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Genre makes use of elements of portraiture, landscape photography, architecture photography, street photography, and night photography

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The standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex

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A twin-lens reflex camera is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length.

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Large format refers to any imaging format of 4×5 inches or larger.

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The gelatin silver process is the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography

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In the digital environment, the content-strategist-as-curator sets up the parameters and strategy on how to manage individual content for the long-term. Sells the collection set

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The exhibition is defined on its web page as a “file exchange exhibition,”

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Framing refers to using elements of a scene to create a frame within your frame

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Digital photography uses cameras containing arrays of electronic photo detectors to produce images focused by a lens, as opposed to an exposure on photographic film.

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Copyright in photography means that you own an image you created

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Delineating shape and form, line constructs a narrative in an image,

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Shape is concerned only with the two dimensional qualities of an object

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Color photography is photography that uses media capable of capturing and reproducing colors.

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photography texture refers to the visual quality of the surface of an object, revealed through variances in shape, tone and color depth.

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Value is a description of an area's relative lightness or darkness.

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Form refers to when shape takes on three dimensions. Form is created by shadows and highlights on an object in the photograph.

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The image should present the moving object with more active space and less dead space

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In photography it's observed when an image has subject areas that look  balanced throughout the composition. It is achieved by shifting the frame and juxtaposing subjects within it so objects, tones, and colors are of equal visual weight.

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involves shapes that go round and round with the same patterns

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refers to a line that splits an object in half and, if both sides of the object are an exact mirror image of each other

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The composition of photo affects the way the whole picture is perceived. If everything is symmetrical it is balanced and lacks movement.

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Juxtaposition is placing two things together to show contrast or similarities. In photography, we use composition, forced perspectives or props to convey the contrasts in the picture

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Just one color. By picking different shades of the same color, you can highlight different areas of your photographs.

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method of expressing ideas and emotions with photographed image elements without the intention of creating a traditional or realistic image

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Variety is about varying elements and objects in your image, to avoid making them boring

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Repetition of an item, color or element creates a pattern, and patterns draw the eye in to a photograph.

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Scale is the size of one object in relation to the other objects in a design or artwork. Proportion refers to the size of the parts of an object in relationship to other parts of the same object.

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Rhythm a movement in which some elements recurs regularly. Like a dance it will have a flow of objects that will seem to be like the beat of music. Movement is the path the viewer's eye takes through the artwork, often to a focal area.

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Unity in design occurs when the elements in a space work together in such a way that the resulting look is balanced and harmonious.

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Emphasis​ is defined as an area or object within the artwork that draws attention and becomes a ​focal point. ... complementary colors

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Cool colors include green, blue, and purple. While cool light can be perceived as calming, it can also be perceived as cold or depressing.

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Warm colors live on the other side of the color wheel. They are red, orange, and yellow. Warm light is perceived as being comforting. Warm skin tones are seen as a sign of health

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Complementary colors are, colors opposite one another on the color wheel—can be used very effectively in visual art, including photography.

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Neutral colors don't usually show up on the color wheel. Neutral colors include black, white, gray, and sometimes brown and beige. They are sometimes called earth tones

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The rule of thirds – used frequently by photographers – states that if you divide any composition into thirds, vertically and horizontally, then place the key elements of your image either along these lines or at the junctions of them

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The Golden Ratio is a term used to describe how elements within a piece of art can be placed in the most aesthetically pleasing way

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Leading lines are lines that appear in a photograph that have been framed and positioned by the photographer to draw the viewer's eye towards a specific point of interest

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Positive space refers to the subject or areas of interest in an artwork, such as a person's face or figure in a portrait, the objects in a still life painting, or the trees in a landscape painting

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Negative space, in art, is the space around and between the subject of an image. Negative space may be most evident when the space around a subject, not the subject itself, forms an interesting or artistically relevant shape, and such space occasionally is used to artistic effect as the real subject of an image

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The term back light refers to the use of a light which is projected from the back of the scene/studio onto the subject from behind. The camera is placed facing the subject. It captures the effect of the light as a highlighted rim or halo around the back edges of the subject.

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Diffused light creates shadows with lower contrast and softer edges than direct light. Depending upon the amount of diffusion, it is possible that the shadows will be so light that you can barely see them.

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Ambient Light traditionally refers to any form of light that the photographer did not add to their image, and can include both "natural" ambient sunlight, or "artificial" ambient light such as a nearby street light, lamp, or similar.

