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https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B8YskzSO0U-QelQxMmo5MlM1M00

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https://www.nwf.org/Wildlife/Wildlife-Library/Invertebrates/Water-Strider.aspx

http://www.egpet.net/vb/threads/27715-Interesting-Examples-of-Surface-Tension-in-our-Day-to-Day-Life#axzz4fSKTzyTQ

http://surfacetension1.weebly.com/a-world-without-surface-tension.html

https://chem.libretexts.org/Core/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry/Physical_Properties_of_Matter/States_of_Matter/Properties_of_Liquids/Surface_Tension

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/surten.html

https://water.usgs.gov/edu/qa-solvent.html

https://www.thoughtco.com/why-is-water-the-universal-solvent-609417

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Chemical/watersol.html

http://the-importance-of-water.weebly.com/the-importance-of-water-as-a-solvent-in-daily-life-industries-and-the-environment.html

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Relationship of Water as a Universal Solvent to the Water Cycle

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Relationship of Water as a Universal Solvent to the Water Cycle

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When water goes throughout the water cycle it takes valuable minerals and nutrients with it which are useful as it goes throughout the cycle, it makes water easier to evaporate as well because because it makes the ions weaker as a solvent in turn making it easier to break apart ionic compounds.

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Relationship of Water as a Universal Solvent to Chemistry

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Relationship of Water as a Universal Solvent to Chemistry

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Water is called the universal solvent because more substances dissolve in water than in any other chemical. This has to do with the polarity of each water molecule. The hydrogen side of each water molecule carries a slight positive electric charge, while the oxygen side carries a slight negative electric charge. This helps water dissociate ionic compounds into their positive and negative ions. The positive part of an ionic compound is attracted to the oxygen side of water while the negative portion of the compound is attracted to the hydrogen side of the water.

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Human/Global Impact of Water as a Universal Solvent

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Human/Global Impact of Water as a Universal Solvent

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With water as the solvent, osmotic pressure reacts to transport the needed water into cells. With cells bathed in the interstitial fluid, diffusion contributes to carrying needed molecules into the cells. When more complex mechanisms control the transport of molecules across the membranes into and out of cells, the presence of water as the surrounding medium and solvent is essential.

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Water as a Universal Solvent in the Real World

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Water as a Universal Solvent in the Real World

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Water allows chemical reactions to take place because it allows dissolved chemicals to move around.  Because of this, water is used as a solvent in many industries that make substances such as foods, medicines, fertilisers, paints, pesticides, adhesives and paper.  It is also sometimes used as a solvent in mining.  As an example, leach mining uses a series of wells to inject or an aqueous acid solution into rocks below ground.  Metals are also processed with water as an essential part of the process.

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Water as a Universal Solvent Definition 

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Water as a Universal Solvent Definition 

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Water is called the "universal solvent" because it dissolves more substances than any other liquid. This is important to every living thing on earth. It means that wherever water goes, either through the ground or through our bodies, it takes along valuable chemicals, minerals, and nutrients.

It is water's chemical composition and physical attributes that make it such an excellent solvent. Water molecules have a polar arrangement of the oxygen and hydrogen atoms—one side (hydrogen) has a positive electrical charge and the other side (oxygen) had a negative charge. This allows the water molecule to become attracted to many other different types of molecules. Water can become so heavily attracted to a different molecule, like salt, that it can disrupt the attractive forces that hold the sodium and chloride in the salt molecule together and,therefore, dissolve it.

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This Video shows how surface tension works by showing how a less dense object will float on a liquid until it breaks the surface tension

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Surface Tension Relationship to Water Cycle

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Surface Tension Relationship to Water Cycle

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The cohesive bonds  in the top layer of a beaker are much stronger than the ones below. This is because all of the layers below have weaker cohesive bonds because they have to hold on to each other . Whereas the top layer only has air above.

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Surface Tension Relationship to Chemistry

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Surface Tension Relationship to Chemistry

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Surface tension of liquids result from uneven balance of intermolecular attractive forces or how the particles stick together(cohesion). Molecules in a bulk area of a liquid experience cohesive forces in all directions but, molecules at the surface only experience inward cohesion which is where surface tension comes from.

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Without Surface Tension everything would sink underwater even the smallest and lightest things. Dust particles for example would sink to the bottom and kill all of the vegetation below thus affecting marine life making it die off and therefore destroying entire ecosystems. Furthermore there would be no life on earth there also wouldn't be hydrogen bonding; which is what makes liquid, liquid. Water and all other liquids would be gases and because all living creatures need water to survive there would be no life on earth. Even if water was still water we need surface tension in our bodies to keep the billions of cells in our body alive. If surface tension wasn't in our body all the acids, blood, saliva, and every other liquid in our body would mix together and we would die.

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Surface Tension in the real world can be seen in a lot of places, for example the water strider which is a fairly interesting insect which can walk on the water, water molecules are attracted to each other, and like to stay together, especially on the surface where there is only air above. The attraction between water molecules creates tension and a very delicate membrane. Water striders walk on this membrane using their legs which have tiny hairs that repel water and capture air. By repelling water, the tiny water striders stand on the water’s surface and the captured airs allows them to float and move easily. Another Example would be Waxing changes the surface properties of your car. When the rains drops fall on your waxed car they smoothly slide down to the ground keeping your car neat and clean and untouched. Water tends to adhere weakly to the wax and strongly to itself.

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Surface tension is the amount of force necessary to expand the area of the surface of a liquid, they are the forces between molecules of a liquid and are measured in dynes/cm