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Opinion Piece

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This article highlights some of the successful woman who have made a huge contribution to medicine. I think this article is very important because recognizing woman’s achievements is the first step to woman’s equality. A lot of people don’t realize how many woman actually made a huge contribution to the evolution of medicine and without these discovers we wouldn’t be as far and advanced in the medical services as we are.

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There are six times more men than women working in the fields of science, technology and engineering, so it stands to reason that there won't be an equal amount of role models available to women considering entering the professions, to rectify this the Medical Research Council has produced a book celebrating great scientific achievements made by women in the past 100 years. In accompaniment this evening there will be a talk'Are Women Changing Science' at the ICA in London

The Guardian's careers website is also running a live Q&A today on career options for physics graduates

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100 years of scientific breakthroughs - by women

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There are six times more men than women working in the fields of science, technology and engineering, so it stands to reason that there won't be an equal amount of role models available to women considering entering the professions, to rectify this the Medical Research Council has produced a book celebrating great scientific achievements made by women in the past 100 years.

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This video is a great video for showing the growth of woman’s jobs in medicine. It brings statistics to show how much improvement has happened in the USA. It also tells the story of Nancy Dickey, the first female president of the American medical association. This video is important in relation to woman in medicine because it’s important to know who started woman’s medical evolution in America.

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This week's show is dedicated to all of the doctors around the world! http://womencandoanything.org

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                                                                   References 

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                                                                   References 

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Frederikia Whitehead. (2011). 100 Years of Scientific Breakthroughs- By Woman.

Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/society/gallery/2011/mar/09/scientific-

breakthroughs-by-women

Lyons, A. S. (n.d.). Medical History - Women in Medicine. Retrieved March 24, 2017, from

http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/6355/1/Medical-History--Women-in-Medicine.html

Science Museum Brought to Life. (n.d.). Women in Medicine . Retrieved March 24, 2017, from

http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/themes/practisingmedicine/women

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Warning: graphic content. The reason we chose this video is because Barbra’s story directly reflects how access to medicine and medical care is critical to saving woman’s life’s. Barbra received medicine and medical care to the best of the medical association’s ability and it saved her life. I hope this video can be shared in hopes for people to be aware of what we take for granted, can save woman’s lives; like Barbra’s.

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Medicine for Humanity-Global Healthcare for Women

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Medicine for Humanity is an international medical care and teaching organization dedicated to improving the health of women around the world. During the past fifteen years, groups of highly trained and dedicated volunteer doctors and resident physicians from all over the United States have traveled to 24 countries throughout the developing world bringing much needed medical care and creating sustainable programs of education, prevention and treatment for women.

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Five Women Biologists in Developing Countries Win 2016 Elsevier Foundation Awards

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Five Women Biologists in Developing Countries Win 2016 Elsevier Foundation Awards

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This article highlights the life changing work of amazing women in the medicinal field, that are contributing immensely to global health care research and discoveries.

Bringing attention to great intelligent individuals such as these women really allows daughters to grow up knowing they can achieve their dreams of changing the world.

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Five researchers have been named winners of the 2016 Elsevier Foundation Awards for Early Career Women Scientists in the Developing World, in recognition of research that has strong potential health and economic benefits. The winning scholars from Indonesia, Nepal, Peru, Uganda and Yemen are being honored for their accomplishments in nutrition, psychiatry, biotechnology, women's health, bioenvironmental sciences and epidemiology. They are also celebrated for mentoring young women scientists who are pursuing careers in agriculture, biology and medicine in their respective countries.

The Elsevier Foundation awards are given in partnership with the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World ( OWSD) and The World Academy of Sciences ( TWAS) for the advancement of science in developing countries. The five winners will receive their awards on February 13 th during a ceremony at the Gender & Minorities Networking Breakfast at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Annual Meeting in Washington D.C.

The 2016 winners are:

● Dr. Etheldreda Nakimuli‐Mpungu, Makerere University Kampala, Uganda (Sub-Saharan Africa Region)

Psychiatric epidemiology: For her work using psychotherapy as treatment of depression and alcoholism in Ugandans with HIV. Depression is a serious problem for HIV patients throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, making it more likely that those patients will stop taking their HIV-antiretroviral medications. Dr. Nakimuli‐Mpungu is working with service providers to integrate depression screening with HIV-treatment, as well as to include local communities in discussions of depression to help destigmatize the illness.

"A country needs human capital; individuals who are productive members of society," said Dr. Nakimuli-Mpungu. "This innovative model helps people coping with HIV/AIDS to regain their dignity, self-esteem and desire to fully participate and contribute to their communities."

