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Valentina Lopez
and
Facundo Gariboldi

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Fracking explained: opportunity or danger

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Huge Amounts of Water: Each fracturing job would require 1 to 8 million gallons of water to complete. With much of the United States currently experiencing drought, this can mean bad news, especially when fracking is given more importance than the people who need the life-giving water. In a 2014 report, as much as 35 million gallons of freshwater were removed from nearby aquifers in Michigan to be used in just one frack well.

Possible Water Contamination: Apart from possible water shortage, hydraulic fracturing is also linked to water pollution. Pro-fracking may say that there is no proof of such occurrence, but this is only because areas suspected of contamination were not thoroughly investigated. The Natural Resource Defense Council, however, were able to provide a list of incidents of water pollution that are caused by fracking, prompting the council to support the federal regulation of the Safe Drinking Water Act.

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There are enough fossil fuels “locked” in bedrock shale formations.

Lower Energy Cost: With oil and gas produced locally, industries that greatly rely on these fuel resources can become more competitive due to lower energy cost. This is why many believed that fracking has positively transformed the energy situation in the U.S. This can also result in lower taxes, especially when exporting oil is minimized.

More Jobs: In 2012, the oil and gas industry in America employed more than 1.2 million people, which further increased due to fracking,

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Fracking is a slang term for hydraulic fracturing. Fracking refers to the procedure of creating fractures in rocks and rock formations by injecting fluid into cracks to force them further open. The larger fissures allow more oil and gas to flow out of the formation and into the wellbore, from where it can be extracted.