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Dear Diary,

Today for History class , i was assigned to do research for Defense, Transport and Economic connections.

For my Transport, i found out that Orang Laut families are considered as original inhabits of the islands in Southeast Asia. They were known by gathering products from the seas to trade and  their boating skills.
Next up on the list is defense,  during my research on the internet. Since technology was not advanced that time, people had created Arrowheads , even though it was not like a pistol, it had a better advantage as it had two features like using as a knife and also being used as a gun .
Last but not least Economic Connections, People from other countries came to Singapore to barter trade and sell their items. All around the global, People traded overtime and Singapore became a multi-racial country as two bowls were very precious and expensive had been popular among the people from different races , countries and cultures living in Singapore.

That's all for today diary , Talk to you later when i'm free !

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Singapore’s economic life before the 1819 Is that In the late 14th century of Singapore, the trade of ceramic and porcelain bowls was probably popular among foreigners.Besides that, glass beads may have been popular as decorative objects and were sold at Fort Canning Hill.Thousands of glass beads were discovered at Fort Canning Hill, dating back to the 14th century.

Time Period : BEFORE 1819
Type of source : Museum
What area this source revealed:  Economic connections

Evidence :
Both of these bowls were very precious and expensive at that time which shows Singapore’s wealthy lifestyle. They were also popular among the people from different countries, races and cultures living in Singapore. This shows that Singapore was a multi-racial country.

Inference :
The vast number of beads indicate that they may have been popular among the people as decorative objects, and these glass beads were all discovered at Fort Canning Hill. This indicates that the glass beads may have been sold at Fort Canning Hill, as they were found nowhere else in Singapore

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Recent excavations in Fort Canning found some evidence indicating that Singapore was an important port in the 14th century.

Time Period : BEFORE 1819
Type of source :  Museum
What area this source revealed:
Economic Connections

Evidence :
From examining the sources such as the as well as broken shards of pottery and ceramics found at Fort Canning Hill , there is existed traders from other parts of the world coming to Singapore to trade before 1819. One was the fall of Srivijaya kingdom , the role  of temasek an entrepôt and advantages of monsoons to temasek and the role of sang utama and the orang laut .

Inference :
The economic connections Singapore had with India, China and other  parts of Southeast Asia most probably due to the rise of Temasekwhich was caused by the fall of the kingdom .

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An arrowhead is a tip, usually sharpened, added to an arrow to make it more deadly or to fulfill some special purpose.

Time Period : BEFORE 1819
Type of Source : Internet
What area this source revealed: Defence

Evidence :
Singapore had connections with other countries, Singapore was very wealthy, and that Singapore had military defense against other countries that may attempt to attack them.

Inference :
The technology was not advanced yet and soldiers had to use that instead of guns as projectile weapons.

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Keypoint 1: "This tells me Singapore had connections with other countries."

Singapore: The Making Of A State-Nation,1300-1975, Pg 69, Source 6

These coins were found at the Parliment House near the Singapore river. An image of Buddha can be seen on most of the coins found.

Dong Son Drums (180 BC) Singapore: The Making Of A State-Nation,1300-1975, Page 55.

Dong Son Drums

The Dong Son Drums are from North Vietnam, and were made with bronze. They were traded to Singapore using the maritime trade route.

Source 4: High Quality Greenware

Greenware (14Century) Fort Canning. Taken 25 Feb 2014

The high quality greenware is from ancient China, and only rich and wealthy people or the king has it.

Keypoint 2:"Singapore was very wealthy."

Gold Ornaments

Gold Ornaments (1600s) Singapore Museum. Taken 25 Feb 2014.

This is a javanese gold ornament, dated to the 14th century. It has the design of the Hindu god, Kala on it.

Keypoint 3:"Singapore had military defences against other countries."

Source 3: Arrow Heads

Arrowhead (1200s) Singapore Museum, Taken 25 Feb 2014

Arrowheads were used instead of guns and pistols. It can be used either like a knife, or shot like a gun. This source tells me that the technology was not advanced yet and soldiers had to use that instead of guns as projectile weapons.

In conclusion, these sources tells me that Singapore had connections with other countries, Singapore was very wealthy, and that Singapore had military defences against other countries that may attempt to attack them.

Blog and posts by Zann, Nicole, Amelia and

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Keypoint 1: "This tells me Singapore had connections with other countries." Singapore: The Making Of A State-Nation,1300-1975, Pg 69, Source 6 These coins were found at the Parliment House near the Singapore river. An image of Buddha can be seen on most of the coins found.

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A picture of Orang Laut families who are considered as original inhabitants of many islands in Southeast Asia.

