its customers.

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Swiggy: The Story of A Company That Changed The Way A Country Eats

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Nandan Reddy (29) and Sriharsha Majety (31,) both alumni of Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, are second time lucky entrepreneurs. Back in the year 2014, they worked together on their first startup venture, Bundl, a logistics aggregator which

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Arvind T (CB.EN.U4CSE18410)
Denim jeans are probably the most important item in our wardrobes. Versatile, reusable and rugged, your jeans can easily last more than two to three years. This is why people are okay with paying a premium price for a good pair of jeans. Back in 1989, Mumbai-based businessman Kewalchand Jain decided to take a gamble on this kind of logic. At that time, he was running his family’s garment business and wanted to start making jeans. Kewalchand told himself he wanted to build an Indian denim brand and make Indians proud of wearing these jeans. This was the inspiration behind Killer Jeans. Selecting the name to represent the rebellious nature of youth, Kewalchand launched the brand despite anticipating heavy competition from international brands Levis, Pepe Jeans, and Wrangler.
So how was Killer Jeans unique? Kewalchand says, “I believed that a brand should never sell its products on discount. Thus, Killer Jeans would be a full-price brand.”
Additional info:
https://yourstory.com/smbstory/killer-jeans-denim-mumbai

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Sai Kiran S (CSE18248)
They are known for a number of innovations in the smartphones section and for their remarkable screens. They lost the smartphone war in between but they are still a force to reckon with. They are continuing to give brave attempts like the galaxy fold which has impressed many tech enthusiasts.

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In November 2011, Samsung released the first of a series of ads that would define the company for the next three years.

It started with a bunch of hipster-looking people waiting outside a mock Apple Store for the next iPhone. As the hipsters tick down the hours until they have the right to get Apple's new iThing, they spot others on the street using something better.

The phone, Samsung's former flagship Galaxy S II, had a big screen and a 4G wireless connection, two major features that were missing from Apple's new iPhone 4S. And unlike the iPhone, you didn't have to wait around to buy a Galaxy S II. You could get it now.Advertisement

The irony was that you didn't see anyone lining up to buy a Samsung, or anything other than an iPhone, in those days. But that started to change with that first "Next Big Thing" spot. Just like Apple poked fun at Microsoft with its "I'm a Mac" campaign in the 2000s, Samsung's goal was to tap into the same strategy - a little guy taking swings at the dominant player in the industry.

By the end of 2012, Samsung's profits were up a whopping 76%, fueled by the growth of the mobile division, which suddenly became the most profitable part of Samsung. Samsung was the only company other than Apple making a profit in mobile, and it seemed to be closing in on Apple's dominance, prompting The Wall Street Journal to publish its famous " Has Apple Lost Its Cool To Samsung?" headline in January 2013.

By the time the Galaxy S4 launched in March 2013, the anticipation surrounding Samsung's products could only be rivaled by Apple. It was officially a two-horse race.

But it only took another year for things to come crashing down. Profits tumbled in 2014, even during the normally lucrative holiday season. Throughout the year, Samsung blamed increased competition in mobile for the downturn.

Now, Samsung is gearing up for its most important smartphone launch ever on March 1. The question is whether or not the Galaxy S6 will be enough to help Samsung recover from its slump, or if it will share the same fate as former kings of mobile like Nokia, BlackBerry, and Motorola.How did Samsung get so big so fast, and how did it all go so wrong? Competition from new players like Xiaomi and a renewed Apple are a big part of the equation.Advertisement

But Business Insider has also learned that corporate politics, and a rift between the company's South Korean headquarters and its suddenly successful US group, also played a role.

The birth of "Galaxy"

As the post-iPhone smartphone era began in 2008 and 2009, Samsung, along with many others, was hopelessly behind the curve. It relied mostly on carriers to sell its smartphones, but even then, there wasn't any distinct branding to separate Samsung's devices from the slew of other generic phones on the shelf. Depending on your carrier, you either got an iPhone, BlackBerry, or whatever your carrier threw in for free with a two-year contract.

By about 2009, Samsung decided it needed to come up with a new brand for its upcoming line of flagship phones designed to run Android, according to sources familiar with Samsung's plans at the time. Samsung had a revolutionary new screen technology called Super AMOLED that it at first wanted to put in someone else's device, perhaps a phone built by a major wireless carrier like Verizon. Samsung has always provided chips and displays for other manufacturers, and it wanted to license its Super AMOLED tech the same way.Advertisement

Eventually, Samsung decided to make its own high-end smartphone to compete with the iPhone, but it had no way to market it. The "Samsung" name was synonymous with cheap flip phones and really nice TVs. It was never mentioned in the same breath as Apple, BlackBerry, or Nokia. That could've set up the new device for failure before it even launched. Plus, Samsung tested its brand against Apple with consumers and learned it was barely recognizable as far as smartphones go. It needed a change.

So Samsung created a luxury sub-brand for its Android phones moving forward, the Lexus to its Toyota.

It chose Galaxy.Advertisement

In March 2010, Samsung unveiled the Galaxy S, the first in what would become its successful line of Android phones and tablets. The Galaxy S had hardware specs that rivaled the iPhone, but was also heavily criticized for copying the iPhone's software and physical appearance. That didn't seem to matter. There were hundreds of carriers in the world that still didn't offer the iPhone, and AT&T still had an exclusive on the device in the US.

Samsung made deals with wireless carriers to promote the Galaxy S in stores when it launched that June. Even better, Samsung got AT&T to agree to sell the Galaxy S, even though it was sure to be a strong rival for the iPhone.

Two-horse race

Even with the successful launch of the Galaxy S, Samsung was still behind Android rivals like HTC. Both companies were making decent phones, but neither gave customers a good reason to choose one over the other. As Samsung prepared to launch its successor to the Galaxy S, the Galaxy S II, in the spring of 2011, it also formulated a new strategy to market the device, at least in the US.Advertisement

According to sources familiar with the company's thinking at the time, Samsung's Korean executives wanted Galaxy to be the number-one smartphone brand within five years. (It ranked fifth in consumer surveys at the time.)

Under the US head of marketing Todd Pendleton and his team, Samsung was able to do it in 18 months.At first, the Korean leadership at Samsung wanted to pick off the competition one at a time, starting with HTC, then Motorola, then BlackBerry, and finally, Apple. But the US team decided on a different approach. It was going to start a war with Apple, kicking off the smartphone world's equivalent of Coke versus Pepsi.Advertisement

It was a gamble. By attacking Apple directly, Samsung risked looking petty and desperate.

But "The Next Big Thing" campaign, which was developed by the ad agency 72 And Sunny, was a massive hit. For the first time since the launch of the iPhone, someone had created the believable perception that there was something better out there.

Out-innovating Apple

With the launch of "The Next Big Thing" campaign came a lot of glowing press coverage for Samsung. There was a company out there willing to take swipes at the king of smartphones, and consumers were responding.Advertisement

And for all the criticism Samsung got along the way for copying Apple, it did prove that the world was hungry for something the iPhone didn't have yet - smartphones with giant screens.

In the fall of 2011, Samsung announced the Galaxy Note, the first so-called phablet with a 5.3-inch display. (The iPhone 4S only had a 3.5-inch screen.) Compared to most phones at the time, the Galaxy Note appeared absolutely massive. When it launched in February 2013, critics blasted the Note for being too large. The Wall Street Journal's Walt Mossberg, one of the most famous tech reviewers in the world, compared using the Note to holding a piece of toast against your ear.

Advertisement

The initial reception was so bad at first, sources say some US carriers almost didn't want to sell the Galaxy Note II the following year.

But the phone sold well outside the US, especially in Asia, and eventually Samsung was able to prove there was a market for phablets. Samsung's phones kept getting bigger and better screens, while iPhone users were stuck with tiny devices.

A real narrative began to emerge in the press: Apple was in trouble if it didn't catch up with Samsung and start offering phones with bigger screens. Many asked if Apple had lost its knack for innovation following the death of Steve Jobs, and Samsung was doing a really good job at making that theory seem plausible. Apple's stock dropped as low as about $380 from its all-time high of about $705, largely on fears that Apple didn't have a revolutionary new product up its sleeves.Advertisement

Meanwhile, Samsung continued to climb. Sources familiar with Samsung's sales at the time said its marketing of the Galaxy S line of phones had residual effects and boosted sales of Samsung's other products like washing machines and refrigerators. In fact, the US team was outperforming Samsung's headquarters in Sourh Korea, and other international offices were itching to adopt "The Next Big Thing" in their respective countries.

"The Next Big Thing" campaign was clearly a success.Unfortunately, not everyone at Samsung saw it that way.Advertisement

Missed opportunity

The success of Samsung's Mobile in the US began a rift with the Korean headquarters. Sources say the more successful Samsung was in the US, the more complicated the relationship with headquarters got. Instead of getting credit, the US team felt they were being chastised for doing their jobs well. (Samsung declined to comment on this story.)

It got so bad, a source told us, that Samsung flew a plane full of executives to the mobile division's office in Dallas for an unannounced audit that lasted three weeks in 2012. The Dallas-based employees had to go through all materials they used to sell and market Samsung's mobile products. They were accused of falsifying sales, bribing the media, and a bunch of other damaging actions that hurt morale in the office. The same US-based office that helped turn Samsung into a brand as recognizable as Apple was suddenly being punished for its work.

After three weeks, the Korean auditors found nothing wrong with the way the US office had been operating and went home. But the damage had been done, and the perception remained at the Korean headquarters that despite its success, the US team was up to no good.Advertisement

In fact, during one meeting with the global teams at Samsung's headquarters in Korea, executives made the US team stand up in front of several hundred of their peers in an auditorium. The executives told the employees to clap for the US team as encouragement since they were the only group failing the company, even though it was clear to everyone the opposite was true.

That all but killed any hope of translating what the US team pulled off to other regions. They were able to continue in North America, but Samsung's global messaging remained disjointed.

It all culminated in 2013 when Samsung introduced the Galaxy S4 at an over-the-top event at Radio City Music Hall in New York. Instead of the traditional product announcement, Samsung put on a Broadway-style musical that incorporated features of the new phone.Advertisement

It was weird, one of those things you had to see to believe. And a lot of people criticized Samsung for putting on a show that seemed to objectify women. CNET's Molly Wood called the event "tone-deaf and shockingly sexist."

Aside from the awkward unveiling, the Galaxy S4 also launched to mostly negative reviews. Samsung packed a ton of features into the phone like touch-free controls, eye tracking, and a whole suite of camera modes that were either unnecessary or didn't work as advertised. Still, the phone was Samsung's most successful ever, and 2013 was another very good year for the company.But 2014 was going to be a wakeup call.Advertisement

The rough year

At the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona last year, Samsung boasted that it had sold over 100 million units from its Galaxy S line over the last four years, a sales figure for a flagship series that only Apple could beat.

Then it unveiled the Galaxy S5, a phone that toned down a lot of the superfluous features of the Galaxy S4 while including some useful new stuff like an improved camera and water-resistant body. Like previous Galaxy S phones, the S5 had a plastic body and sold for about $650 unlocked. Based on the success of the Galaxy S4, the company had no reason to believe it had a dud on its hands.It was wrong.Advertisement

There are a lot of factors for Samsung's major slip in 2014, but the biggest culprit appears to be Chinese smartphone manufacturers. Chinese companies like the startups OnePlus and Xiaomi appeared to have perfected the magic formula for making beautiful, high-quality smartphones that cost at least half as much as the iPhone or Samsung's Galaxy S series.

Xiaomi was the biggest success story of the year. By some estimates, it was the top smartphone vendor in China, the next big market where millions of people are making the transition to smartphones. Xiaomi's phones are made out of premium materials like metal, so they look better than Samsung's phones. They also have similar specs like fast processors, sharp screens, and high-quality cameras.

Xiaomi's rise meant Samsung's decline in China. Since Xiaomi phones are also Android phones, there was very little Samsung's pricier models could do that Xiaomi's phones couldn't do. Plus, Xiaomi is a marketing success story. Fans snap up the devices with the same fervor Apple fans buy new iPhone models in Western countries. And most of Xiaomi's marketing is done through social media or word of mouth, so it doesn't have to rely on the multimillion dollar ad campaigns Samsung uses. Advertisement

But Xiaomi is just one factor. A lot of Samsung's success came because it was able to get a head start and distribute its phones on a broader scale before the rest of the non-iPhone competition could, according to tech analyst Ben Thompson, the author of the Stratechery blog.

For example, the iPhone was only available on about a third as many carriers as Samsung phones were. In the US, Samsung phones were one of your best options unless you were an AT&T customer and had access to the iPhone.

