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Definition: the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic.

Example: Animal, and plant cells

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Definition: any of the distinct types of material of which animals or plants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products.

Example: muscle, epithelial, connective and nervous.

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Definition: a part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function

Example: such as the heart or liver in humans.

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Definition: An organ system is a group of anatomical structures that work together to perform a specific function or task.

Example: Animals have organ systems such as reproductive, digestive, Circulatory, and respiratory systems.

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Definition: the growth of the parts of plants with respect to the force of gravity. The upward growth of plant shoots is an instance of negative geotropism ; the downward growth of roots is positive geotropism.

Example: Plants that grow on slopes start out growing horizontally but then grow away from gravity.

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Definition: the orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward the source of light ( positive phototropism ) or away from it ( negative phototropism ).

Example: Sunflowers bend toward the sun so they can absorb the light

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Definition: the vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved nutrients upward from the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem.

Example: xylem is what moves water and some nutrients through celery

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contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls

produce membrane lipids

Unicellular

Prokaryotic

Heterotrophic

Live in harsh environments

asexual reproduction

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Generally small size

Unicellular

Prokaryote

Autotrophic

Reproduce Asexually

Can live in any environment

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Examples, amoeba and seaweed

Unicellular

Autotrophic and heterotrophic

Asexual and sexual

Eukaryotic

Live in extreme environments

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cell walls which are rich in cellulose

they make their own food

Multi cellular

Eukaryotic

Autotroph

Live in normal environments

Both sexual and asexual

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fungi cannot make their own food

Once confused with plants

Multi Cellular

Eukaryotic

Heterotroph

Reproduce Asexually

Can live in extreme environments but usually don't

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The largest kingdom

Members of the animal kingdom are found in the most diverse environments in the world.

Multi cellular

Eukaryotic

Heterotroph

Sexual reproduction

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a eukaryotic cell has a plasma membrane

Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic

Multi cellular

Eukaryotic

Reproduce Sexually

Live in mostly normal environment

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The cell walls of Archaea contain no peptidoglycan.

Archaea are not sensitive to some antibiotics that affect the Bacteria, but are sensitive to some antibiotics that affect the Eukarya.

Unicellular

Prokaryotic

Heterotrophic

Reproduce Asexually

Live in extreme environments like hot springs or salt lakes

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A lack of membrane-bound organelles.

Unicellular and thus division by binary-fission.

Generally small size.

Prokaryotic

Autotrophic

Reproduce asexually

Can survive in many very harsh environments

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How to remember the Classification order 

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How to remember the Classification order 

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Domain - D - David
Kingdom - K - Kills
Phylum - P - Pink
Class - C - Cows
Order - O - On
Family - F - Fridays
Genus - G - Go
Species - S - See

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Definition: a taxonomic category of the highest rank, grouping together all forms of life having certain fundamental characteristics in common: in the five-kingdom classification scheme adopted by many biologists, separate kingdoms are assigned to animals (Animalia),plants (Plantae), fungi (Fungi), protozoa and eucaryotic algae(Protista), and bacteria and blue-green algae (Monera).

Root word: King: a person or thing preeminent in its class

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Definition: a field of action, thought, influence,

Root word: Dom-: Powerful, ruling dominating, dominion.

Analogy: Your brain would be the Domain of you body.

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Definition: the science dealing with the description, identification,naming, and classification of organisms

Root word: Taxo-: a combining form representing taxis , in compound words

Analogy: Basically, taxonomy is like a sort of Dewey Decimal system, by which organisms can be named and categorized, rather like books in a library arranged according to subject

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Definition: a cell with a true nucleus; a cell with a nuclear membrane and organelle

Root word: Eu-: Easily formed

Analogy: Like a company, with all its different working parts and buildings

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Definition: a cell lacking a true membrane-bound nucleus

Root word: Pro-: a prefix indicating favor for some party, system, idea, etc., without identity with the group ( pro-British; pro-Communist; pro slavery), having anti- as its opposite.

Analogy: If a Eukaryota cell is analogous to a big house with many different rooms, a prokaryotic cell is like a one-room, studio apartment.

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Definition: composed of several or many cells.

Root word: Multi-: a combining form meaning “many,” “much,” “multiple,” “many times,”“more than one,” “more than two,” “composed of many like parts,” “inmany respects,” used in the formation of compound words:

multiply; multivitamin.

Analogy: A lawn has many blades of grass, these organisms have many cells

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Definition: having or consisting of a single cell.

Root word: Uni-: a combining form occurring in loanwords from Latin ( universe), used,with the meaning “one,” in the formation of compound words ( unicycle).

Analogy: Like everyone has one head or one brain, these have one cell.

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Definition: reproduction involving the union of gametes.

Root word: Re-: a prefix, occurring originally in loanwords from Latin, used with the meaning “again” or “again and again” to indicate repetition, or with the meaning “back” or “backward” to indicate withdrawal or backward motion

Analogy: 1/2 + 1/2 = 1

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Definition: reproduction, as budding, fission, or spore formation, not involving the union of gametes.

Root word: A-: a reduced form of the Old English preposition on, meaning “on,” “in,” “into,” “to,” “toward,” preserved before a noun in a prepositional phrase, forming a predicate adjective or an adverbial element (afoot; abed; ashore; aside; away), or before an adjective (afar; aloud; alow), as a moribund prefix with a verb (acknowledge), and in archaic and dialectal use before a present participle in -ing (set the bells ringing); and added to a verb stem with the force of a present participle (ablaze; agape; aglow; astride; and originally, awry).

Analogy: How plants make their own food, these animals reproduce on their own.

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Definition: an organism requiring organic compounds for its principal source of food.

Root word:  -Troph: a combining form used in the formation of nouns with the general sense “nutrient matter” ( embryo troph), “an organism with given nutritional requirements” ( heterotroph); also forming concrete nouns corresponding to abstract nouns ending in -trophy, or adjective sending in -trophic.

Analogy: A heterotroph is like a human or other animal; they cannot produce their own food and must eat other organisms to live.

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Definition: An organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.

Root word:  Autotrophic: Any organism capable of self-nourishment by using inorganic materials as a source of nutrients and using photosynthesis orchemosynthesis as a source of energy, as most plants and certain bacteria and protests.

Analogy: An autotroph is like spinning two magnets to create energy because that's what an autotroph does it creates its own food.

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Definition: An individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.

Root word: Organ:  a grouping of tissues into a distinct structure, as a heart or kidney in animals or a leaf or stamen in plants, that performs a specialized task.

Analogy: Cities, like organisms, are a predictable complex system of social reactor and network.