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Chiaroscuro is a photography technique and style often referred to as “clair obscur” or “extreme low key”. ... This style of photography is often well-suited for portraits, still life, and boudoir, or simply to give a scene the illusion of being three-dimensional.

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A brighter background light than the foreground subject by more than two stops creates a silhouette.

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Objective photography is an impersonal image not influenced by feelings, interpretations or prejudice. ... Objective photography is not intended to be a creative process, but a method to make a clear journal, record or evidence of something, events or objects based on facts.

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subjective by simply being a visual art. In other words, it is based on your perception rather than judgments from other peoples perspective

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Giving positive feedback to help the person improve

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Using someone else's work without giving credit is considered plagiarism, or a breach of academic integrity. Any images that you use in your assignments must be cited.

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The term trademark refers to a recognizable insignia, phrase, word, or symbol that denotes a specific product and legally differentiates it from all other products of its kind. A trademark exclusively identifies a product as belonging to a specific company and recognizes the company's ownership of the brand.

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The diptych two images combined into a single frame or presented together, originated in art as a drawing or painting in two parts.

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A triptych when applied to photography, is a group of three pictures. It could be three photographs mounted in a frame, closely associated pictures displayed near each other or three pictures in one image.

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A In digital imaging, a pixel, pel, or picture element is a physical point in a raster image, or the smallest addressable element in an all points addressable display device

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When it comes outdoor photography, that means shooting during “golden hour,” the name given to early morning and late evening when the sun is low in the sky and shines with a warmer color

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The blue hour occurs twice each day. It refers to a period of time just before sunrise when the sky turns from a deep twilight to dark blue and then to light blue just before the Sun peeks above the horizon.

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There are dozens of digital image formats, but the three most common are JPEG a lossy format, TIF, a lossless format and RAW an in-camera lossless format. Lossy means that image data is lost when the image is compressed while a lossless format retains all the original data, even when compressed.

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JPEG is a popular image file format. It is commonly used by digital cameras to store photos since it supports 224 or 16,777,216 colors. The format also supports varying levels of compression, which makes it ideal for web graphics.

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JPEG is a popular image file format. It is commonly used by digital cameras to store photos since it supports 224 or 16,777,216 colors. The format also supports varying levels of compression, which makes it ideal for web graphics.

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Tagged Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers. ... The format was created by Aldus Corporation for use in desktop publishing.

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PSD file is a layered image file used in Adobe PhotoShop. PSD, which stands for Photoshop Document, is the default format that Photoshop uses for saving data.

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refers to a monochrome image rendered in brown tones rather than the grey scale tones used in a traditional black and white image. ... In digital photography an image can be transformed into a Sepia image using digital image processing software.

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A shadow is the contour created when an object or person blocks rays of light from reaching a surface. The shape of a shadow changes based on its relationship with its light source

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That range of tones which lie between highlights with detail and shadows with detail. Usually represents the portion of tone reproduction in which gradations change in proportion to change in brightness.

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Highlights are usually defined as the brightest area in a photo. ... With that in mind, I would like to redefine highlights as the brightest area in a photo in which one can still see detail. The same is true of a great shadow. A shadow is defined as the darkest area of a photo in which you can still see detail

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Post processing is process of editing the data captured by camera while taking the photo to enhance the image. Better the data captured during clicking of photo better is the enhancement possibility. There are more and more camera which have come into market which can capture RAW files

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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Time-lapse photography is a technique whereby the frequency at which film frames are captured (the frame rate) is much more spread out than the frequency used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing.

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A 'light painting' digital photograph is created by the movement of a light or lights, using a slow camera shutter speed, to create a image. Because this type of photography requires a long exposure (typically from one second to ten seconds), it is usually done at night or in an unlighted room.

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In cinematography and photography panning means swiveling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position. This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right. ... In other words, the camera moves perpendicular to the direction it is pointed.

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Understanding Digital Camera Resolution. The term "Resolution", when used to describe a digital camera refers to the size of the digital image the camera produces, and is usually expressed in terms of "megapixels" or how many million pixels it can record in a single image.

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A digital single-lens reflex camera (digital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor.

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A thumbnail image is a small image that represents a larger one. Thumbnails are often used to provide snapshots of several images in a single space. They are commonly used by digital photo organization programs as well as visual search engines.

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SOOC is an abbreviation of the photography term “Straight Out Of Camera”, simply meaning that an image can be good enough to print straight from the camera without further processing

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Vibration Reduction (VR) is an image stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake. Using a VR NIKKOR lens can result in sharp images in low light, under windy conditions or when using a physically large NIKKOR lens, at up to four stops slower with a VR lens than a non-VR lens.