It was the same story on China Mobile, the largest wireless carrier in the world with over 700 million subscribers. Apple finally brought the iPhone to China Mobile early last year. Ever since, China has been one of Apple's biggest growth areas for the iPhone business. Everyone else seemed to be choosing Xiaomi, Lenovo, or another cheaper rival to Samsung.Advertisement

"I think it's always dangerous when you don't know why you've won," Thompson said in an interview. "One of the reasons Samsung succeeded is they pivoted in ways Nokia and others didn't. They were able to leverage everything they already had, but weren't able to sustain it because there wasn't anything special about their phones. Samsung got crushed on the high end by Apple and the low end by Xiaomi in China."

Thompson continued, "At the end of the day, there's nothing to differentiate a Samsung phone, so they'll have to compete on price."

However, that doesn't seem to be Samsung's plan.Advertisement

The new strategy

On March 1, Samsung will unveil two new versions of its next flagship phone, the Galaxy S6. According to sources familiar with Samsung's plans, one version will have a metal body, a departure from the plasticky phones the company has made in the past. The second version will have a curved screen, similar to the Galaxy Note Edge that launched last fall.

But both models are still going to priced as premium products. According to one leak, the "Edge" version of the Galaxy S6 could cost over $1,000 without a contract, at least three times the cost of a Xiaomi phone.Unless Samsung has a special trick up its sleeve on the software side, it's unlikely that its new phones will be enough to justify the extra cost over similar Android devices. And if that happens, Samsung is almost certainly up for another messy year. The glow surrounding Samsung's smartphone business has almost certainly faded for good. Time to find something new.Advertisement

However, that doesn't mean the company is hosed. Samsung is a massive organization that makes everything from dishwashers to air purifiers. It has the scale and manufacturing power to harness the next big thing after smartphones, even if that next big thing doesn't come from it's own R&D labs.

Plus, its chip business is already very profitable, and is due to get a nice boost thanks to a reported agreement with Samsung to make processors for the next iPhone due to launch later this year.

One key area Samsung is focusing on in the near term is the "internet of things" (IoT) trend, which means connecting everyday objects like light switches and toasters to the internet for a deeper level of control. At the Consumer Electronics Show in January of this year, Samsung announced that every product it makes will connect to the internet within a few years. In theory, this will build a valuable ecosystem connecting everything in your home and create a whole new category of Samsung customers.Advertisement

But in the meantime, Samsung's core mobile business is struggling.

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How Samsung won the smartphone wars - then blew it

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In November 2011, Samsung released the first of a series of ads that would define the company for the next three years. It started with a bunch of hipster-looking people waiting outside a mock Apple Store for the next iPhone.

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Abishek Vasanthan A S ( Cse18203)
Too much of functionalities(many buttons) and complicated design. The control buttons are too close and accessibility is an issue.

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Sanjith G - EIE18050

We all have that one TV remote with lot of buttons which I have no idea about what some of those buttons will do.

The main usage of TV remote is to change channels and adjust the volume. With the current design, the older people feel it difficult to find the exact buttons. And holding the remote straight to the TV on every use is also makes the task more difficult to complete.

Hence they came up with a design to make the frequently used buttons big and more visible. IR sensing was introduced for easy operation and a slider cap was designed to hide the buttons that are not frequently used and an additional voice search button is added to the remote and even remotes with touch panel were introduced.

Old remotes :

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Roll no : CSE18163

The founders of Venmo, Andrew Kortina and Iqram Magdon-Ismail, stumbled across the idea of Venmo only when they themselves encountered the problem. They took a trip to New York City, and Iqram forgot his wallet. Andrew paid for everything, and at the end of the trip, Iqram wrote him a check.

The that exchange of money, they thought to themselves "Why is this still the best way of exchanging money? Why can’t we do this on our phones?”

The Venmo founders needed to solve a problem they encountered, and built a solution where Venmo is a digital wallet where we could  share payments online through mobile  People could also benefit by not having to move to banks or visit others to share money or pay something instead all can be done through mobile.

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Ashwith N
CB.EN.U4CSE18110

Disney became an apprentice at a Kansas City commercial art studio. Itching to set off on his own, he and his older brother Roy launched their own cartoon business, Laugh-O-Gram Studios, in 1920, but the company went bankrupt a couple of years later.
With the loss of his first business, Disney packed his bags and took off to Los Angeles to try his hand at acting. But he failed at that, too.
Disney found his first major success with the creation of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit.
Oswald was plenty lucky, becoming a huge star in one-reel animation, but Disney himself would find his luck had run out.
His producer had taken his team of animators from under him and that he no longer had any legal rights to Oswald the Lucky Rabbit.

It was on the train ride back to California that he created Mickey Mouse. But it was a failure in the beginning because of lack of innovation and the mindset with the Lucky Rabbit which was pacing towards success on the other hand.

Disney had a nervous breakdown after creating Mickey Mouse.
He finally brought Mickey Mouse to life on film starting in the late 1920s and earned his way back to the top of his industry. But it wasn't easy. Bankers rejected the concept of his famous mouse over 300 times before one said yes because they feared that they would face a great loss if they invest on him when the Lucky Rabbit was still stealing peoples heart.
Even with the success of Mickey Mouse, Disney still faced challenges in keeping his business afloat. Not only was he overworked, but tensions with his employer — who eventually stole his longtime and best animator from him — led to Disney having a nervous breakdown.
Finally Disney returned with a bold new idea: He would develop a full-length animation feature, which he'd call Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). It would become a huge success at the box office, yet the films that followed — Pinocchio (1940), Fantasia (1940) and Bambi (1942) — would end up being duds.
With the success of TV shows like The Mickey Mouse Club and Davy Crockett, Disney was able to harness enough capital to launch his biggest venture yet: Disneyland.
People loved Mickey Mouse because the founder played a psychology in this so called character.
1.)Mickey Mouse has a style for the ages which looked iconic.
2.)He’s the quintessential symbol of childhood, entertaining us in his cartoons and welcoming our families to his theme parks, and even inspiring us to use our imaginations.
3.)With an imagination that bold and beautiful, it’s no wonder that Mickey symbolizes the creativity of Disney.
4.)He’s a mouse-ter of all trades.
5.)He’s a romantic at heart.
6.)We can see ourselves in Mickey’s adventures and acknowledge our own potential through Mickey’s own achievements—he represents all of us when we watch his cartoons.
Disneyland became a colossal success, clearing out his financial debts, and to this day, operates as an integral part of his business empire.
Walt Disney's boyish enthusiasm was infectious, as was his desire to create a world that existed for one reason: to make people happy.

Source:
https://www.biography.com/news/walt-disney-failures

https://www.careerhound.org/2016/08/top-10-how-walt-disney-overcame-failure-and-disappointment-to-achieve-world-wide-success.html

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New Coke (A.Sai Tharun - CB.EN.U4CSE18250)

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New Coke (A.Sai Tharun - CB.EN.U4CSE18250)

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Coke in 1985, threatened by the rising Pepsi, decided to reformulate its famous beverage thereby creating a sweeter product and named it the 'New Coke' which was a market failure, thereby leading itself to a disaster and giving us a case study to learn from.

Coke did not take this decision without prior planning, in fact it spent millions on this product to see if it would work out but the only factor it missed out was to ask and consider the opinion of the general public who were the actual consumers of the products, instead of just relying on the results based on experiments conducted in their labs.

The fact missed by Coke was that consumers had associated the unique taste of Coke to the brand and thus associated the drink and its uniqueness with the brand. So when the taste was changed, this feeling was directly hit thereby making the public lose the association and feel outraged.
Another mistake that Coke did was it scrapped the old original Coke few days after the 'New Coke' was launched in the market. The public weren't asked of their opinion on this one too, which costed the company heavily since there were people who loved the taste of the old original coke. They felt as if the company was forcing the 'New Coke' on them which caused them to rebel back. There were widespread boycott of the 'New Coke' and the company was forced to bring back the original old Coke back into the market after 77 days, which it did under the new name of 'Coca-Cola Classic'.

Coke could have avoided this mistake had it tested the new product on real consumers in real life and took the feedback of the consumers, using that data to make informed decisions about the new product.

Thus it remains as a important case study in understanding the importance of considering the end user and their feedback in designing and deploying a product.

Thank You.

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New Coke (A.Sai Tharun - CB.EN.U4CSE18250)

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New Coke (A.Sai Tharun - CB.EN.U4CSE18250)

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Coke in 1985, threatened by Pepsi, decided to reformulate its famous beverage, to create a sweeter product thereby creating a disaster for itself and giving us a valuable case study to learn from.

Coke didn't release the new product just like that without proper planning, actually millions of dollars were invested into its research and was tested before it publicly released it.
One of the mistake the company committed was not to take the opinion and suggestions of the public who were actually the consumers of the product. They based their entire idea on the experiments performed in their labs.
The public actually linked the taste of the old coke and the brand thus associating the brand with the product, its taste and uniqueness. The new taste thus wasn't well received.

Another mistake of Coke was to stop selling its old original product few weeks after the launch of the new product which too wasn't received well by the people who happened to love the taste of the original coke, they felt as if the company was forcing the new product onto them, which is another mistake of the company not asking its customers opinion and views before launching the new product.

The result was a mass-spread boycott of the new product and dissent by its consumers thus forcing the company to relaunch its original product 77 days later in the new name of 'Coca-Cola Classic' and taking back the 'New Coke' product from the market.

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New Coke (A.Sai Tharun - CB.EN.U4CSE18250)

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New Coke (A.Sai Tharun - CB.EN.U4CSE18250)

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Coke in 1985 threatened by the strong opposition it faced from Pepsi decided to change the ingredients in its trademark brevarage

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Founder ;Vijay Shekhar Sharma

The company grew when it gave value to its customers in terms of internet wallet services, 24 x 7 customer care services which created trust among the people. The immediate response to the customer complaints made up build the company better. The idea required trust which Vijay finally won coming up on the market.
https://www.startupurban.com/success-story-vijay-shekhar-sharma-founder-paytm/

- ( Sherin MK)

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USB type c cable that replaces USB type b 

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USB type c cable that replaces USB type b 

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Rithik.P

There is a physically noticeable difference in the micro USB and USB type C.

The micro USB contains hooks on one side and can only be entered into a device in a specific way.

The type C is slightly bigger in size and doesn’t have any hooks on its sides.

This allows it to enter into a device any way you put it in.

Type C takes advantage of USB 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 allowing you to transfer data at speeds of 5 to 20Gbps.

When it comes to charging, it can deliver up to 100W of power. Type C is designed as a one-size-fits-all to allow it to replace connector cables in smartphones, game controllers, HDMI, cameras, laptops, or any other devices.

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The difference between Micro USB and can be detected mainly through functionality and some minor aspects of the physical construction.

This is a move away from the much popular industrial standard Micro USB or type B.

To simplify all this, your Android phone or Bluetooth speaker has a USB cable.

One end of the cable has standard USB type A that fits into a laptop and the other end contains another USB which is smaller in size that fits into your phone or speaker. That is what is referred to as a micro USB or USB Type B.

Most laptops created today carry at least one USB 3.0 that allows faster data transfer and provide the most popular USB 2.0 in other positions.

This side that fits into your phone has always been the micro USB (type B) and has been upgraded to the Type C for some devices.

To be more specific, the end of your USB cable that fits into your phone is called the Type B male and where it enters on your device is called the Type B female.

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The micro USB contains hooks on one side and can only be entered into a device in a specific way.

The type C is slightly bigger in size and doesn't have any hooks on its sides.

Type C takes advantage of USB 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 allowing you to transfer data at speeds of 5 to 20Gbps.

When it comes to charging, it can deliver up to 100W of power. Type C is designed as a one-size-fits-all to allow it to replace connector cables in smartphones, game controllers, , cameras, laptops, or any other devices.

More on Tech:
How to download all your Instagram photos, videos and stories How to tell if you have a virus on your Android

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What's the difference between Micro USB and USB type C? - SautiTech

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The difference between Micro USB and USB type C can be detected mainly through functionality and some minor aspects of the physical construction. Most manufacturers have today moved into production of the USB type C for their devices. This is a move away from the much popular industrial standard Micro USB or type B.

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vishal jaishankar

The story behind the invention of potato chips is that George crum was a chef at a resort and one day he encountered a customer who ordered for french fries and when served, he claimed that it was "too thick". The chef made a thinner batch and yet the customer wasn't satisfied. so he chopped the potatoes too thin and deep fried it and the customer loved it and that was the first ever batch of potato chips !
https://www.enchantedlearning.com/inventors/page/p/potatochip.shtml

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In 1979 Sony has invented first portable music player. Portable music player was very useful product as people can listen to the music anywhere and they can carry it easily anywhere they go. The design of the portable music player has the advantages to fulfill the customer requirements. Here is the link to know about the design of the first portable music player.

