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Students will be able to identify shapes based on if it is flat or solid instead of by how it looks.
ex. "That box is a cube and the poster on the wall is a square"

Students will tell the difference between a solid or flat shape.
ex. "The clock in our classroom is a circle because it is flat and the globe is a sphere because it is solid."

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Where do you see flat shapes in our classroom?
Where do you see solid shapes in our classroom?
Where have you seen flat and solid shapes outside of school?
What makes a shape solid or flat?
Can one object be both flat and solid?
Do we normally see more 2-D or 3-D shapes every day?

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This standard is the base for standards in future grades to build off of. In first grade, the standard building off of K.G.3 is 1.G.2, Compose 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional shapes to create a composite shapes, and compose new shapes from the composite shape. The information that is being added is taking the 2-D and 3-D shapes that they learned and taking them apart to make different shapes. For example, the students will learn how you can take a circle and create half and quarter circles within the whole.

In Grade 2 (2.G.1), the standards build off and start to teach how to recognize different attributes of shapes such as a given number of angles or a given number of equal faces.

In Grade 3 (3.G.1), the standards build off and teach about shapes that share attributes and are then placed in a category of their own.
ex. Rectangles, squares, and rhombuses are all examples of quadrilaterals.

In Grade 4 (4.G.1, 4.G.2, and 4.G.3) all expand on learning about symmetry on 2-D shapes and identifying parallel and perpendicular lines on 2-D shapes.

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This topic is very easy to relate to student experiences and lives because they are exposed to different shapes every day whether or not they realize it. You can use examples of balls from a sport that the students really like or even common toys they have played with at school. Using objects that the students are familiar with will help them understand and be able to think of their own examples of the shapes.

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Assessment is simple for this topic because you can use formative and summative assessments of identification and sorting to see student learning. An example of an assessment can be an activity where the students take pictures of objects and correctly glue them on a piece of paper under the correct section of 2-D or 3-D shape. Another example for assessment can be having students identify 2-D or 3-D shapes from a picture. The picture can be a photo of a bedroom with different objects laying around. The students can circle the 3-D shapes and put an "X" over the 2-D shapes. This will help the teacher see what students learned from the lesson taught.

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To help teach 2-D shapes activities such as tracing shapes in sand, making your own shape on paper, and using grid paper to make shapes can be useful.

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To demonstrate 3-D shapes, materials such as clay/putty, base ten blocks, balls, and blocks can be used.

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These geometry shapes are a common tool in most classroom. They can be used to teach this topic by allowing students to see the difference of drawing a 2-D shape on a piece of paper and seeing it in 3-D by these blocks. Multiple sorting activities can be used with these blocks as well as letting the students explore and create another object using the 3-D shapes.

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After the topic is introduced and defined, a helpful activity would be to gather items from the classroom and lay them out where students can easily see. There needs to be a good variety of 2-D and 3-D shapes. Some example for 2-D shapes are paper, posters, and folders (when closed). Some examples of 3-D shapes are a basketball, a clorax wipe container (or any cylinder), and a whiteboard eraser. Lay them out and mix them up so they are scattered. Allow students to come up and help sort the objects into the category of 2-D and 3-D all the while explaining why they decided to sort it that way.

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This powerpoint is a good resource to use when introducing the topic of
2-D and 3-D shapes. It gives definitions and examples of each and allows for student involvement to sort shapes at the end. Even though not all Kindergarteners will be able to read, the pictures will help them understand the material and they may even be able to connect a word to how it is written.

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This video is another good resource for introducing the topic of
2-D and 3-D shapes. It has definitions and examples along with pictures to demonstrate what the words are saying.

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2D Shapes vs. 3D Shapes

Grab a piece of paper real quick and draw a circle on it. I'll do the same here on the screen. Got your circle? Good. Now look around the room and see if you can find a ball of some sort; a basketball, baseball, even a bouncy ball will do. Now which one would you rather play with? The circle or the ball? The ball, right? You can pick it up, bounce it, throw it, or roll it. What can you do with the circle? Nothing much. You can look at it and that's about it!

You've just learned the difference between a 2D shape and a 3D shape. The circle is a two-dimensional (2D) shape. It only has two measurements, such as length and height, and is usually called a 'flat' shape. The ball, however, is a three-dimensional (3D) shape because it has three measurements (length, height, and width) and is sometimes called a 'solid' shape.

Examples of 2D Shapes

Let's see if we can find some examples of 2D shapes. Take another look around the room you're in. Can you find some of these shapes?

If you're looking for a triangle, you could go make a sandwich and cut it from corner to corner. Then you'll have two triangles! Want to find a square? Check out your picture frames or windows. To find a rectangle, go check out your television, kitchen table, desk, or even a book! If you're looking for a circle, look no further than your glass of water. The bottom and the top are probably a circle shape!

2D and 3D Figures

Three dimensional and two-dimensional shapes are present in our everyday lives. The following activities and exercises below will provide practice in creating and identifying two-dimensional shapes and three-dimensional shapes.

Materials

Popsicle sticks

Canned good

Sports ball

Box of food(doesn't have to have food in it- can be any shape)

Glue

Activity

1. Use three popsicle sticks to create a 2D triangle.

2. Use four popsicle sticks to create a 2D square.

3. Glue these popsicle sticks together and create a total of 6 squares.

4. Assemble the squares to form a 3D cube and glue the joints as necessary.

5. Use five popsicle sticks to create a 2D pentagon.

6. Use six popsicle sticks to create a 2D hexagon.

7. Can you list some additional 3D objects that represent these shapes? For example, a stop sign has a hexagon shape.

Additional Questions

1. Examine the can of food. What sort of three-dimensional shape is the can? What two-dimensional shapes make up the can?

2. Examine the sports ball. What sort of three-dimensional shape is the ball? What 2D object can represent the ball?

3. Examine the food box or packaging. What sort of three-dimensional shape is the package? What 2D object(s) can represent the packaging?

Solutions

1. cylindrical, circles are on the ends

2. sphere, circle

3. Answers will vary depending on the shape of the box and could include rectangles and/or squares.

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identifying 2d shapes in 3d figures: lesson for kids - video & lesson transcript | study.com

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Identifying 2D Shapes in 3D Figures: Lesson for Kids - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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Grab a piece of paper real quick and draw a circle on it. I'll do the same here on the screen. Got your circle? Good. Now look around the room and see if you can find a ball of some sort; a basketball, baseball, even a bouncy ball will do.