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8.3, I

An increase in spending and technological developments led to rapid economic and social changes in American society. An increase higher education. International immigration surged. Quotas were abolished.  The Sun Belt sees a gain in influence.

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-Truman's Executive Order 9835
-2nd Red Scare
-McCarthyism
-Both political parties (R&D) supported containing the threat of Communism.
-Students for a Democratic (SDS): used violence as time went on to protest
-Kent-State Protests (May, 1970): reaction to Cambodia bombings
-The merits of a large nuclear arsenal
-The "military and industrial county"
-Build up of military and industries throughout the US
-Eisenhower warned of this in his farewell address
-US involvement in the Middle East was shaped by ideological, military, and economic concerns.
-Suez Crisis (1956)
-The US helped end the conflict (feared the Soviets would get involved.)
-Oil crisis helped initiate attempts at creating a national energy policy
-Cartel formed by mostly Middle Eastern countries to control supply of oil
-OPEC placed an oil embargo on the US (1973)

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In a nutshell, The Civil Rights movement was many minorities chances to get equality and equal rights for themselves.
- Nonviolent protest tactics by MLK
- Sit- ins and Boycotts and marches was something that MLK initiated to show that a different tactic could be used in hopes of freedom.
- Violent protest by Black Panthers
- riots and fighting back
This movement would be most supported by Malcom X would believe
- 1984 the US military had desegregated..
- Guaranteed equal access to public accommodations
-Discrimination in the workplace became illegal
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*Anxiety over the Cold War changed US culture leading to political and moral debates*

Mass culture erupted to reject previous generations ideals. Such things that powered this movement were:
- Rock & Roll
- Feminists
- Counter culture of 1960's AKA hippies
- Anxiety and hysteria of the cold war

Many disagreements occurred between citizens and the government; many protested the Vietnam War

People were active in civil rights and women's rights. This initiated changes in personal lifestyle.

Rise of evangelical Christian Churches - "Born Again Christians" - personal conversion

Roe VS Wade - outlawed abortion (considered a victory for feminism and civil liberties)

SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty was an agreement to limit nuclear weapons in order to ease tension between U.S and U.S.S.R

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- The U.S. formed NATO in opposition to the Soviet Union.
- They developed 2 pieces of international aid (Marshall Plan, IMF, and Truman Doctrine)
- The US contained communism through military engagements in Korea and Vietnam.
- The closest the US and the Soviets came to war was the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962.
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(8.2 III) - Liberalism
Definition: limiting communism abroad ; belief in the power of government to achieve goals at home
-LBJ's Great Society- sought to end racial discrimination with:
-Civil Rights Act
-Voting Rights Act
-24th Amendment: eliminated poll taxes
-War on Poverty: Food stamps, Head Start, Medicare & Medicaid
-Education provided $ for both primary & secondary education
Supreme Court Decisions:
-Miranda vs. Arizona: those arrested must be aware of their rights
-Griswold vs. Connecticut: forbade law for contraception & established "right to privacy"
Rise of conservatism:
-Belief in limited federal
government
-Notable conservatives include Barry Goldwater, Ronald Reagan and Phyllis Schlafy and Jerry Falwell
-Lack of trust in government stemmed from Watergate (Nixon), Stagflation (Ford), and Iranian Hostage Crisis (Carter).

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-"Responding to social conditions and the African American civil rights movement, a variety of movements emerged that focused on issues of identity, social justice, and the environment".

African American Civil Rights-  During this time Malcom X, Blank Panthers and Martin Luther King were major influences. There were many protest, and movements during this time. African Americans faced discrimination due to the color of their skin and they were fighting for equal rights just like the other groups of people like Latinos, and Asian Americans.

Latinos-  Latinos fought for their rights for farm workers,Latino students, language, and oppression of speaking their native language.

Native Americans- During this time Native Americans had a thing called "Indians of all tribes" and "American Indian Movement" which was used to protest the injustice the Natives faced, from the land that was taken from them, mass murder and striping of their culture.

Asian Americans- During this time many activist spoke up for their peoples rights, months of protest occurred. In 1965 strict immigration quotas were passed Chinese immigrants had difficult working and living conditions. They were exploited at their jobs and they were neglected by many. Chinese faced many injustices.

Feminists/Gay/Lesbian-  They advocated for equal rights by lobbying, street marches, social groups, and just informing others of the discrimination they go through.