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When Sony introduced the first Walkman in 1979, the portable, if clunky, cassette player was a total gamechanger. It freed music lovers around the world from the shackles of only being able to listen to their favorite tunes at home or while driving a car and brought music everywhere. Much to the disdain of some people that saw the Walkman as "a potent symbol of an antisocial electronic future" and "worried about the fate of humanity".

More than 40 years later, people are used to listening to music (or podcasts - welcome to the 21st century) wherever they go. And critics of recent innovations such as Apple's AirPods bring forward the same arguments as ever, claiming that listening to music while roaming the earth is in fact antisocial, dangerous and overall obnoxious.

Thanks to smartphones, streaming services and wireless headphones, music is now more portable than ever. The following chart shows several milestones on the journey that started with the first Walkman in 1979 and seems to be nearly completed in 2020: the total liberation of music.

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Infographic: The History of Portable Music

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When Sony introduced the first Walkman in 1979, the portable, if clunky, cassette player was a total gamechanger. It freed music lovers around the world from the shackles of only being able to listen to their favorite tunes at home or while driving a car and brought music everywhere.

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Before 2016  there were money transfers or payment only through net banking and withdraw money from  ATMs but now a days we use google play ,phone pay ,amazon pay etc. This UPI transaction made people to use their money even more securely ,because for every transaction you have a receipt generated and UPI pin or OTP  based transaction even if the amount is 10 rupees. This is an Human centered design which made money transactions easier and faster to cope up this fast moving world.  The pilot launch was on 11th April 2016 by Dr. Raghuram G Rajan, Governor, RBI at Mumbai. Banks have started to upload their UPI enabled Apps on Google Play store from 25th August, 2016 onwards. IT is unique because

Immediate money transfer through mobile device round the clock 24*7 and 365 days.

Single mobile application for accessing different bank accounts.

Best answer to Cash on Delivery hassle, running to an ATM or rendering exact amount.

Utility Bill Payments, Over the Counter Payments, Barcode (Scan and Pay) based payments.

Raising Complaint from Mobile App directly.

I have included the official link which gives a clear view on UPI transactions.
https://www.npci.org.in/product-overview/upi-product-overview#:~:text=Unified%20Payments%20Interface%20(UPI)&text=The%20pilot%20launch%20was%20on,from%2025th%20August%2C%202016%20onwards.

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Beats
Brand Story: Beats says it brings the energy, emotion and excitement of playback in the recording studio back to the listening experience and it has introduced a new generation to the possibilities of premium sound entertainment.

In a Nutshell: Beats By Dre

Measure of Success: Apple acquired Beats in 2014 for $3 billion.

Why it Works: The visible founder, Dr. Dre himself, tackled the problem of subpar headphones and, as a result, redefined the way consumers listen to music and found an incredible market, including no shortage of celebrity clientele.

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CB.EN.U4EIE18001
Abishek.T
Finding a bottle opener is the hardest thing when you are in part mood. Ring pull bottle cap is a boon because it saves a lot of last-minute hustle to find a bottle opener. The problem was, concealed bottles are hard to open. It needs an external bottle opener to open the bottle cap. So,
RING PULL CAP was designed by

Finn-Korkki Oy and the company have been producing many different kinds of bottle caps around the world over the past 35 years.

https://www.finn-korkki.com/en/company/history

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Hello guys!
So here is an inspiring story of three engineering who came up with one of the most famous and renowned bus ticket booking agency.
The link to the story is attached below.
https://business.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/oct/19/slide-show-1-the-amazing-success-story-of-redbus.htm

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~ S Sharan [ECE18154]
Nowadays almost all products are designed human centric. And I find mobile phones to be the most common example.
They have evolved form being as heavy and bulky as a brick to the size of a simple notepad. Not only have they become lighter and easy to carry around they have also packed with newer and newer features.
The primitive mobile phones were only used for calling but they have been constantly modified and upgraded to keep up with the human needs.
We have reached a level of advancement where the mobile phone has replaced letters, telephones, maps, FM, cameras, music players, notepads, wallets.
This advancement was possible only because of HCD. In the present day mobile phones have become our daily companion.

This is a timeline that shows the evolution of mobile phones :
•>https://flauntdigital.com/blog/evolution-mobile-phones/
•>https://www.tigermobiles.com/evolution/#eighthPhone

This is a pic of the oldest phone in the house and the one I use.😜

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- Senthil Nathan (CB.EN.U4EIE18052)
The word canning means preserving food. Ball Corporation is an American company and it's the worlds leading provider of food packages such as glass jars, lids etc.. which are used for home canning. Canning was practiced
by our ancestors in the past and now the millennials are looking for ways to save money and preserve food.
So Ball Corporation combined with Altitude to create first ever automated System of home canning appliance.
So Altitude went around and target Ball's millennial customers and found out that people have interest
in canning but are afraid of reasons such as unease about the process, inconvenience involved and as mentioned before canning is something that our ancestors had practiced but now people have doubts over whether that is harmful for the family or the whether the way they are doing is right. Finally the product they came up with had the perfect mix of tradition as well as technology. Pre-programmed routines control time and
temperature, so the customers don't have to stand next to it and waste their time, they can be confident that after pressing a button machine would do its work perfectly. This product reached Ball's goal of bringing the art of home canning which was passed down by our ancestors to the millennials.
Link :
https://www.altitudeinc.com/casestudy/ball-canning/

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Ball Automatic Home Canning System

Awards

Bronze Edison Award

Capabilities Used

Strategy

Industrial Design

Engineering

Ball Canning turned to Altitude to help interest a new generation in the art of canning fruits and vegetables. We helped the company create a dynamic new device to automate the process, taking out the fear and guesswork of canning while maintaining the connection to previous generations.

The FreshTECH system connects to customers' love of food and fondness for canning, while taking the guesswork, fear, and time out of the process.

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For more than a century, Ball Canning has been making its iconic jars and durable goods for canning. During the recent economic downturn, the company saw an opportunity to capitalize on the renewed interest in canning by Millennials, who were exploring it both as a way to save money and to preserve fresh and healthy food. To take advantage of this trend, Ball partnered with Altitude to create the first ever automated home canning appliance. The FreshTECH system is a disruptive innovation that has modernized and mainstreamed one of the oldest cooking techniques and created a profitable consumable/durable system for a company that had only made consumables for over one hundred years.

We began our process by seeking to understand the people our client aimed to serve: a new generation of canners. Through our consumer research program, we uncovered that while many consumers possess a significant interest in canning, they have two problems with it: a deep unease about the process and a dislike for the inconvenience involved. Many people have grown up with a parent or grandparent who canned and have deep emotional attachments to the process, but the fear of doing it wrong is an insurmountable barrier. Could I make my children sick? Do the jars need to be sterilized? Don't those pressure cookers explode sometimes? As for inconvenience, canning requires significant "attended time," where the user is watching over the process to make sure nothing goes wrong, but he or she is not actively cooking - resulting in the better part of a day wasted hanging around the stove.

The design of the FreshTECH system, carefully balances nostalgia with modern technology - connecting to customers' love of food and fondness for canning, while taking the guesswork, fear, and time out of the process. Pre-programmed routines control time and temperature - providing cooks the freedom to go about their daily tasks while the appliance takes care of most of the work. It's as simple as pressing a button for jam or pickles and the machine does the rest. Consumers are relieved of the guesswork and time wasted standing over a hot stove. A tightly sealed outer shell, which remains cool to the touch, alleviates safety concerns, allowing consumers to feel confident their food is safe while watching an automated canning process performed by a trusted brand. And finally, the iconic Ball jar is preserved at the center of the device, to maintain the connection with previous generations of family members who canned.

The home canning system has become the anchor product of Ball's new FreshTECH line, which has expanded to other appliances for use in different canning processes. The product has also allowed Ball Canning to target new, higher-value channels; the FreshTECH canning system debuted in upscale housewares stores such as Williams Sonoma, selling at a $300 price point. Additionally, Ball Canning now has a profitable consumable/durable product line, creating a valuable system to keep the consumer engaged with their brand from multiple touchpoints. The FreshTECH home canning system has fulfilled Ball's goal of appealing to a new generation of consumers desiring to follow in their grandparents' footsteps and preserve the art of canning along with their fresh fruits and vegetables.

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Engineering Solutions: Ball Automatic Home Canning System | Altitude

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Ball Automatic Home Canning System Awards Bronze Edison Award Capabilities Used Strategy Industrial Design Engineering Ball Canning turned to Altitude to help interest a new generation in the art of canning fruits and vegetables. We helped the company create a dynamic new device to automate the process, taking out the fear and guesswork of canning while maintaining the connection to previous generations.

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B.Rishitha
CB.EN.U4EEE18044

A desk lamp is a very portable task light that sits on a table or desk. Desk lamp provides illumination of accomplishing tasks like computer work, writing, reading, drafting, crafting, book keeping, sewing, knitting and painting. Desk lamp provide adjustable illumination to ensure task visibility and ergonomic comfort. These are designed in a very great manner which gives proper lightning, adjustable height and safety measures like without burning, can for long period and without being noisy.

https://looneylumens.com/how-does-a-desk-lamp-work/#:~:text=Back%20in%20the%20early%201900s,lamp%20with%20a%20directional%20arm.

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KOUSIK K
CB.EN.U4CSE18033

Facebook used to exist as a campus exclusive only for exclusive students

What Zuckerberg did is take the name from it and made it available for all

Mark Zuckerberg’s interest in computers began at the age of 12, when he created a messaging program named ‘Zucknet’ that helped his father and family to communicate. He also created computer games with his friends for fun. Quite a prodigy, in high school, he created an early version of the music software Pandora, which he called Synapse, that evoked interest from several companies such as AOL and Microsoft. At Harvard, Zuckerberg established himself as the go-to software developer on campus. He built a program called CourseMatch, which helped students choose their classes based on the course selections of other users. He also invented Facemash, which compared the pictures of two students on campus and allowed users to vote on which one was more attractive. These programmes were hugely popular and laid the seeds of Facebook.

Facebook, which ran out of a dorm room at Harvard until June 2004, allowed users to create profiles, upload photos, and communicate with other users. So massive was the response to this site that by the end of 2004, it had 1 million users and Zuckerberg dropped out of college to devote himself completely to Facebook. He also moved the company to Pao Alto, California.

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Steelcase is a prominent office furniture designer and manufacturer. They claim that their “furniture is inspired by innovative research in workspace design”. What they call the Node Chair has clever features like a comfortable, ergonomic design and a large storage area under the seat for backpacks. Whether you are a student or attending a hands on conference or training session, chances are you have a bag and a chair. Normally when you reorganize the chairs to meet in groups, bags get left behind causing inconvenience and even anxiety. Including storage under the chair lets you draw your chair and your baggage along together and keeps the space between chairs free of tripping hazards. The chairs even roll and swivel for easier group collaboration and reorganization.
These differences in design from standard tablet chairs stem from a careful observation of how people use chairs. A problem like “what do I do with my bag” may not come up with direct interviews of people when asked what they want from a chair. You’d only notice the problem if you watched a whole class progress.
Observation is the clearest path to identifying the need for storage. The designers empathized with the users.

https://designthinkingtoronto.com/2019/02/human-centred-design-the-node-chair/

GOWTAMI RAMESH

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Aditya Narayan. S
CB.EN.U4ECE18203

Walt Disney was one of the first individuals to understand the importance of Human centered design. Every success of his has a failure behind it. Most of us would give up right after the failure part, but this man taught us the importance of pushing forward. He showed us that every pitfall, trauma, horrible event could be a stepping stone to a bright future. A degree of unhappiness in life can be beneficial and can signal a need to change the course of life. He learnt from his mistakes, understood what the audience wants and always tried out new things. The following link has a detailed description of how he turned every single failure into a success in his life and the main reason behind this success story is his policy of giving the audience what they want.

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The Success Story Of Walt Disney- The Man Who Pursued 'Unhappiness'

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In 1919, Walt Disney, aged 18, joined Pesmen-Rubin Commercial art studio as a commercial artist. He earned enough money to afford fashionable clothes, meals at nice restaurants and night trips to movie houses. Life was going well. Then the depression struck the country. In 1921, Pesmen-Rubin's revenue declined and Walt Disney was laid off.