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Auto Mode. Automatic Exposure is when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot. All you need to do is point and shoot. This can be good if you have no idea of what settings to choose and also when you need to shoot quickly

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Program mode (the "P" on the mode dial of most DSLRs) means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed. Program mode also unlocks other functions that give you more creative control over your images.

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Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions as measured by the camera's light meter

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Shutter priority (usually denoted as S on the mode dial), also called time value (abbreviated as Tv), refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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Manual mode on a camera allows the photographer to determine the exposure of an image by letting them select an aperture value and a shutter speed value. This give you ultimate control over the look of the photo, but you must have a deep understanding of exposure, and how shutter speed and aperture affect it.

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The exposure index or speed rating of a film which denotes the film's sensitivity. Film speed is the measure of a photographic film's sensitivity to light, determined by sensitometry and measured on various numerical scales, the most recent being the ISO system.

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In digital photography, ISO measures the sensitivity of the image sensor. The same principles apply as in film photography: The lower the number, the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the resulting grain.

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Film Grain refers to the granular or sand-like appearance of a negative, print or slide. Generally speaking, the higher the ISO speed, the more grain that will form across an image. In digital cameras, higher ISO speeds increases the sensor's sensitivity to light.

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In digital photographs, “noise” is the commonly-used term to describe visual distortion. It looks similar to grain found in film photographs, but can also look like splotches of discoloration when it's really bad, and can ruin a photograph. Noise tends to get worse when you're shooting in low light

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An image sensor is an electronic device that converts an optical image into an electronic signal. It is used in digital cameras and imaging devices to convert the light received on the camera or imaging device lens into a digital image

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Aperture can be defined as the opening in a lens through which light passes to enter the camera. It is expressed in f-numbers like f/1.4, f/2, f/2.8 and so on to express the size of the lens opening, which can be controlled through the lens or the camera

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The f-stop is the "aperture" opening of a camera lens, which allows light to come in. It also determines how much is in focus in front of and behind the subject (see depth of field). The f-stop is one of the two primary measurements of a camera lens

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Bokeh is defined as “the effect of a soft out-of-focus background that you get when shooting a subject, using a fast lens, at the widest aperture, such as f/2.8 or wider.” Simply put, bokeh is the pleasing or aesthetic quality of out-of-focus blur in a photograph...

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Depth of field is the distance between the closest and farthest objects in a photo that appears acceptably sharp. Now your camera can only focus sharply at one point. ... In a photograph with a narrow DoF, only a small slice of the image is in focus. Conversely, with a large DoF, much more of the scene is sharp

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The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light; it is the inverse of the system's optical power. A positive focal length indicates that a system converges light, while a negative focal length indicates that the system diverges light

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shutter speed is the length of time that the film is exposed to the scene you're photographing. Similarly, in digital photography, shutter speed is the length of time that your image sensor “sees” the scene you're attempting to capture

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Bulb mode is simply a shutter speed option that you can select in Manual mode on your camera. It allows your shutter speed to be any length you choose: one second, one minute, 17 minutes, or anything else

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motion blur is the purposeful streaking or blurring of an object in motion in a photo for visual effect. It's a great technique for capturing movement in a still image, and is often used in both nature photography and sports photography

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Camera shake is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. This generally occurs more often if you're shooting on a low shutter speed or with a heavy lens, and can be avoided by using a tripod and cable release setup.

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Just as the TRI in tripod means three, the MONO in monopod means – you guessed it – one! They are simply a single leg support on which you can mount your camera and/or lens. They too come in different sizes and will support different weight limits. ... This photo was taken using a 400mm f/2.8 lens.

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A full-frame DSLR is a digital single-lens reflex camera (DSLR) with a 35 mm image sensor format

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Advanced Photo System type-C (APS-C) is an image sensor format approximately equivalent in size to the Advanced Photo System film negative in its C ("Classic") format

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In digital photography, the crop factor, format factor, or focal length multiplier of an image sensor format is the ratio of the dimensions of a camera's imaging area compared to a reference format; most often, this term is applied to digital cameras, relative to 35 mm film format as a reference

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A prime lens is a fixed focal length lens that does not allow you to zoom in or out

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A telephoto lens is a long-focus lens that allows photographers to utilize a focal length that is in fact shorter than the lens' physical length