● Dr. Sri Fatmawati, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Indonesia (East and South-East Asia & the Pacific Region)

Bioenvironmental sciences: For her work analyzing the medical and pharmaceutical potential of plant and fungi extracts normally used in herbal medicine. Dr. Fatmawati has also received the prestigious Pemenang Fellowship International L'Oréal-UNESCO for Women in Science for research analyzing substances from sponges that may lead to treatments for malaria, cancer and Alzheimer's disease.

"I don't know what the future brings, but I know science is part of my soul," said Dr. Fatmawati. "I hope more young generations will share their life with science for a better world."

● Dr. Sushila Maharjan, Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology RIBB, Nepal (Central & South Asia Region)

Biochemistry and biotechnology: For her work using soil microbes to develop medically useful chemicals. Microbes create a great number of the materials used in medicine, including antibiotics. Dr. Maharjan is currently researching bacterial strains from the high-altitude regions of Nepal to identify substances useful for development of new antibiotics, as well as other medically useful compounds.

"The most rewarding part of my research is to find novel drugs and antibiotics from Streptomyces bacteria of Nepal that have great potential to combat the emerging drug and antibiotic resistant diseases worldwide," said Dr. Maharjan.

● Dr. Magaly Blas, Urb Ingenieria, Peru (Latin America and the Caribbean Region)

Epidemiology: For her work using information and communication technology to solve health problems, particularly sexually transmitted diseases in urban and rural Peru. Dr. Blas also leads the Mama River Programme, training community members to use smartphones to collect basic information from pregnant women and forward this information to a medical ship to schedule visits.

"Female leadership in Latin America is growing," said Dr. Blas. "I feel proud to be part of this new generation of women scientists who are trying to make a difference in their country and in the world."

● Dr. Ghanya Al‐Naqeb, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana'a University, Yemen (Arab Region)

Nutritional Sciences: For her research using chemicals isolated from Yemeni herbal plants for disease prevention. For example, a major focus of her work has been black cumin seeds, which are commonly used as a spice in Yemen, other Middle Eastern countries and India. Her research on these seeds has focused on their effects in protecting the heart from cardiovascular diseases.

"Despite all the difficulties we face in our country, Yemeni women have always worked hard to raise the name of Yemen," Al-Naqeb said. "I am very pleased to represent my country with my scientific research."

The 2016 Elsevier Foundation awards competition focused on biological sciences (agriculture, biology and medicine) and a panel of eminent scientists selected each winner based on her achievements. The prize includes USD $5,000 and all-expenses-paid attendance at the 2016 AAAS Annual Meeting.

This important recognition helps invigorate the winners' careers by providing them with new visibility and extended professional networks, allowing them to engage with colleagues and the public while their careers are still at an early stage. The winners also serve as a source of inspiration for other women in countries where more scientific expertise is a critical need.

"The determination, commitment and enthusiasm of these five women is an inspiration to us all but especially to other women undertaking scientific research in developing countries. This award celebrates their excellent science and demonstrates that their hard work has had an impact both regionally and internationally, despite the difficult local conditions" said Fang Xin, president of OWSD.

"These are exemplary researchers, and their work has enormous potential to improve people's health and support stronger communities," said TWAS Executive Director Romain Murenzi. "Their work will be widely appreciated for the benefits it can bring to developing countries. Just as important, they will serve as models and as inspiration for young scientists - women and men - of a new generation."

David Ruth, executive director of the Elsevier Foundation, said, "Over the past 5 years, we've evolved these awards together with OWSD and TWAS and each year we learn more about the incredible challenges faced by women researchers doing science in low-resource settings. We hope that our awards help shine a light on these emerging women leaders and the important work they are doing in their fields-and what better place to do this then at the AAAS conference where the latest science, issues and leaders come together each year."

The Elsevier Foundation Award winners will be giving a talk about their work at the Global Women's Institute, George Washington University, February 11 th in a session moderated by Dr. Rachelle S. Heller, Professor in the Department of Computer Science.

You can read more about this story on Elsevier Connect.

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Notes to editors
Reporters wishing to attend the Award ceremony on February 13at the AAAS Annual Meeting can contact: y.schemm@elsevier.com.