Time Period : BEFORE 1819
Type of Source : Internet
What area this source revealed: Transport

Evidence :
According to the book, "SINGAPORE: The Making Of A Nation-State, 1300-1975", it states that the Orang Laut knew how to gather products from the seas to trade. Also, the Orang Laut were known for their boating skills. Hence, one of the transportations in Singapore before the 1819 was by boats.

Inference :

From Source 1, I can infer that one of the transportation in Singapore before the 1819 is by boats

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1. Singapore's Transportation Before 1819

A picture of Orang Laut families who are considered as original inhabitants of many islands in Southeast Asia.

From Source 1, I can infer that one of the transportation in Singapore before the 1819 is by boats.

According to the book, "SINGAPORE: The Making Of A Nation-State, 1300-1975", it states that the Orang Laut knew how to gather products from the seas to trade. Also, the Orang Laut were known for their boating skills. Hence, one of the transportations in Singapore before the 1819 was by boats.

From Source 2, I can infer that many people came to Singapore by boats and it was the main source of transportation.

There are pirates who launched frequent attacks on passing ships returning to China . Singapore was a busy port as many people travelled there by ships and boats. Also, the boats and ships of kingdoms and empires came to Temasek with goods to trade. Thus, I can infer that many people came to Singapore by boats and it was the main source of transportation.

2. Singapore's Communication Before 1819

This is the Singapore stone that has the earliest writing found in Singapore, and was discovered at the mouth of the Singapore River. However, the writing on the stone cannot be deciphered. (10th-14th centuries)
My Inference:
From Source 1, I can infer that one of the ways people communicated in the oldendays is by inscribing on the Singapore stone.
My Explanation:
When people inscribed on the Singapore Stone, the objectives of them doing so should be to pass information to one another. Hence, they made use of the Singapore Stone as a platform to communicate.
Source 2:

This is the Sejarah :Melayu (Which is also known as Malay Annals)written by a court official. It is about the rulers of Malacca Sultanate and their descendants. (16th Century)
My Inference:
From Source 2, I can infer that Malay was a common language used by the people in the olden days to communicate.
My Explanation:
The intentions of writing the Sejarah Melayu should be to pass down the stories of people who lived in the past to the younger generation.Thus , the language used must be a common language that is widely known and enable the younger generation to comprehend. Hence, I can infer that Malay was a common language used by the people in the olden days to communicate.

3. Singapore's Political Life Before 1819

This is the keramat of Sir Iskandar Shah which is found at Fort Canning Hill.

From Source 1, I can infer that Sir Iskandar Shah was once a ruler in Singapore.

In Source 1, it states that Sir Iskandar Shah's keramat was found at Fort Canning Hill.

Fort Canning Hill was once a place that housed the rulers of Singapore, also, rulers usually get buried at the place where they died. Since the keramat of Sir Iskandar Shah was found at Fort Canning Hill, I can infer that Sir Iskandar Shah was once a ruler in Singapore. Also, rulers usually get buried at the place where they died.

Acknowledgements:

1) http://i831.photobucket.com/albums/zz239/bdebritto/Fort%20Canning%20Park/FCP_2010_17.jpg

2) https://www.google.com.sg/search?q=written+account+by+wang+dayuan&espv=210&es_sm=93&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=eNwzU_PkMqeViAfpnoCADw&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ&biw=1242&bih=607#q=Singapore+stone&tbm=isch&facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=wSSjoG-z_XTxQM%253A%3B98c3I1F2reI9cM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.nusantara.com%252FGIFS%252FSingaporeStone.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.nusantara.com%252Fdesires.html%3B486%3B184

3) http://ivyidaong4.blogspot.sg/2010/12/kon-seletar-of-singapore-houses-on.html

4) http://dreamingwanderer.blogspot.sg/2011/08/singapore-national-museum-4-of-6.html

5) http://www.worldoftemasek.com/index.php/article/history

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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What Was Singapore Like Before The 1819?

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A picture of Orang Laut families who are considered as original inhabitants of many islands in Southeast Asia. From Source 1, I can infer that one of the transportation in Singapore before the 1819 is by boats.

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Covered with the remains of the foundations of buildings, some composed of baked bricks with good quality,. Among the ruins are found various Chinese and native. In the same situation have been found Chinese (Brass) coins of the 10th and 11th centuries

Time Period : BEFORE 1819
Type of Source : Textbook
What area this source revealed: Economic Connection

Adapted from John Crawfurd's travelogue entitled Journal of an Embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts

Evidence :
John crawfurd described a 10 foot tall ( 3 meters tall) granite boulder (rock or stone structure ) located at the eastern tip of the south bank of the Singapore River. This boulder contained words inscribed in a unknown language.

Inference :
Singapore had been controlled by wealthy countries and many rich traders came to Singapore from other parts of the world for trade. One such country that ruled Singapore was Malaysia. Malaysia has very fertile soil, enabling the country to trade herbs to be wealthy.