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In open loop systems, the water is taken directly from a water source and into the heat pump where it then can either be recycled back into the same source or pumped into another water source (without polluting). The only difference with the water going in and out is a slight change in temperature. Although these can be cheaper, they also require a steady flow of water capable of powering your home.

These four types of geothermal heat pumps can be used all over the country due to the constant temperature below the surface, but they vary in efficiency and cost savings.

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Closed loop horizontal systems are the most cost-effective for residential areas. For larger commercial buildings, closed loop vertical systems are more often used. These can sometimes go down 400 feet deep. Closed loops constructed under or in a pond or lake are usually the cheapest.

In closed loop systems, a water/antifreeze mixture circulates through a loop of pipes underground (or beneath a body of water) and into a building. In the winter (as shown above), the temperatures underground are warmer than the air, so the fluid pumping in is warmer. Then the electric compressors and heat exchangers transfer the heat through ducts in the building.

In the summer, the pipes draw heat away from the building and it is absorbed into the earth or water. Since the fluid is already cool in the summer and warmer than the air in the winter, the heater/AC system doesn’t have to work nearly as hard.

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Powering your home with a geothermal heat pump allows you to harness the temperatures below the surface of the earth to heat or cool a structure. Even though the temperatures above ground fluctuate during the seasons throughout the years, the temperature below the surface remains consistent between 50˚F - 60˚F year round.

There are four types of pumps, three closed-loop systems and open-loop systems. Each depends on the type of soil, climate conditions and land available.

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In these binary cycle plants, the main difference is that the water or steam from below the earth never comes in direct contact with the turbines. Instead, water from geothermal reservoirs is pumped through a heat exchanger where it heats a second liquid—like isobutene (which boils at a lower temperature than water.)

This second liquid is heated into steam, which powers the turbines that drives a generator. The hot water from the earth is recycled into the earth through the injection well, and the second liquid is recycled through the turbine and back into the heat exchanger where it can be used again.

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Flash steam plants differ from dry steam because they pump hot water, rather than steam, directly to the surface. These flash steam plants pump hot water at a high pressure from below the earth into a “flash tank” on the surface.

The flash tank is at a much lower temperature, causing the fluid to quickly “flash” into steam. The steam produced powers the turbines. The steam is cooled and condenses into water, where it is pumped back into the ground through the injection well.

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Allan Gabriel Alavata (participated)
Carlos Del Castillo (participated)
John Paul Maipid (participated)
Lei Harizon Torres (did not participate)

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Dry steam plants are the most common types of geothermal power plants, accounting for about half of the installed geothermal plants. They work by piping hot steam from underground reservoirs directly into turbines from geothermal reservoirs, which power the generators to provide electricity. After powering the turbines, the steam condenses into water and is piped back into the earth via the injection well.

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There are three main types of geothermal energy plants that generate power in slightly different ways:

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There are three main types of geothermal energy plants that generate power in slightly different ways:

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Geothermal power does not require the burning of any fossil fuels. The hot water or steam used is returned to the ground after it is used where it can be used again, which makes it a renewable energy source as well.

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People can capture geothermal energy through:

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People can capture geothermal energy through:

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Geothermal power plants, which use heat from deep inside the Earth to generate steam to make electricity.

Geothermal heat pumps, which tap into heat close to the Earth's surface to heat water or provide heat for buildings.

At a geothermal power plant, wells are drilled 1 or 2 miles deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot water to the surface. You're most likely to find one of these power plants in an area that has a lot of hot springs, geysers, or volcanic activity, because these are places where the Earth is particularly hot just below the surface.

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Geothermal reservoirs are pools of water heated by magma deep below the surface. Water or steam can escape from cracks in the earth in the form of geysers (or sometimes as magma from a volcano). The ability to harness the steam is what powers a geothermal power plant.

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https://www.saveonenergy.com/how-geothermal-energy-works/
https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/solutions/technologies/geothermal.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_energy

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Not all geothermal energy comes from power plants. Geothermal heat pumps can do all sorts of things from heating and cooling homes to warming swimming pools. These systems transfer heat by pumping water or a refrigerant (a special type of fluid) through pipes just below the Earth's surface, where the temperature is a constant 50 to 60°F.

During the winter, the water or refrigerant absorbs warmth from the Earth, and the pump brings this heat to the building above. In the summer, some heat pumps can run in reverse and help cool buildings.

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There is a natural source of power found below the surface of the earth that has been around for centuries. Underground, far below us, there are pools of water heated by magma (or molten rocks). These pools of water make up our geothermal reservoirs. Harnessing the power of the earth’s temperatures to power, heat or cool our homes and businesses is the essence of geothermal power.

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HOW MAGMA CAN BE USED FOR GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

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HOW MAGMA CAN BE USED FOR GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

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Geothermal energy is defined as the thermal or heat energy generated and stored in the Earth. Magma is hot molten rock that can be found in the Earth. Therefore, it is possible to take advantage of its geothermal energy.

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This is a Padlet work that aims to show how magma can be used for power generation.