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Splendor was an evergreen motorcycle of the Hero and Honda which was launched in 2004.The bike was powered by the 97.22cc engine which produces a peak power of 7.4 bhp.
It had simple design and decent look.
This bike made the Indian customers switch from scooters to bikes.
The low ownership cost and the high fuel efficiency are the reasons that this bike took off so well.
I remember sitting on the fuel tank of the bike and traveling with my father when I was a kid...
Still my father  used to say that it can go for weeks after a single refueling of the tank .
Till this date splendor is a bike that a middle class man can easily afford.
But now the old model splendor's production has been stopped and new models are coming in..  -NARESH VISWARAJ M
(cb.en.u4mee18041)

# data[].attributes.body
At present, Spotify is the Outright best music streaming app.
Because it is user-friendly. Mobile music streaming apps have turned into a highly competitive business, but Spotify jumped to an early lead and has retained its place at the mantle ever since the year of 2008. Starting off as an independent Swedish music streaming platform, Spotify was one of the first music streaming apps of its kind to offer users access to a large catalogue of music in just a few clicks.
https://blog.experientia.com/the-story-of-spotify-personas/
https://thisisglance.com/why-spotify-is-the-outright-best-music-streaming-app/

G Krishna Teja
ECE18024

# data[].attributes.body
-   Karan.T
-   CB.EN.U4CSE18124
When his people where dying because of flood, Rajendra Chola
consulted his ministers. The ministers advised by helping him to meet the people suffering. Then Raja Raja Chola came up with a plan. It was to build tall temples with rice on the top so that people on times of flood can stay safe in the tall temples with the food available in it.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangaikonda_Cholapuram

# data[].attributes.headline
EVOLUTION OF IPOD FROM MUSIC PLAYER (R.V.KUMARAGURU)

# data[].attributes.subject
EVOLUTION OF IPOD FROM MUSIC PLAYER (R.V.KUMARAGURU)

# data[].attributes.body
Portable music players are introduced in 1997 from that time manufacturers tried to include more and more functionalities to music players. This results in abandoning the user experience of these devices.
PROBLEMS- Inaccessible buttons, two much features and increased complexity, difficulty in carrying it.
SOLUTIONS REDESIGNED- simple and accessible buttons , comes with a clip , reduced complexity with sleek design.(CIE18016)
https://uxdesign.cc/human-centered-design-explained-with-examples-707133acf8b4

# data[].attributes.body
(Balaji D cse18008)
3M, the company formerly-known-as Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing has an incredible innovation story that involves Richard Drew, a young engineer that joined the company around 1921.

When joining 3M, Richard spent some time visiting the local auto shops to test various kinds of sandpaper. During his visits, he realized one of the pains at the time was the two-tone paint job since workers had to mask off parts with newspapers and homemade glue, which generated a lot of rework.

He also realized that 3M’s sandpaper was using a sticky surface to which the minerals would be applied. Then, he started to create his own tape and in around 2 years he found a recipe of glue and glycerin applied to a thin paper that produced a tape that stuck to its surface but still peeled off easily and did not damage the paint.

Since his boss could not see the potential of his creation, he invested in and built a machine for mass production. Once his boss found out what Drew had achieved, he rewarded him for his tenacity by establishing a new managerial mandate at 3M. As a result, “Scotch Masking Tape” was an instant success and immediately changed the way paint jobs of all sorts were completed.

# data[].attributes.headline
Viome: Eliminating Disease Through Personalized Diets

# data[].attributes.subject
Viome: Eliminating Disease Through Personalized Diets

# data[].attributes.body
CB.EN.U4CSE18443
POTTI SHANMUKA  ABHINAY
Silicon Valley veteran Naveen Jain founded Viome in 2016. Viome's mission is to help people better understand which diet is best for their health.
Although there are countless diets, advice on healthy nutrition is often conflicting. Viome changes that by analyzing the bacteria and chemicals contained in the gut. In this way, the company is able to suggest a tailored diet that is likely to lead to increased health. The science behind the method is relatively new, but, the company bases its technology on a range of academic studies .

Viome is currently available for $299 in the U.S., Canada & the United Kingdom. Customers receive access to a mobile app as well as an annual in-home test kit. The customer receives their test results and dietary advice in the mobile app.

The most important thing he followed is to talked to people about the things they do follow daily(both to the diseased people and healthy people) he then had a special research about nutrition and used problem solving and solved this problem.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Indian taxi hailing industry is valued to be close to $10 billion. A lucrative and relatively untapped market such as this is bound to attract a lot of attention from entrepreneurs in India and around the world. Capitalising on this opportunity, Bhavish Aggarwal and Ankit Bhati launched India's very own cab hailing startup, Ola.

The idea behind Ola came to Bhavish Aggarwal after he found himself stranded in the middle of the road on his way to Bandipur from Bangalore. Bhavish's cab driver stopped the car in the middle of the journey and demanded a renegotiation of what Bhavish was paying and then proceeded to abandon him by the side of the road. Understanding the plight of travellers everywhere, he saw the amount of potential that an extraordinary cab booking service could have in this country. In 2010, he changed his business model from a holiday and tour planning company to a taxi hailing firm.

Joined by his co founder Ankit Bhati, Ola was launched in December 2010 as Ola Cabs. The taxi aggregator efficiently bridges the gap between cab owners and commuters adding a touch of technology to make lives and transportation easier. The company partners with drivers and cab owners to offer a variety of cab services to commuters across India. Leveraging the best of technology and building innovative solutions, the company expanded to reach 50+ cities by 2015. Serving 200,000 rides per day, which roughly translated to 6 million riders per month, the taxi hailing startup grew at a rate of over 40%.

However, the Ola journey was not as smooth as booking a cab on the app. In 2012, both the founders got a wake up call in the form of a website outage. Ankit Bhati, the Chief Technology Officer, who was in Bangalore at the time had to stay on call the entire night with the one man technology team in Mumbai to solve the issue. But that did not stop the duo. They shifted base from Mumbai to Bangalore and launched their mobile app, stepping up their game. The first version of the app, however, was a one touch destination for booking cabs.

Further, in 2015, the company also launched Ola Fleet, a cab lending arm, which operates as a subsidiary of ANI Technologies Pvt., Ltd., Ola's parent company. By September 2015, the company was valued at $5 billion. In 2016, the company launched another flagship service Ola Play which became the world's first connected car platform, transforming the commuting experiences and setting the tone for global innovation in this space. By the end of the year, started facing competition from Uber and another homegrown company TaxiForSure. Nevertheless, Ola persevered. The startup acquired TaxiForSure, launched another flagship service Ola Auto and continues to battle against Uber to become the majority shareholder of the market.

Currently, the company offers 11 services in over 106 cities and also launched its services in Australia. The company is backed by international venture capital firms like SoftBank, Tencent, Microsoft and eBay among others. According to latest reports, Ola is in talks with Singapore sovereign fund Temasek, to raise $1 billion in fresh funding. As of November last year, Ola is expected to be valued at close to Rs. 23,112 crores or $3.46 billion.

Bhavish Aggarwal's journey from almost beginning a tourism company to establishing India's biggest taxi hailing startup looks like a dream of every aspiring entrepreneur in the country. If anything, Ankit Bhati and Bhavish Aggarwal's story is proof that anything is possible if you have the will and the determination to start your journey. Two IIT B-Tech graduates who started their careers in Microsoft and other startups have acquired 3 startups till date and raised more than $350 million from existing as well as new investors. The success story of Ola is the motivation everyone needs to book your next ride and start your own journey.

Elon Musk is perhaps the boldest business leader, thinker and entrepreneur of this generation. Elon Musk dabbled in multiple ventures over the years and most of them might seem like they are straight out of a storybook. Elon Musk's perseverance to achieve his dreams have paid off and he now owns several highly successful companies. Elon's ambitions are bold as he is determined to send humans to Mars, offer highly subsidised or free internet to the world and develop the world's fastest mode of transportation with his ventures.

We give you six innovations conceived by Elon Musk which prove he is a true visionary.

1) Tesla

Tesla is a car manufacturing firm which mainly focuses on cars which run on electricity powered by batteries. The company name Tesla, is a tribute to Nikola Tesla who was an electrical engineer. Elon Musk's Tesla pioneered the concept that electric cars can look and feel like premium cars as well as powering their vehicles with powerful artificial intelligence which lets its drivers to sit back and relax while the autopilot does the driving. Tesla cars are only sold online as Elon Musk believes a traditional dealership will have conflict of interests while selling electric vehicles. Tesla is the first automaker that sells cars directly to consumers while the rest use independently owned dealerships.

2) SpaceX

Space X is perhaps the most ambitious undertaking by Elon Musk as he believes colonising Mars is the future of humankind. SpaceX is also short for space exploration and has drastically reduced the costs of undertaking space missions as Elon Musk figured out a way to reuse the rockets. Unlike most rockets, which are expendable launch systems, since the introduction of the Full Thrust version, Space X's Falcon 9 is partially reusable, with the first stage capable of re entering the atmosphere and landing vertically after separating from the second stage. This feat was achieved for the first time by SpaceX in December 2015. A 2011 NASA report "estimated that it would have cost the agency about US $ 4 billion to develop a rocket like the Falcon 9 booster based upon NASA's traditional contracting processes while "a more 'commercial development' approach might have allowed the agency to pay only US $ 1.7 billion (sic.)"

3) Hyperloop

Hyperloop aims to be the provider of the fastest mode of transportation on the planet. Hyperloop is a sealed tube or system of tubes with low air pressure through which a pod may travel substantially free of air resistance or friction. The Hyperloop could convey people or objects at airline or hypersonic speeds while being very energy efficient. In aerodynamics, a hypersonic speed is one that greatly exceeds the speed of sound, often stated as starting at speeds of Mach 5 and above. Mach 1 is the speed of sound which is 1234 kmph. The Hyperloop Genesis paper conceived of a hyperloop system that would propel passengers along the 350-mile (560 km) route at a speed of 760 mph (1,200 km/h), allowing for a travel time of 35 minutes, which is considerably faster than current rail or air travel times.

ALSO READ: Five Interesting Facts About Elon Musk's SpaceX

4) Starlink

Starlink is a satellite constellation being constructed by SpaceX to provide satellite Internet access. The constellation will consist of thousands of mass produced small satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO,) working in combination with ground transceivers. SpaceX intends to provide satellite internet connectivity to underdeveloped areas of the planet, as well as provide competitively priced service to urban areas.

5) Boring company

The Boring Company is a tunnel services company and Elon Musk cited difficulty with Los Angeles traffic and limitations with the current two dimensional transportation network as his early inspiration for the project. Musk claims the tunnel trip will take five minutes, compared to above ground driving which takes 45 minutes in normal traffic to go from LAX to Westwood. These trips were planned to be implemented by placing a car on an electric sled and traveling at 120 miles per hour (200 km/h) through tunnels.

6) Neuralink

Neuralink is a neurotechnology company founded by Elon Musk for developing implantable brain machine interfaces. Neuralink announced it was working on a "sewing machine like" device capable of implanting very thin (4 to 6 μm in width) threads into the brain, and demonstrated a system that read information from a lab rat via 1,500 electrodes. The company is centered on creating devices that can be implanted in the human brain, with the eventual purpose of helping human beings merge with software and keep pace with advancements in artificial intelligence. These enhancements could improve memory or allow more direct interfacing with computing devices at broadband speeds.

While some of the companies and their vision might seem far fetched, Elon Musk is adamant on making them a reality. Elon Musk and SpaceX successfully made history as being the first private organization to transport astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS.) The entire operation from launch to docking at the ISS has been live streamed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and was watched by millions from all over the world. Neuralink's progress was displayed recently as a pig named Gertrude had a chip implanted in her brain which tracked her neural activity and was publicly displayed to everyone.

We at Startup Stories hope Elon Musk will continue to push the boundaries of science and imagination for as long as he can and make an indelible impact on humanity.

India as a nation has a preference for choosing a two wheeler over a four wheeler. It is quite easy to see the Indian roads packed with motorcycles and mopeds zipping away and snaking their way through the notorious Indian traffic. Almost every household has some form of a two wheeler at home which they use for travelling with whole families . The entire two wheeler market segment is flooded with gearless mopeds like Activa, Jupiter and budget geared vehicles like Passion, Splendor and Victor. There is a vehicle for every economic requirement in India.

The Indian market is majorly ruled by Honda, Bajaj and TVS all of which have a plethora of models available for the market. Let us take a look at the story of TVS Motors, a true Indian company which makes vehicles for the Indian sensibilities.

Beginnings:

T.V. Sundaram Iyengar began with Madurai's first bus service in 1911 and founded T.V.S., a company in the transportation business with a large fleet of trucks and buses under the name of Southern Roadways. This is also the first company to run buses in Delhi and with their large number of buses, TVS quickly began to rule the transportation market in Delhi. After the death of Sundaram Iyenger in 1955, his sons took over the business.

