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Role of Protein kinase and Cyclic AMP in CF

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Role of Protein kinase and Cyclic AMP in CF

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Protein Kinase adds phosphate groups to the DNA which changes the protein production to not allow signals to let the water in to hydrate the mucus. Cyclic AMP activates chloride channels in cells.

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The most common but fatal genetic disease causing the body to produce mucus that clogs lungs which results in infection and blocks pancreas which causes digestive enzymes to not reach the intestines and cause a response to digest food.

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What a Cell does when it receives a signal (Cystic Fibrosis)

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What a Cell does when it receives a signal (Cystic Fibrosis)

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Development of CF develops from misfolded or improperly functioning protein (CTFR) Chloride ion channel doesn't work inhibits flow of water leaving mucus dehydrated and thick and sticky. In normal cells, the cell receives the signal and opens to allow chloride ions to pass the cell membrane which leads to sodium and water passage. This doesn't happen in CF cells because the cells don't act on the signal not letting the water ions through, contributing to dehydration of mucus membranes in the lungs.

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Molecules that bind specifically to another molecule, usually a larger one. It basically introduces the change in DNA to the cell because the ligand comes in and binds directly to the DNA altering it causing a disease.

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Transduction is the conversion of a signal from outside the cell to a form that can bring about a specific cellular response.
Step 1: Chemical signal received by cell (reception)
2: series of events happen (transduction)
3: cellular response (response)

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Hormonal signaling (specialized endocrine cells secrete hormones into body fluids into the blood.) Hormones may reach virtually all body cells.

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Only specific target cells recognize and respond. Includes paracrine signaling (secreting cell that acts on nearby cells by discharging molecules of local regulator into the extracellular fluid.) Synaptic Signaling (nerve cell releases neurotransmitter molecules into a synapse stimulating the target cell.)