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How Did Women's Roles Change During WWII?

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Since women typically did not work outside of the home before World War II, and most women were not eager to start working, special propaganda tools were used to get women more interested in working outside of the home. Since there were so many open positions "propaganda was distributed through print, film and radio to encourage women to take over the jobs for the duration of the war" (How War Changed the Role of Women). The propaganda encouraged women to join the war by convincing them "that they could have an impact on soldiers' lives, and that they could help the United States win the war sooner" (American Women in WWII).

One of the most well-known propaganda characters was Rosie the Riveter. Rosie the Riveter was a "strong woman who urged women to join the work force" (American Women in WWII). She was a "large women wearing overalls, goggles and displayed various pins of honor on her lapel. She wore a leather arm band and flexed her bicep with a rolled-up sleeve, while sitting with a large riveting tool in her lap" (Rosie the Riveter). Rosie was based partially on real-life munitions workers, but at the same time she was a fictitious character. Rosie the Riveter was "one of the most successful recruitment tools in American history, and the most iconic image of a working women in the World War II era" (Rosie the Riveter). The propaganda campaign was aimed at a few types of women: "women already in the workplace... for better wages, girls barely out of high school, and then married women with children" (How Stuff Works). One propaganda campaign said that the real hero of the war was mom because she "said goodbye with a smile on her lips and a prayer in her heart" (Elshtain, J.B. 1987).

Even with all of the propaganda and pressure for women to start working, many women were still not convinced. The war commission "ran programs to train women to do work" (Colman, P. 1995) and they offered "programs to train foreman and male supervisors to work with women" (Colman, P. 1995). The war commission also helped "adapt machines to make them easier for women to work on" (Colman, P. 1995). In 1943 the War Department "joined in the campaign to persuade male employers [to hire women]. They created a booklet that advised employers about hiring, training and supervising women" (Colman, P. 1995).

At first only single women "ages 20-30 were called up [to work], but by mid-1943, almost 90 percent of single women and 80 percent of married women were working in factories, on the land, or in the armed forces (Women During World War 2). Mothers with children "were encouraged to stay at home; however, eventually, [they] were forced to work as well" (American Women in WWII). Some girls even began working at the age of fourteen or fifteen because there were so many open jobs (How the War Changed the Role of Women).

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Since women typically did not work outside of the home before World War II, and most women were not eager to start working, special propaganda tools were used to get women more interested in working outside of the home. Since there were so many open positions "propaganda was distributed through print, film and radio to...

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How Did Women's Roles Change During WWII?

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Some of the jobs that women took over were working in defense plants, volunteering for war-related organizations, as well as managing their household (Women in WWII at a Glance). They were also switchboard operators, telegraphers, mechanics, and drivers (How the War Changed the Role of Women). They became "police officers, taxicab drivers, lawyers, statisticians, journalists, members of orchestras, and ran farms" (Colman, P. 1995). Women were expected to work long hours, but they were proud to help out with the war in any way possible. In 1941 women were already "building dive bombers, making time fuses for high-explosive shells, turning out millions of rounds of machine-gun and small-arms ammunition, inspecting aircraft engines, and making rubber flotation bags for planes" (Colman, P. 1995). Eleanor Roosevelt was a big supporter of the new roles of women in the workplace. She said "in this present time of crisis it is going to be women who will tip the scales and bring us safely out of it" (Knadd, D.B. 2012).

During the war "the women increased the workforce by 50 percent. Racial barriers were broken as various minority members went to work" (Rosie the Riveter). Between 1940 and 1945 "the female percentage of the US workforce increased from twenty-seven percent to nearly thirty-seven percent, and by 1945 nearly one out of every four married women worked outside the home" (American Women in WWII). This was one of the first times that women were able to hold jobs that were viewed as "necessary and valuable" (Partners in Winning the War). Before World War II "women in the labor force were generally young and single. By the end of the war, women in the labor force were generally married and over thirty-five years old" (Colman, P. 1995).

Here are some first hand accounts of women that were employed during WWII.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eKrHfTGWxQ4 Some of the jobs that women took over were working in defense plants, volunteering for war-related organizations, as well as managing their household (Women in WWII at a Glance). They were also switchboard operators, telegraphers, mechanics, and drivers (How the War Changed the Role of Women).

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March of Time: Youth in Crisis (Teens During World War II)

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Presented here for historical purposes only. Part of the March of Time series, this episode (Volume 10, Number 3) focuses on the youth of America and the challenge society is currently facing. There is a vast increase of youth crime, doubling in the two years since the US entered World War II.

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WIlliam Joyce aka Lord Haw-Haw ~ 'Germany Calling' WWII Radio Broadcast - Dec 28, 1941 ~ (2 of 2)

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William Brooke Joyce (April 24, 1906 -- January 3, 1946), sometimes known by the name Lord Haw-Haw, was a politician, author and radio broadcaster, who was involved with the British Union of Fascists and later the National Socialist League (. . .)

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Dresden Bombed To Atoms: World War II (1945) | British Pathé

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U.S. Bombers in First Daylight Raid on Berlin - 1944

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DESCRIPTION Part 1, many bombers strike Berlin and return to England, some badly damaged. Part 2, the Gripsholm arrives in New York harbor with soldiers recently freed from German prison camps. Part 3, Gen. Blamey reviews Australian veterans parading in Sydney. Part 4, Gen. William Shedd and Eleanor Roosevelt inspect garrisons in Puerto Rico.

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WWII In HD: America Enters World War II | History

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Rare Battle of Britain Gun Camera Footage

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Records of Combats, August and September 1940 "This picture is made up from a selection of cine camera gun films taken in combat. They are not chosen because they are the best photographically or because they are necessarily examples of good shooting. They are simply a variety of good, bad and indifferent.

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Gregory Peck - Top 30 Highest Rated Movies

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Twelve O'Clock High | #TBT Trailer | 20th Century FOX

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This gritty World War II action drama staring Gregory Peck, Oscar winner Dean Jagger, Hugh Marlowe, Gary Merrill and Millard Mitchell is seen as one of the most realistic portrayals of the heroics and perils of war. Convinced an air force commander (Gary Merrill) is at the breaking point, Brigadier General Savage (Peck) takes over his struggling bomber group.

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A rare, lengthly interview between Stan Bohrman and Gregory Peck about politics, war, and Hollywood. It aired on TEMPO on KHJ-TV in Los Angeles.

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A mini-biography on the life of Gregory Peck.

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Twelve O'Clock High - The Hidden Influences Behind Star Wars Episode VIII: The Last Jedi

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Along with six other films, Rian Johnson listed Twelve O'Clock High has having had a big influence on the production crew prior to filming The Last Jedi. One can see why this movie went down as an American World War II classic. All the makings of a great story are there.

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By the end of the session, you will be able to discuss the importance of the roles actors play in establishing and maintaining their careers. Analyse Twelve O’ Clock High and the career of Gregory Peck

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1) To examine and discuss the importance of roles in establishing an actor's career and to analyse the film. 2) To examine the importance of the War film genre in U. S. Culture.