Sundaram Clayton:

In 1962, Sundaram Clayton came into existence. This company was a collaboration of the Sundaram company and Clayton Dewandre Holdings of the United Kingdom. Sundaram Clayton started making products like motors, bike brakes, compressors and other automotive products. For about a decade, the company was engaged in the same work , they were manufacturing automotive products.

In 1978, they set up a plant to manufacture mopeds at Hosur, Tamil Nadu. They began with TVS50 which was also India's first two seater moped. Sundaram Clayton then entered into a collaboration with Japan's Suzuki Limited as a joint venture in 1987. TVS and Suzuki shared a one year long relationship that was aimed at technology transfer for design and manufacture of two wheelers specifically for the Indian market. TVS Suzuki introduced many models such as the Suzuki Supra, Suzuki Samurai, Suzuki Shogun and Suzuki Shaolin.

After a fruitful relationship, the collaboration finally came to an end in 2001 following which TVS signed a moratorium for 30 months during which Suzuki promised not to enter the Indian market with competing two wheelers. TVS was then renamed to TVS motors.

Recent Past

TVS Motors entered the racing bike category with the Apache model and the budget and mileage friendly segment with the Jupiter series. In early 2015, TVS Racing became the first Indian factory team to take part in the Dakar Rally, the world's longest and most dangerous rally. TVS Racing partnered with the French motorcycle manufacturer Sherco, and named the team Sherco TVS Rally Factory Team.

In 2016 TVS started manufacturing the BMW G310R, a model co developed with BMW Motorrad after their strategic partnership in April 2013.

TVS Motors also has a list of firsts in India which is to be the first to indigenously produce a four stroke motorcycle. The list of firsts from the firm include: India's first 2 seater moped - TVS 50, India's first Digital Ignition with the TVS Champ, India's first fully indigenous motorcycle - Victor, and the first Indian company to launch ABS in a motorcycle with the Apache RTR Series.

TVS Motors is currently the third largest motorcycle company in India with a revenue of Rs. 20,000 crores. With a strong history and a proven track record for innovation and its commitment to making the lives of Indians better, TVS Motors will only look forward to releasing more models into the market and become the market leader in India.

If you could travel six months back in time and tell yourself how the world would look now, you might have dismissed it as a hoax. The world changed suddenly when the COVID-19 virus broke out and started spreading across the world. The virus which manifests in the form of a flu before attacking the respiratory system currently has no vaccine. This forced governments across the world and India included, to enforce a strict mandatory nationwide lockdown.

The lockdown was initially announced in India for just three weeks and many businesses and startups never expected it to go beyond a month. However, the lockdown is still continuing albeit with a few relaxations, but many industries continue to be badly affected by it as they saw zero revenue in the last three months. Many organisations and businesses have made the shift to remote work as their offices remain to be closed for fear of contracting the COVID-19 virus.

As software companies continue to declare work from home for the foreseeable future, many employees are looking to return back home from technology hubs like Bengaluru and Hyderabad so as to save money on huge rents in the metropolitan cities considering their offices are not opening anytime soon.

ALSO READ: How The Events Industry Is Impacted By The COVID-19 Pandemic

This is where a unique concept where companies offering storage spaces for long term rent is seeing a huge spurt in demand. As software employees in Bengaluru are slowly vacating their accommodations to move back home in order to save on rental expenses, they have no place to store their personal belongings. Firms like SafeStorage, Storagians, StowNest Storage and MyRaksha, which provide the service (storage for rent,) have seen a spike in clients and quotation requests. Even some gyms and restaurants, both of which are yet to reopen completely, are offering their facilities for storage in order to reduce their own rental expenses.

ALSO READ: How The COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Startup Investments And IPOs In 2020

These storage firms offer facilities like pickup services, CCTV monitoring and individual locker facilities apart from providing insurance coverage against theft, natural calamities and fire. Ramesh Madisetty, co founder of SafeStorage, says "We have 13 warehouses with 1.16 lakh sq ft space in Bengaluru. We have signed up for another 27,000 sq ft facility near Whitefield. There is a 10x jump in enquiries due to Covid-19 , from 30 to 300 now (sic.)"

Another company named Storagians, w hich offers storage for rent in Bengaluru has already run out of storage space and are having to turn away customer requests. Prasanna Kumar, founder of Storagians says "Unfortunately, we are turning down customers' requests due to the non availability of slots sic.)"

The average monthly rent is based on the volume of goods. While goods accommodated in 1BHK are charged a monthly rental of Rs. 2,500-3,500 and it will be Rs. 4,500-5,000 for 2BHK. As more and more enterprising people are embracing this concept, many others are racing against time to get their own facilities up so they can offer storage space for rent. This concept will continue to see a huge demand as long as companies keep working remotely.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Indian taxi hailing industry is valued to be close to $10 billion. A lucrative and relatively untapped market such as this is bound to attract a lot of attention from entrepreneurs in India and around the world. Capitalising on this opportunity, Bhavish Aggarwal and Ankit Bhati launched India Ola

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Indian taxi hailing industry is valued to be close to $10 billion. A lucrative and relatively untapped market such as this is bound to attract a lot of attention from entrepreneurs in India and around the world. Capitalising on this opportunity, Bhavish Aggarwal and Ankit Bhati launched India's very own cab hailing startup, Ola.

The idea behind Ola came to Bhavish Aggarwal after he found himself stranded in the middle of the road on his way to Bandipur from Bangalore. Bhavish's cab driver stopped the car in the middle of the journey and demanded a renegotiation of what Bhavish was paying and then proceeded to abandon him by the side of the road. Understanding the plight of travellers everywhere, he saw the amount of potential that an extraordinary cab booking service could have in this country. In 2010, he changed his business model from a holiday and tour planning company to a taxi hailing firm.

Joined by his co founder Ankit Bhati, Ola was launched in December 2010 as Ola Cabs. The taxi aggregator efficiently bridges the gap between cab owners and commuters adding a touch of technology to make lives and transportation easier. The company partners with drivers and cab owners to offer a variety of cab services to commuters across India. Leveraging the best of technology and building innovative solutions, the company expanded to reach 50+ cities by 2015. Serving 200,000 rides per day, which roughly translated to 6 million riders per month, the taxi hailing startup grew at a rate of over 40%.

However, the Ola journey was not as smooth as booking a cab on the app. In 2012, both the founders got a wake up call in the form of a website outage. Ankit Bhati, the Chief Technology Officer, who was in Bangalore at the time had to stay on call the entire night with the one man technology team in Mumbai to solve the issue. But that did not stop the duo. They shifted base from Mumbai to Bangalore and launched their mobile app, stepping up their game. The first version of the app, however, was a one touch destination for booking cabs.

Further, in 2015, the company also launched Ola Fleet, a cab lending arm, which operates as a subsidiary of ANI Technologies Pvt., Ltd., Ola's parent company. By September 2015, the company was valued at $5 billion. In 2016, the company launched another flagship service Ola Play which became the world's first connected car platform, transforming the commuting experiences and setting the tone for global innovation in this space. By the end of the year, started facing competition from Uber and another homegrown company TaxiForSure. Nevertheless, Ola persevered. The startup acquired TaxiForSure, launched another flagship service Ola Auto and continues to battle against Uber to become the majority shareholder of the market.

Currently, the company offers 11 services in over 106 cities and also launched its services in Australia. The company is backed by international venture capital firms like SoftBank, Tencent, Microsoft and eBay among others. According to latest reports, Ola is in talks with Singapore sovereign fund Temasek, to raise $1 billion in fresh funding. As of November last year, Ola is expected to be valued at close to Rs. 23,112 crores or $3.46 billion.

Bhavish Aggarwal's journey from almost beginning a tourism company to establishing India's biggest taxi hailing startup looks like a dream of every aspiring entrepreneur in the country. If anything, Ankit Bhati and Bhavish Aggarwal's story is proof that anything is possible if you have the will and the determination to start your journey. Two IIT B-Tech graduates who started their careers in Microsoft and other startups have acquired 3 startups till date and raised more than $350 million from existing as well as new investors. The success story of Ola is the motivation everyone needs to book your next ride and start your own journey.

Elon Musk is perhaps the boldest business leader, thinker and entrepreneur of this generation. Elon Musk dabbled in multiple ventures over the years and most of them might seem like they are straight out of a storybook. Elon Musk's perseverance to achieve his dreams have paid off and he now owns several highly successful companies. Elon's ambitions are bold as he is determined to send humans to Mars, offer highly subsidised or free internet to the world and develop the world's fastest mode of transportation with his ventures.

We give you six innovations conceived by Elon Musk which prove he is a true visionary.

1) Tesla

Tesla is a car manufacturing firm which mainly focuses on cars which run on electricity powered by batteries. The company name Tesla, is a tribute to Nikola Tesla who was an electrical engineer. Elon Musk's Tesla pioneered the concept that electric cars can look and feel like premium cars as well as powering their vehicles with powerful artificial intelligence which lets its drivers to sit back and relax while the autopilot does the driving. Tesla cars are only sold online as Elon Musk believes a traditional dealership will have conflict of interests while selling electric vehicles. Tesla is the first automaker that sells cars directly to consumers while the rest use independently owned dealerships.

2) SpaceX

Space X is perhaps the most ambitious undertaking by Elon Musk as he believes colonising Mars is the future of humankind. SpaceX is also short for space exploration and has drastically reduced the costs of undertaking space missions as Elon Musk figured out a way to reuse the rockets. Unlike most rockets, which are expendable launch systems, since the introduction of the Full Thrust version, Space X's Falcon 9 is partially reusable, with the first stage capable of re entering the atmosphere and landing vertically after separating from the second stage. This feat was achieved for the first time by SpaceX in December 2015. A 2011 NASA report "estimated that it would have cost the agency about US $ 4 billion to develop a rocket like the Falcon 9 booster based upon NASA's traditional contracting processes while "a more 'commercial development' approach might have allowed the agency to pay only US $ 1.7 billion (sic.)"

3) Hyperloop

Hyperloop aims to be the provider of the fastest mode of transportation on the planet. Hyperloop is a sealed tube or system of tubes with low air pressure through which a pod may travel substantially free of air resistance or friction. The Hyperloop could convey people or objects at airline or hypersonic speeds while being very energy efficient. In aerodynamics, a hypersonic speed is one that greatly exceeds the speed of sound, often stated as starting at speeds of Mach 5 and above. Mach 1 is the speed of sound which is 1234 kmph. The Hyperloop Genesis paper conceived of a hyperloop system that would propel passengers along the 350-mile (560 km) route at a speed of 760 mph (1,200 km/h), allowing for a travel time of 35 minutes, which is considerably faster than current rail or air travel times.

ALSO READ: Five Interesting Facts About Elon Musk's SpaceX

4) Starlink

Starlink is a satellite constellation being constructed by SpaceX to provide satellite Internet access. The constellation will consist of thousands of mass produced small satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO,) working in combination with ground transceivers. SpaceX intends to provide satellite internet connectivity to underdeveloped areas of the planet, as well as provide competitively priced service to urban areas.

5) Boring company

The Boring Company is a tunnel services company and Elon Musk cited difficulty with Los Angeles traffic and limitations with the current two dimensional transportation network as his early inspiration for the project. Musk claims the tunnel trip will take five minutes, compared to above ground driving which takes 45 minutes in normal traffic to go from LAX to Westwood. These trips were planned to be implemented by placing a car on an electric sled and traveling at 120 miles per hour (200 km/h) through tunnels.

6) Neuralink

Neuralink is a neurotechnology company founded by Elon Musk for developing implantable brain machine interfaces. Neuralink announced it was working on a "sewing machine like" device capable of implanting very thin (4 to 6 μm in width) threads into the brain, and demonstrated a system that read information from a lab rat via 1,500 electrodes. The company is centered on creating devices that can be implanted in the human brain, with the eventual purpose of helping human beings merge with software and keep pace with advancements in artificial intelligence. These enhancements could improve memory or allow more direct interfacing with computing devices at broadband speeds.

While some of the companies and their vision might seem far fetched, Elon Musk is adamant on making them a reality. Elon Musk and SpaceX successfully made history as being the first private organization to transport astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS.) The entire operation from launch to docking at the ISS has been live streamed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and was watched by millions from all over the world. Neuralink's progress was displayed recently as a pig named Gertrude had a chip implanted in her brain which tracked her neural activity and was publicly displayed to everyone.

We at Startup Stories hope Elon Musk will continue to push the boundaries of science and imagination for as long as he can and make an indelible impact on humanity.

India as a nation has a preference for choosing a two wheeler over a four wheeler. It is quite easy to see the Indian roads packed with motorcycles and mopeds zipping away and snaking their way through the notorious Indian traffic. Almost every household has some form of a two wheeler at home which they use for travelling with whole families . The entire two wheeler market segment is flooded with gearless mopeds like Activa, Jupiter and budget geared vehicles like Passion, Splendor and Victor. There is a vehicle for every economic requirement in India.