About TWAS
The World Academy of Sciences for the advancement of science in developing countries (TWAS) works to advance sustainable prosperity through research, education, policy and diplomacy. TWAS was founded in 1983 by a distinguished group of scientists from the developing world, under the leadership of Abdus Salam, the Pakistani physicist and Nobel Prize winner. Today, TWAS has nearly 1,200 elected Fellows from more than 90 countries; 16 of them are Nobel laureates. The Academy is based in Trieste, Italy, on the campus of the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP). Since 1983, its mission has focused on supporting and promoting excellence in scientific research in the developing world and applying scientific and engineering research to address global challenges. TWAS receives core funding from the Government of Italy. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) administers TWAS funds and personnel.

About OWSD
The Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD) provides research training, career development and networking opportunities for women scientists throughout the developing world. Headed by eminent women scientists from the South, OWSD has more than 4,500 members and runs various programmes, including a PhD fellowship programme with over 200 successful graduates from Least Developed Countries and sub-Saharan Africa. OWSD is the first international forum to unite eminent women scientists from the developing and developed worlds with the objective of strengthening their role in the development process and promoting their representation in scientific and technological leadership. OWSD is affiliated with TWAS and based in Trieste, Italy, with national chapters throughout the developing world. www.owsd.net

About The Elsevier Foundation
The Elsevier Foundation is a corporate not-for-profit 501(c)(3), funded by Elsevier, a global providerof scientific, technical and medical information products and services. The Elsevier Foundation provides grants to knowledge centered institutions around the world, with a focus on diversity in STEMM, health information delivery, research in developing countries, nurse leadership and sustainability. Since its inception, the Foundation has awarded more than 100 grants worth over $5 million to non-profit organizations working in these fields. Through gift-matching, the Foundation also supports the efforts of Elsevier employees to play a positive role in their local and global communities. www.elsevierfoundation.org

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Five Women Biologists in Developing Countries Win 2016 Elsevier Foundation Awards

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Five researchers have been named winners of the 2016 Elsevier Foundation Awards for Early Career Women Scientists in the Developing World, in recognition of research that has strong potential health and economic benefits. The winning scholars from Indonesia, Nepal, Peru, Uganda and Yemen are being honored for their accomplishments in nutrition, psychiatry, biotechnology, women's health, bioenvironmental sciences and epidemiology.

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Woman on Reproductive Health in the Developing World

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Woman on Reproductive Health in the Developing World

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This video is a great representation on how important it is for woman in developing countries to receive medicine to prevent childbirth and receive medicine during and after child birth. In just the short time of the video, it lays the facts on how many millions of woman want to avoid pregnancy but cannot because of the lack of contraceptive’s woman have access too. It also explains the current death rate of woman in developing countries due to the lack of access for medicine and compares it to the number of woman that would survive if they had access to proper contraceptives, pain medications, antibiotics etc.

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https://fmwc.ca/

"The Federation of Medical Women of Canada (FMWC) is committed to being The voice of women doctors in Canada, across all specialties and provinces" (Federation of Medical Women of Canada, 2017).

This website is a great support system for women who are in the medical field. We think that support systems such as these promote the power and accomplishments that us women can achieve.

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“It was only during the First World War that the need for doctors combined with declining numbers of men in medical school saw women being encouraged to enter medical training. In theory medical practice is now open to all. Entry into medical courses is competitive, and can be expensive. Some specialities, such as surgery, continue to be dominated by male practitioners” (Science Museum Brought to Life, n.d.).

It is unfortunate that women were only first accepted into the medical field in order to save soldiers.

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http://www.civilwarwomenblog.com/mary-putnam-jacobi/

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“In 1863 she became the first woman to be graduated from the New York College of Pharmacy. Even though she also received a degree from The Female Medical College of Pennsylvania (the first approved, legal medical school for women in the world) and thereafter interned at The New England Hospital for Women and Children, she, sought the prestige of a diploma from a great university" (Lyons, n.d.).

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http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/people/elizabethgarrettanderson

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http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/people/elizabethblackwell

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“These first female doctors, such as Elizabeth Blackwell (in the USA) or Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (in the UK), had to battle considerable resistance. The two women were instrumental in establishing specialist clinics for women and children, and women’s training hospitals” (Science Museum Brought to Life, n.d.).

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1800s- Margaret Bulkley masqueraded as a male doctor “Dr. James Barry” for 46 years. At the end of the century women gained the right to study for the same qualifications as men (Science Museum Brought to Life, n.d.).

“When an autopsy revealed that Barry was a woman, the war department and the medical association were so embarrassed that the findings were, hidden and Dr. Barry was officially buried as a man” (Lyons, n.d.).
http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/people/jamesbarry