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Shorter quote (less than 4 lines) that is NOT a part of the sentence. 

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Shorter quote (less than 4 lines) that is NOT a part of the sentence. 

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The researcher explains, "I think that Thanksgiving is good for the soul."

The research explains about why exactly Thanksgiving is important: "Lots of food and post-turkey naps are important for humans" (Author 6).

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Long quotes need to be fully explained by a lead-in phrase or else readers will not understand why the quote is in there.

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- Free standing block of text
- NO quotation marks
- Indent 1 tab (1/2 inch)
- Citation comes AFTER closing period
- MUST have a complete lead-in phrase with a colon

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Purdue OWL: MLA Formatting and Style Guide

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MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (8th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.

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Paraphrasing is putting someone else's thoughts/words into your own words. 

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Paraphrasing is putting someone else's thoughts/words into your own words. 

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It's important to use a mix of paraphrasing and direct quoting in your writing.

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We are a globally renowned resource that provides assistance with English to students, teachers, professionals, and organizations across the world. Our goal is to assist clients in their development as writers - no matter their skill level.

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Purdue OWL® - Purdue OWL® - Purdue University

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We are a globally renowned resource that provides assistance with English to students, teachers, professionals, and organizations across the world. Our goal is to assist clients in their development as writers - no matter their skill level.

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BE CAREFUL OF PLAGIARISM WHILE PARAPHRASING! 

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BE CAREFUL OF PLAGIARISM WHILE PARAPHRASING! 

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Mention the author or source name before starting your paraphrase. Put the page number at the end of the paraphrase. If no page #, make it clear to the reader that the paraphrase has ended.

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Walden University's Writing Center provides a number of services to support students' writing at all stages of their education. We offer one-on-one paper reviews, webinars, modules, podcasts, form and style reviews, web-based instructional content on writing and APA style, and much more.

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Copyright ©2021 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. This website collects and publishes the ideas of individuals who have contributed those ideas in their capacities as faculty-mentored student scholars. The materials collected here do not express the views of, or positions held by, Purdue University. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use. Privacy policy.

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Copyright ©2021 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. This website collects and publishes the ideas of individuals who have contributed those ideas in their capacities as faculty-mentored student scholars.

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Avoiding Plagiarism: Quoting and Paraphrasing

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Begin by starting at a different place in the passage and/or sentence(s), basing your choice on the focus of your paper. This will lead naturally to some changes in wording. Some places you might start in the passage above are "The mother's main charge," "Among the . . .

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This link has a full works cited page that you can use as a reference while making your own.

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Copyright ©2021 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. This website collects and publishes the ideas of individuals who have contributed those ideas in their capacities as faculty-mentored student scholars. The materials collected here do not express the views of, or positions held by, Purdue University. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use. Privacy policy.

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Copyright ©2021 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. This website collects and publishes the ideas of individuals who have contributed those ideas in their capacities as faculty-mentored student scholars.

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Writing research papers has been considered "an invaluable skill" by almost all people (Author 64).

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Very useful for shorter phrases   or specific words you want to cite. 

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Very useful for shorter phrases   or specific words you want to cite. 

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My mom thinks that those "crazy people" should go eat some ice cream (Author 3).

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If using a complete sentence or long phrase, try to lead into the quote with "that," "because" or "whether." 

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If using a complete sentence or long phrase, try to lead into the quote with "that," "because" or "whether." 

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Miss Hall thinks that "Thanksgiving is the best holiday ever because we all need a break" (3).
OR
Miss Hall thinks that Thanksgiving is the best holiday ever because "we all need a break" (3).

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Use a comma for an incomplete introductory phrase. 

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Use a comma for an incomplete introductory phrase. 

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Kevin declared, "Ham is better than turkey."

Anna retorted, "No, you are obviously confused."

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Use a colon for a complete introductory phrase. 

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Use a colon for a complete introductory phrase. 

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Kevin decided to explain to Anna how confused she was: "There is NO way that dry, stringy turkey is better than ham."

Anna decided that Kevin needed more information on the subject: "Do your research before you make ridiculous claims."

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Useful for citing COMPLETE sentences, more than 1 sentence, or a long phrase. 

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Useful for citing COMPLETE sentences, more than 1 sentence, or a long phrase. 

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This has FANTASTIC information about a variety of topics related to research papers.

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Information must be copied EXACTLY if quoting (not paraphrasing)

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Information must be copied EXACTLY if quoting (not paraphrasing)

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If changing something from the original text, use brackets         [  ] around anything you change. 

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If changing something from the original text, use brackets         [  ] around anything you change. 

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Source: Jimmy thinks that Halloween is the best holiday because of the free candy.

Quote: "[He] thinks that Halloween is the best holiday because of the [plentiful] free candy."

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If there is an error in the original work, copy the quote exactly, and put [sic] right after the mistake.

Ex: "I think that brownees [sic] are the best dessert."

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In English, the Latin word , meaning thus or so, is usually used within quoted passages, and it indicates that the quoted text is reproduced exactly as it appears in the original. It can be useful when you are quoting from a source that has spelling or grammar errors and you want to make sure your readers know the errors are not yours. Sic may be italicized (although it's often not) and is usually enclosed in brackets within the quotation.

The following examples are copied from the linked sources, and we have not added the sic or the quotation marks:

Davis has been charged with having a "phoney [sic] destruction device" and "false statement - destruction device." [ Baltimore Sun]

During the noon hour Hernandez posted a message to his supporters on Facebook. It says, "I wan [sic] to publicly thank everyone who has been so supportive of me and my family these past few days... ." [ KCBD]

The company is selling a T-shirt for girls with the following grammatically incorrect sentence written in shiny silver print: "If your [sic] single, so am I." [NY Daily News]

Although sic is useful, we must be careful to use it only when we're certain the mistake in the original text is truly a mistake, keeping in mind that different varieties of English have different spellings for some words. Also, there's no need to use sic when quoting from an old text whose language is obviously archaic.

Here, for example, when quoting the UK UNICEF website, the writer apparently doesn't realize that learnt is a perfectly good form in British English:

" Nesbitt learnt [sic] how with the support of UNICEF these children have slowly managed to return to a semblance of normal life." [ BBC America Anglophenia]

This just makes the BBC writer look uninformed.

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In English, the Latin word , meaning thus or so, is usually used within quoted passages, and it indicates that the quoted text is reproduced exactly as it appears in the original. It can be useful when you are quoting from a source that has spelling or grammar errors and you want to make sure your readers know the errors are not yours.

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https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/03/

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Helpful article about deciding what to quote and what to paraphrase 

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Helpful article about deciding what to quote and what to paraphrase 

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https://harvardwritingcenter.wordpress.com/2010/05/05/to-quote-or-not-to-quote/

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This article explains how to make your paper more than just a whole bunch of quotes. 

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This article explains how to make your paper more than just a whole bunch of quotes. 

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Excellent posters that show how to embed quotes into your writing. 

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Excellent posters that show how to embed quotes into your writing. 

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Get access to files anywhere through secure cloud storage and file backup for your photos, videos, files and more with Google Drive.