The Indian market is majorly ruled by Honda, Bajaj and TVS all of which have a plethora of models available for the market. Let us take a look at the story of TVS Motors, a true Indian company which makes vehicles for the Indian sensibilities.

Beginnings:

T.V. Sundaram Iyengar began with Madurai's first bus service in 1911 and founded T.V.S., a company in the transportation business with a large fleet of trucks and buses under the name of Southern Roadways. This is also the first company to run buses in Delhi and with their large number of buses, TVS quickly began to rule the transportation market in Delhi. After the death of Sundaram Iyenger in 1955, his sons took over the business.

Sundaram Clayton:

In 1962, Sundaram Clayton came into existence. This company was a collaboration of the Sundaram company and Clayton Dewandre Holdings of the United Kingdom. Sundaram Clayton started making products like motors, bike brakes, compressors and other automotive products. For about a decade, the company was engaged in the same work , they were manufacturing automotive products.

In 1978, they set up a plant to manufacture mopeds at Hosur, Tamil Nadu. They began with TVS50 which was also India's first two seater moped. Sundaram Clayton then entered into a collaboration with Japan's Suzuki Limited as a joint venture in 1987. TVS and Suzuki shared a one year long relationship that was aimed at technology transfer for design and manufacture of two wheelers specifically for the Indian market. TVS Suzuki introduced many models such as the Suzuki Supra, Suzuki Samurai, Suzuki Shogun and Suzuki Shaolin.

After a fruitful relationship, the collaboration finally came to an end in 2001 following which TVS signed a moratorium for 30 months during which Suzuki promised not to enter the Indian market with competing two wheelers. TVS was then renamed to TVS motors.

Recent Past

TVS Motors entered the racing bike category with the Apache model and the budget and mileage friendly segment with the Jupiter series. In early 2015, TVS Racing became the first Indian factory team to take part in the Dakar Rally, the world's longest and most dangerous rally. TVS Racing partnered with the French motorcycle manufacturer Sherco, and named the team Sherco TVS Rally Factory Team.

In 2016 TVS started manufacturing the BMW G310R, a model co developed with BMW Motorrad after their strategic partnership in April 2013.

TVS Motors also has a list of firsts in India which is to be the first to indigenously produce a four stroke motorcycle. The list of firsts from the firm include: India's first 2 seater moped - TVS 50, India's first Digital Ignition with the TVS Champ, India's first fully indigenous motorcycle - Victor, and the first Indian company to launch ABS in a motorcycle with the Apache RTR Series.

TVS Motors is currently the third largest motorcycle company in India with a revenue of Rs. 20,000 crores. With a strong history and a proven track record for innovation and its commitment to making the lives of Indians better, TVS Motors will only look forward to releasing more models into the market and become the market leader in India.

If you could travel six months back in time and tell yourself how the world would look now, you might have dismissed it as a hoax. The world changed suddenly when the COVID-19 virus broke out and started spreading across the world. The virus which manifests in the form of a flu before attacking the respiratory system currently has no vaccine. This forced governments across the world and India included, to enforce a strict mandatory nationwide lockdown.

The lockdown was initially announced in India for just three weeks and many businesses and startups never expected it to go beyond a month. However, the lockdown is still continuing albeit with a few relaxations, but many industries continue to be badly affected by it as they saw zero revenue in the last three months. Many organisations and businesses have made the shift to remote work as their offices remain to be closed for fear of contracting the COVID-19 virus.

As software companies continue to declare work from home for the foreseeable future, many employees are looking to return back home from technology hubs like Bengaluru and Hyderabad so as to save money on huge rents in the metropolitan cities considering their offices are not opening anytime soon.

ALSO READ: How The Events Industry Is Impacted By The COVID-19 Pandemic

This is where a unique concept where companies offering storage spaces for long term rent is seeing a huge spurt in demand. As software employees in Bengaluru are slowly vacating their accommodations to move back home in order to save on rental expenses, they have no place to store their personal belongings. Firms like SafeStorage, Storagians, StowNest Storage and MyRaksha, which provide the service (storage for rent,) have seen a spike in clients and quotation requests. Even some gyms and restaurants, both of which are yet to reopen completely, are offering their facilities for storage in order to reduce their own rental expenses.

ALSO READ: How The COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Startup Investments And IPOs In 2020

These storage firms offer facilities like pickup services, CCTV monitoring and individual locker facilities apart from providing insurance coverage against theft, natural calamities and fire. Ramesh Madisetty, co founder of SafeStorage, says "We have 13 warehouses with 1.16 lakh sq ft space in Bengaluru. We have signed up for another 27,000 sq ft facility near Whitefield. There is a 10x jump in enquiries due to Covid-19 , from 30 to 300 now (sic.)"

Another company named Storagians, w hich offers storage for rent in Bengaluru has already run out of storage space and are having to turn away customer requests. Prasanna Kumar, founder of Storagians says "Unfortunately, we are turning down customers' requests due to the non availability of slots sic.)"

The average monthly rent is based on the volume of goods. While goods accommodated in 1BHK are charged a monthly rental of Rs. 2,500-3,500 and it will be Rs. 4,500-5,000 for 2BHK. As more and more enterprising people are embracing this concept, many others are racing against time to get their own facilities up so they can offer storage space for rent. This concept will continue to see a huge demand as long as companies keep working remotely.

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The Indian taxi hailing industry is valued to be close to $10 billion. A lucrative and relatively untapped market such as this is bound to attract a lot of attention from entrepreneurs in India and around the world. Capitalising on this opportunity, Bhavish Aggarwal and Ankit Bhati launched India Ola

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https://www.startupstories.in/stories/inspirational-stories/how-ola-was-started

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Hi, I am nirali. (18136) here is an inspiring story of three engineers who founded one of the most successful online bus booking system, RedBuss.in. Look into their story https://www.rediff.com/money/slide-show/slide-show-1-the-amazing-success-story-of-redbus/20101019.htm#1 

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Hi, I am nirali. (18136) here is an inspiring story of three engineers who founded one of the most successful online bus booking system, RedBuss.in. Look into their story https://www.rediff.com/money/slide-show/slide-show-1-the-amazing-success-story-of-redbus/20101019.htm#1 

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WhatsApp was founded by Brian Acton and Jan Koum in 2009 after they left their job at Yahoo!.

The startup story began when they left their job to travel around the world. But soon their savings started to sink and they had to apply for a job on Facebook, which didn’t work out as planned as well. They were quite disappointed, but this failure led them to start a new journey of their life.

https://www.feedough.com/history-of-whatsapp/
-K.Divya (cb.en.u4ece18030)

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Instagram needs no introduction, as most of us have used the app to capture moments that were special in our lives. The app gets its name from the merging of two terms, ‘instant camera’ and ‘telegram’. Let’s look at the timeline of this millennial app that has gone to become a part of our personal and social lives.

In 2009, Kevin Systrom, a 27-year-old Stanford University graduate, was working at Nextstop, a travel recommendations startup. Systrom had previously worked at Google  as a corporate development associate and interned at Odeo (a company that would later evolve into Twitter .

While Systrom had no formal training in computer science, he learned to code on the nights and the weekends while working at Nextstop. He eventually built a prototype of a web app called Burbn, which was inspired by his taste for fine whiskeys and bourbons. The Burbn app allowed users to check-in, post their plans, and share photos. Although at the time, location-based check-in apps were very popular, the photo-sharing feature of Burbn was very unique.
Systrom and Krieger  carefully studied leading apps in the photography category at that time.For Krieger and Systrom, the Hipstamatic app stood out to them because it was popular and had interesting features that you could apply to photographs, such as filters. However, it lacked social media-sharing capabilities; Systrom and Krieger saw potential in building an app that bridged Hipstamatic and a social media platform like Facebook.
They took a step backward and stripped Burbn down to its photo, commenting, and "liking" functions. It was at that time that they renamed their app Instagram, combining the words instant and telegram.
The Instagram app was launched on Oct. 6, 2010, and racked up 25,000 users in one day. At the end of the first week, Instagram had been downloaded 100,000 times, and by mid-December, the number of users had reached one million.

C. Veda Sree
CB.EN.U4ECE18071

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The story of Instagram's explosive rise reads like a Silicon Valley fairy tale, with the company gaining staggering momentum within just a few short months. The photo and video-sharing social media application took only eight weeks for software engineers to develop before it was launched on Apple's mobile operating system in October 2010. In less than two years, Facebook ( FB) had acquired the company for $1 billion in cash and stock. But like all good tales, the process involved many twists and turns, failures and successes, conflicts and synergies, and a dose of fortuitous happenstance.

History of Instagram

In 2009, Kevin Systrom, a 27-year-old Stanford University graduate, was working at Nextstop, a travel recommendations startup. Systrom had previously worked at Google ( GOOG) as a corporate development associate and interned at Odeo, a company that would later evolve into Twitter ( TWTR).

While Systrom had no formal training in computer science, he learned to code on the nights and the weekends while working at Nextstop. He eventually built a prototype of a web app called Burbn, which was inspired by his taste for fine whiskeys and bourbons. The Burbn app allowed users to check in, post their plans, and share photos. Although at the time, location-based check-in apps were very popular, the photo-sharing feature of Burbn was very unique.

Venture Capital Funding

A crucial turning point came in March 2010 when Systrom attended a party for Hunch, a startup based in Silicon Valley. At the party, Systrom met two venture capitalists from Baseline Ventures and Andreessen Horowitz. After showing them the prototype of his app, they decided to meet for coffee to discuss it further. After their first meeting, Systrom decided to quit his job and focus on Burbn. Within two weeks, he had raised $500,000 in seed funding from both Baseline Ventures and Andreessen Horowitz to further develop his entrepreneurial venture.

This seed funding allowed Systrom to start building a team of people to support his venture; the first to join him was 25-year-old Mike Krieger. Also a Stanford graduate, Krieger had previously worked as an engineer and user-experience designer at the social media platform Meebo. The two knew each other from their time as students at Stanford.

Pivot to a Photo-Sharing Application

After Krieger joined, the two reassessed Burbn and decided to focus primarily on one thing: photographs specifically taken on mobile devices. They carefully studied leading apps in the photography category at that time. For Krieger and Systrom, the Hipstamatic app stood out to them because it was popular and had interesting features that you could apply to photographs, such as filters. However, it lacked social media-sharing capabilities; Systrom and Krieger saw potential in building an app that bridged Hipstamatic and a social media platform like Facebook.

They took a step backward and stripped Burbn down to its photo, commenting, and "liking" functions. It was at that time that they renamed their app Instagram, combining the words instant and telegram. They also began focusing on improving the photo-sharing experience. Their intention for the app was that it would be minimalist and require as few actions as possible from the user. After eight weeks of fine-tuning the app, they gave it to friends to beta test and evaluate its performance. After resolving some errors in the software, they brought it to launch.

Launch of the iOS App

The Instagram app was launched on Oct. 6, 2010, and racked up 25,000 users in one day. At the end of the first week, Instagram had been downloaded 100,000 times, and by mid-December, the number of users had reached one million. The timing of the app's release ended up being fortuitous because the iPhone 4- featuring an improved camera-had launched just a few months earlier, in June 2010.

Series A Funding

After the rapid rise in Instagram's user base, more investors became interested in the company. In February 2011, Instagram raised $7 million in a Series A funding round. One of their investors was Benchmark Capital, which valued the company at around $25 million. In addition to institutional investors, the company attracted the attention of other leading companies in the social media technology industry, including Twitter and Facebook.

Although this new round of financing gave Systrom and Krieger the opportunity to hire more people, the founders decided to keep the company really small, with barely a dozen employees.

Systrom knew Jack Dorsey, the co-founder of Twitter, from his time as an intern at Odeo. Dorsey expressed a strong interest in the company and pursued the idea of acquiring Instagram. Twitter reportedly made a formal offer of around $500 million in stock, but Systrom declined the offer.

Facebook Acquires Instagram

By March 2012, the app's user base had grown to approximately 27 million users. In April 2012, Instagram was released for Android phones and was downloaded more than one million times in less than one day. At the time, the company was also close to receiving a new round of funding at a valuation of $500 million. Systrom and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg had become acquainted through events held at Stanford, and the two had been in communication in the beginning of Instagram's rapid rise in popularity.

In April 2012, Facebook (now Meta) made an offer to purchase Instagram for about $1 billion in cash and stock; a key provision was that the company would remain independently managed. Shortly thereafter and just prior to its initial public offering (IPO), Facebook moved forward and acquired the company for $1 billion in cash and stock.

Instagram made a limited-feature website interface available in November 2012. In June 2014, the company introduced an app for the Amazon Fire device, and finally, in 2016, it created an app that made it compatible with Microsoft Windows tablets and computers.

Terms of Service Controversy

Instagram hit a bump in the road in December 2012 after updating its terms of service. This update effectively granting Instagram the right to sell users' photos to third parties without notification or compensation. The move drew immediate criticism from privacy advocates and many of the app's users; some users responded by deleting their accounts. Instagram eventually retracted the controversial terms.

New Features Added to the App

Although Instagram has a variety of features, in general, the app's interface allows individuals who have created a free account to upload media-both photos and videos. Users can then edit the media they upload with filters and organize them with location information and hashtags (a word or phrase preceded by a hash sign that is used primarily on social media platforms to identify posts about a specific topic). Users can make their profiles public or private; the difference is that with a public profile, a user's photos/videos are viewable by every other Instagram user, whereas with a private profile, users can approve who they want to be able to view their posts. Instagram users can browse other users' photos and videos by searching for hashtags and locations. They can also scroll through an aggregation of trending content and interact with other user's photos and videos by clicking on buttons that allow them to "like" a post or add a text comment to a post. When a user "follows" another user, it means that they are adding that user's photos and videos to their feed.

The first version of the Instagram app only allowed users to display their media in a square aspect ratio (an aspect ratio is a proportional relationship between an image's width and height). For a square aspect ratio, an image's height and width are the same. This meant that Instagram users could only post media that matched the 640-pixel width of the iPhone 4 at that time (in 2010). In 2015, this feature changed and users could upload media that was larger (up to 1080 pixels).

Since it was first launched, Instagram has also added a messaging feature and the capability for users to include multiple images or videos within the same post. Currently, one of the app's most popular features is called "Instagram Stories." With this feature, users can post photos and videos to a separate feed of content within the app. These types of posts are viewable by other users for 24 hours after the time of the original posting. According to Instagram, 500 million people used Instagram Stories every day in 2020.

The Bottom Line

While user growth has continued to increase since the Meta (formerly Facebook) acquisition, Instagram has made a relatively small number of changes to the app, sticking to its simple and intuitive user experience and core focus on photo- and video-sharing capabilities. Despite the high price tag of its acquisition, the company appears to have been a savvy investment on the part of Meta. In 2019, the market research company eMarketer predicted that Instagram would reach 117.2 million users by 2021. In 2018, Instagram was the second-most downloaded free app on the Apple app store (second only to YouTube's free mobile-device app). In 2019, 1 billion people used Instagram every month.

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The Story of Instagram: The Rise of the # 1 Photo-Sharing App

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The story of Instagram's explosive rise reads like a Silicon Valley fairy tale, with the company gaining staggering momentum within just a few short months. The photo and video-sharing social media application took only eight weeks for software engineers to develop before it was launched on Apple's mobile operating system in October 2010.

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Spotify is one of the most used applications on my phone and I prefer it over other music apps .
Spotify is famous for their suggestion algorithms but with research their team figured out that algorithmic music suggestions was not enough to sustain users. Their idea was to create a way to crowdsource data .
The spotify team set to analyze the user requirements . They did an analysis of the competitive market as well as the user requirements , the results of the analysis suggested that show creators who made up a huge fraction of their users where looking for an application that allows them to record their own music or add existing music to create new shows . This feature was also not supported by any of their market creators (use could only upload 30s of recording).
The team ,further formulated their idea and consulted many music lovers and users to improvise, they conducted around 18 user interviews to fully understand the requirements. Users also suggested that they would love to listen to podcasts and radios if the topic was interesting.
The spotify team designed a persona , i.e they created a model user and through every step of their design process they evaluated their design based on how the user would like to interact with it based on scenarios they formulated.
Spotify targeted 2 user groups , A show listener and a show creator they added new features and improvised on the existing designs .
Here are a few changes they made to their existing design,

And that is how the app that we all love was engineered to be loved
Source:https://medium.com/@senema/spotify-shows-a-ux-case-study-4f9465371f02

Lathika D
CB.EN.U4CSE18236

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In 2009, Kevin Systrom, a 27-year-old Stanford University graduate, was working at Nextstop, a travel recommendations startup. Systrom had previously worked at Google (GOOG) as a corporate development associate and interned at Odeo (a company that would later evolve into Twitter (TWTR).

While Systrom had no formal training in computer science, he learned to code on the nights and the weekends while working at Nextstop. He eventually built a prototype of a web app called Burbn, which was inspired by his taste for fine whiskeys and bourbons. The Burbn app allowed users to check-in, post their plans, and share photos. Although at the time, location-based check-in apps were very popular, the photo-sharing feature of Burbn was very unique.

source:https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-the-oreo-cookie-1779206

Dharsan R
Cb.en.u4cse18417

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Though we may not all agree with how Windows updates are done or how many bugs they bring in, we should appreciate the number of changes Microsoft was able to get into Windows 10 now when we compare how it was in 2015. It's possible due to the open nature of Update testing and also a simple yet innovative way of posting Feedbacks. Microsft calls this the Insider program, here its the Windows Insiders Program. Its how they can get faster updates to test and also report bugs and erroneous results. This way, Big upgrades are delivered much quicker than how they stuff a lot of features in a long time frame. Also, the old way of releasing an OS for Three years once became obsolete as we have it all around us with Android and iOS while this mode is something new and also kind of better. We now have a PC with Windows and we never need to worry about future releases. Though in recent months, we do encounter lots of trouble and bugs in the Updates, still, we now have the option to stop updates and also lots of Outlets which tells us about the potential problems that we may face. This model qualifies as a User-Centric approach to how an OS is made and circulated to users.
- CSE18140
For more look into:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/update/waas-overview

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CB.EN.U4EIE18035-Neha.D.R
Conceived in the year 1994, established by first generation entrepreneur Mr. Naresh Khatar, M.D. and Founder, Me N Moms aims to make parenting a more joyful journey.He decided to give a good quality products to the infants all over India .From a single store outlet to now being a Pan India entity with more than 50 outlets, Me N Moms currently is a 200 crore empire which is home-grown. The understanding towards the needs of a modern Indian mother while keeping in mind the child's comfort and over all development has been a catalyst of this brand's success.

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We believe that parenting today is the most challenging job in the world. Mee Mee aims to make this journey more enjoyable and less stressful for the parents. It does so by making well-designed, quality products that help them navigate every step of parenthood.

We strive to provide you with nothing but the best for your baby by creating premium quality products with Indian and international certifications from the past 10 years.

From multi-featured prams to narrow-necked nail clippers, from breathable diapers to easy-to-clean breast pumps, each product of our wide portfolio tries to deliver on one promise: to ensure that you experience 'The Joy of Parenting'.
Brand Story
Conceived in the year 1994, established by first generation entrepreneur Mr. Naresh Khatar, M.D. and Founder, Me N Moms aims to make parenting a more joyful journey. From a single store outlet to now being a Pan India entity with more than 50 outlets, Me N Moms currently is a 200 crore empire which is home-grown. The understanding towards the needs of a modern Indian mother while keeping in mind the child's comfort and over all development has been a catalyst of this brand's success.

Knowing the pulse of a parent, the brand relentlessly works towards bringing innovative products of International Standards to the local market that are sensibly priced making it a perfect companion of the foundation years of a baby's life i.e. 0 to 3 years; Me N Moms helps parents nurture their infants. It also offers a wide array of products for expecting and new mothers making it a one stop solution for all pregnancy and post pregnancy needs of a Mom.

Mee Mee, the popular baby care and parenting brand launched in 2006 by the company, offers a large variety of products across all categories including Skin and Oral Care, Feeding, Infant Utility Accessories, Travel, Nursery, Toys, Fashion and Maternity which ensures each and every requirement of a parent is met.

Each Mee Mee product is scientifically developed and undergoes rigorous tests before it reaches the baby and is certified by International standards such as ASTM (American Standards for Testing & Materials), EN (European Norms) Standards as well as Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS & ISI). All paints used are non-toxic, lead free and the edges of all products are soft & rounded, so that no child is harmed in any way possible.

As a brand, we provide premium quality products at competitive prices. We have introduced several product lines to the Indian market, for instance a baby walker with a motion sensor lock that stops when the walker reaches the edge of any surface and avoids accidents to daily usage products like wipes but at a much affordable price bracket. Pregnant and breast feeding mothers need extra attention and care too and for them Mee Mee has a dedicated product line that caters to their needs. Mee Mee makes those priceless moments with your little one more joyful and memorable.

Currently, Mee Mee is operating with a network of 200 distributors, supplying to over 3000+ baby stores and chemists to reach and provide quality products to as many parents across the nation; The company has regional offices in all the zones of India to offer uninterrupted customer service to their retail partners/network and customers throughout the country. By 2020 we are planning to expand further with a larger distribution network and more stores to meet the ever growing demand of parenting and child care segment. The chain is the best in class when it comes to catering to the needs of an infant and the mother due to its international quality standards blended with Indian sensibilities.

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Mee Mee is a leading baby care & a parenting brand in India. Offers premium newborn baby products, maternity clothing, pregnancy products, travel, toys, apparel & more.Find the best baby care products shop near me. Our Store Locator is designed to help you to get the best baby care products.

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(CB.EN.U4EIE18051 -G.SARIHA)

This app was found to sell and buy products .This makes the customers to choose products with a resonable price .It is also the best site to navigate and also for proper advertising.

LINK:
https://www.softifive.com/blog/the-success-story-of-olx-need-to-know-everything/

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Colonel Sanders | Kentucky Fried Chicken
At 65 years of age, Colonel Sanders received his first social security cheque of $99. He was broke, owned a small house and a beat up car. He made a decision that things had to change. His friends used to like his chicken recipe very much. The fact that this was the only novel idea he had, he decided to act upon it. He left Kentucky and started his travels to different US states to sell his idea. He would tell restaurant owners that he had a chicken recipe which people liked and he was ready to give it to them for free, in return for a small percentage on the items sold. He got rejections after rejections, but did not give up. In fact, he got over 1000 rejections. He got 1009 NO’s before he got his first Yes. With that one success Colonel Hartland Sanders changed the eating habits of the whole world with Kentucky Fried Chicken, popularly known as KFC.

Read more at: https://yourstory.com/2014/03/inspiring-stories?utm_pageloadtype=scroll

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Hi, I am Kaushek Kumar (ECE18127). I consider e-wallet to be a Human Centered Design. Coca Cola launched a few vending machines in Helsinki that let customers purchase a can via text messages. This was considered as the origin. Later people started to use this term "e-wallet" often as they felt comfortable not to have their purse everywhere and every time. It provided the user the convenience to store money digitally. Organizations like Google, Paytm, UPI took this to another level and its becoming difficult to see a person who is not aware of or not using an e-wallet.

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Nagulan S - CB.EN.U4CSE18135

This idea was developed on the basis of common human confusion when they see a push/pull door. Even though it will be displayed as push our brain tends to pull once it sees the handle, so to avoid this they designed push doors without handle so on seeing a plain surface we would automatically push.
link: https://uxdesign.cc/human-centered-design-explained-with-examples-707133acf8b4

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Surya(CB.EN.U4ECE18046)

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online certification training courses for students

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Internship training courses is here to help bridge the gap between a student's classroom environment and their workplace atmosphere.

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Once a poison was mixed with a batch of painkillers in a particular supply chain. This lead to 2-3 deaths and all of the products were from Johnson and Johnson company. They kept Consumer's on mind and pulled up the certain medicine from all the stores across the world which led the a huge loss of over 3 Million and this made a impact on the consumers and made a good feel to the company and lead to the company become as huge as you see.

https://www.ou.edu/deptcomm/dodjcc/groups/02C2/Johnson%20&%20Johnson.htm
(Rajendraprasath - CB.EN.U4CSE18344)

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CB.e.u4cs18438
Self-made is  a startup company started by a engineering second year graduate.now it is helping many students to start their own startups and  self-made is mainly runs by direct selling method which has nice scope in future

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Aishwarya B - CB.EN.U4CSE18304
The original Levi's cut is roomy enough for any wearer to move around in comfortably.

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KFC founder Colonel Sanders didn't achieve his remarkable rise to success until his 60s. ... The real Col. Sanders was an entrepreneur who didn't become a professional chef until he was 40, didn't franchise Kentucky Fried Chicken until he was 62, and didn't become an icon until after he sold his company at 75.

https://www.businessinsider.in/strategy/KFC-founder-Colonel-Sanders-didnt-achieve-his-remarkable-rise-to-success-until-his-60s/articleshow/47822395.cms#:~:text=KFC%20founder%20Colonel%20Sanders%20didn,to%20success%20until%20his%2060s&text=The%20real%20Col.,sold%20his%20company%20at%2075.

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In 1964 Knight and Bowman founded a company selling and distributing sports shoes, which they then dubbed "Blue Ribbon Sports". They do the necessary modifications to make them more comfortable and practical.They used the basement of a private house built and sold shoes in the streets and metro station

https://steemit.com/success/@foudmf103/the-success-story-of-nike-founder-nike
Ajay Kumar

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Abishek.T
CB.EN.U4EIE18001
https://medium.com/@obtaineudaimonia/how-youtube-started-719333720eb5

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Karthikeyan  B
Reasons it affects  the human eyes and sleep and it couldn't  keep up with the upcoming  technology  and the color of light becomes uncomfortable  to many people so I think  it's one of such product.

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Karthikeyan  B
Kinder joy is one of the HCD product. As it has different kind of approach towards kids. Where the chocolate  and toys which loved kids where sold separately  they had the idea to sell it together  and it's a huge  success. Kinder Surprise was originally created with children in mind, replicating an Italian Easter family tradition in which adults give children large chocolate eggs with a toy inside. However, Kinder Surprise toys have become collectible for adults as well. Since 1974, 30 billion Kinder Surprise eggs have been sold worldwide.

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Arvind T (CB.EN.U4CSE18410)
Google Authenticator is a software-based authenticator by Google that implements two-step verification services using the Time-based One-time Password Algorithm and HMAC-based One-time Password algorithm, for authenticating users of software applications

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Google Authenticator is a software-based authenticator by Google that implements two-step verification services using the Time-based One-time Password Algorithm (TOTP; specified in RFC 6238) and HMAC-based One-time Password algorithm (HOTP; specified in RFC 4226), for authenticating users of software applications.

When logging into a site supporting Authenticator (including Google services) or using Authenticator-supporting third-party applications such as password managers or file hosting services, Authenticator generates a six- to eight-digit one-time password which users must enter in addition to their usual login details.

Previous versions of the software were open-source but since 2013 releases are proprietary.

To use Authenticator, the app is first installed on a smartphone. It must be set up for each site with which it is to be used: the site provides a shared secret key to the user over a secure channel, to be stored in the Authenticator app. This secret key will be used for all future logins to the site.[citation needed ]

To log into a site or service that uses two-factor authentication and supports Authenticator, the user provides username and password to the site, which computes (but does not display) the required six-digit one-time password and asks the user to enter it. The user runs the Authenticator app, which independently computes and displays the same password, which the user types in, authenticating their identity.[citation needed ]

With this kind of two-factor authentication, mere knowledge of username and password is not sufficient to break into a user's account; the attacker also needs knowledge of the shared secret key, or physical access to the device running the Authenticator app. An alternative route of attack is a man-in-the-middle attack: if the computer used for the login process is compromised by a trojan, then username, password and one-time password can be captured by the trojan, which can then initiate its own login session to the site or monitor and modify the communication between user and site.[citation needed ]

The service provider generates an 80-bit secret key for each user (whereas RFC 4226 §4 requires 128 bits and recommends 160 bits). This is provided as a 16, 26 or 32 character base32 string or as a QR code. The client creates an HMAC- SHA1 using this secret key. The message that is HMAC-ed can be:

the number of 30-second periods since the Unix epoch (TOTP); or

the counter that is incremented with each new code (HOTP).

A portion of the HMAC is extracted and converted to a six-digit code.

Google Authenticator uses default parameters which are weaker than the suggestions in RFC 6238. Such defaults can be reasonably exploited, as demonstrated in Hashcat's TOTP cracking engine. For this reason, operators using Google Authenticator should take care with the secrets being used.

The Google Authenticator app for Android was originally open source, but later became proprietary. Google made earlier source for their Authenticator app available on its GitHub repository; the associated development page states:

"This open source project allows you to download the code that powered version 2.21 of the application. Subsequent versions contain Google-specific workflows that are not part of the project."

Following Google Authenticator ceasing to be open source, a free-software clone named FreeOTP was created, predominantly a fresh rewrite but including some code from the original. Google provides Android, BlackBerry, and iOS versions of Authenticator.

Several other versions of authentication software are available. Those that use TOTP and HMAC in addition to other two-factor authentication can authenticate with the same sites and processes as Google Authenticator. Some of the listed software is available in versions for several platforms.

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Google Authenticator is a software-based authenticator by Google that implements two-step verification services using the Time-based One-time Password Algorithm (TOTP; specified in RFC 6238) and HMAC-based One-time Password algorithm (HOTP; specified in RFC 4226), for authenticating users of software applications.

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Portable music players are introduced in 1997 from that time manufacturers tried to include more and more functionalities to music players. This results in abandoning the user experience of these devices. The problem was that it had too much of functionalities and complicated design.
iPod shuffle - a portable music player that had a compact design with easily accessible control buttons. It had a clipper to the device so that people can easily use it while engaging in other activities
J K Idhaya Jovina
CB.EN.U4CHE18012

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SpaceX is the first private private company to successfully launch and return a spacecraft from earthorbit and the first to launch a crewed spacecraft and dock it with the international space station (ISS).

it was started by elon musk in 2002 and as it a private company ,so it faced many financial problems and they faced 3 failure in a row in launching spaceships.
They mainly focuses on reusable rocket engines .after their first success of falcon ,they won a contract with nasa which worth more than 1 billion USD.  Now SpaceX become one of the leading  aerospace manufacturer and space transportation services company.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/SpaceX
Dhamothar P
CB.EN.U4CHE18010

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The main goal of this approach is to create a better user experience and reduce the gap between user and product. Pepsico’s design team analyzed how people are using their products. And they find out most of the women prefer to eat neat and clean. They want to have the last chip in that packet but they are not ready to dump all that small cracked chip into their mouth.

They created a vertical and round bottom can with a tray, so the user can take out the tray whenever they need a snack and put it back in after use. The package also comes with a reusable cap. So the user can store it anywhere.
https://blog.experiencepoint.com/design-thinking-lays-chips-redesign.
Thakshinya K R (cb.en.u4che18045)

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Nagulan S- CB.EN.U4CSE18135

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I consider this as an beautiful HCD because in this modern world this helps us to know about our body function through a small sensor and also keep track of our health regularly.  Most of the people now are very much concerned about their health. Keeping that people in mind FitBit was developed. Many people are using this to measure how much calorie they burned in a day and how much steps they walked. this also enables user to check their heart beat rate. So, people who are concerned anout their heart beat also get benefitted by this.  Funny thing here is , it is also used to solve murder mystery, In 2017, a Fitbit device played a role in solving a murder. Victim Connie Dabate was murdered by her husband Richard Dabate. Initially, Richard framed the situation, telling police and law enforcement officials that an intruder had broken into their home and fatally shot his wife.However, Connie's Fitbit tracker showed that she was at the gym at the time Richard told police his wife was shot. Using Connie's Fitbit and analyzing her movements, analysts were able to create a timeline that proved Richard had created a false story.

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Dhamothar

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M.Jaya sai durga akhil( Cse18435)
Ali baba company

The story of Alibaba founder, Jack Ma is a total rags-to-riches story. Jack was born poor in communist China, failed his university entrance exam twice and was rejected from tonnes of jobs including KFC. He had no knowledge of internet or coding but was captivated by the internet he first time used it.

He started two internet ventures which failed miserably, and after four years of that, he finally started alibaba.com. He gathered all of his connections and convinced them to invest in his vision. It started attracting customers and Ma is now the richest man in China.
Source:https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.indiatoday.in/amp/education-today/featurephilia/story/5-unbelievable-success-stories-of-big-companies-that-were-once-a-startup-1208828-2018-04-10

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Dhamothar

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One the best sites for online Education is Udemy.Here majority of the courses are 95% off with good Level of quality of Education .

https://blog.udemy.com/democratize-learning-eren-bali/

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Aadhith S CSE18101

One of the most impressive displays of human-centered design, I’d argue, is Spotify -- a product that showed me my prior method for purchasing music was a problem, before I even recognized it as one.

Spotify succeeded by empathizing with their users’ struggle to pay for music from disparate sources, and created a solution we could all embrace. Thanks to Spotify, users are able to get all their music in one place, for one monthly fee. I’m willing to pay more for that kind of tailored, customized, helpful service.

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Ashwin Barathi JS(ECE18010)

Instant noodles were invented by Momofuku Ando, the Taiwanese-born founder of the Japanese food company Nissin. But it wasn't until he was in his 40s that ramen inspiration struck. Ando claimed he was struck by inspiration when he saw people huddled around a ramen stall in post war Osaka. With food shortages rampant, he believed noodles could cure world hunger. Ando followed that with the 1971 invention of Cup Noodles, which were inspired by customers who reused coffee cups as ramen bowls. Regardless of how altruistic noodles were, the story remains inspiring.

source: https://instantnoodles.org/en/noodles/index.html

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The chairs are sturdy and the configuration is  flexible. Rows can vary from two to eight. This product lacks cumbersome support which makes it easy to clean the floor under the seats.
Thakshinya K R (cb.en.u4che18045)

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Smart shifter

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"You will get the jackets by evening.", Vijay assures his customer.

After dialling a dozen numbers, he finds a driver who informs him that he'll arrive soon. Two hours later, there's still no sign of the driver and sweat beads start trickling down Vijay's forehead.

Vijay negotiates terms with a new driver.

"Your quote is exorbitant! This is unreasonable!"

After a tense few minutes of haggling, he reluctantly places the receiver down, having closed the deal at a much higher price.

Ajay's truck runs empty after his delivery. It is a long way back home and the fuel consumed plus the toll charge brings his day's earnings down to almost zero.

Can both Ajay and Vijay

to their problems?

Realising the vital role digital technology can play in easing business and operations among business owners and transporters, we launched SmartShift, an app-based load exchange platform.

For both parties, it offers a host of advantageous services: transparent pricing for moving goods, simple one-click booking, tracking cargo after dispatch and ability to calculate estimated time of delivery for cargo owners.

"Thanks to SmartShift, I am my own boss. I can decide if I want to go for a job or not, and there are no penalties!"- Ghanshyam Yadav, Cargo Transporter

SmartShift - the smarter way to shift things around

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The Smartshifters - The Smarter Way to Shift Things Around

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"You will get the jackets by evening.", Vijay assures his customer. After dialling a dozen numbers, he finds a driver who informs him that he'll arrive soon. Two hours later, there's still no sign of the driver and sweat beads start trickling down Vijay's forehead. Vijay negotiates terms with a new driver.

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"You will get the jackets by evening.", Vijay assures his customer.

After dialling a dozen numbers, he finds a driver who informs him that he'll arrive soon. Two hours later, there's still no sign of the driver and sweat beads start trickling down Vijay's forehead.

Vijay negotiates terms with a new driver.

"Your quote is exorbitant! This is unreasonable!"

After a tense few minutes of haggling, he reluctantly places the receiver down, having closed the deal at a much higher price.

Ajay's truck runs empty after his delivery. It is a long way back home and the fuel consumed plus the toll charge brings his day's earnings down to almost zero.

Can both Ajay and Vijay

to their problems?

Realising the vital role digital technology can play in easing business and operations among business owners and transporters, we launched SmartShift, an app-based load exchange platform.

For both parties, it offers a host of advantageous services: transparent pricing for moving goods, simple one-click booking, tracking cargo after dispatch and ability to calculate estimated time of delivery for cargo owners.

"Thanks to SmartShift, I am my own boss. I can decide if I want to go for a job or not, and there are no penalties!"- Ghanshyam Yadav, Cargo Transporter

SmartShift - the smarter way to shift things around

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The Smartshifters - The Smarter Way to Shift Things Around

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"You will get the jackets by evening.", Vijay assures his customer. After dialling a dozen numbers, he finds a driver who informs him that he'll arrive soon. Two hours later, there's still no sign of the driver and sweat beads start trickling down Vijay's forehead. Vijay negotiates terms with a new driver.

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Srinivasa Krishnan A N (cb.en.u4cse18151)
Sharp HealthCare is a not-for-profit regional health care group located in San Diego. Sharp includes four acute-care hospitals, three specialty hospitals, three affiliated medical groups and a health plan. Sharp has approximately 2,600 physicians and more than 18,000 employees. It is one of the first healthcare providers to care about the way patients are treated and made their employees undergo serious attitude change. It was once quoted as the "Best Healthcare System in the Universe" by many people. If you don't believe me just google "Best Healthcare System in the Universe".

Not exactly a easy read but if you want have a quick peek:
https://www.amga.org/amga/media/pdfs/about%20amga%20family/family/foundation/acclaim%20award/2009/sharpreesstealy.pdf