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what I've learned for doing my Padlet is 1st  I Understand Why do we have United nation, why do we celebrate that kind of occasion, where did it start like who are the people or  what  countries  are involved during that time. based on my understanding many people died because of that war many people lost their homes and families. I am always asking to others why do we have a president like Duterte?  like it is easy for them to killed and torture many people that they don't even realize the important of life that we are lucky because we didn't experience that kind of war or that kind of situation, let's say that some Filipinos experience war because of Marcos to the point that they don't even have a freedom, but it is not that hard compared to the people that died because of WORLD WAR. for me  it is important for us to know why do we have united nation because it can be the source of knowledge that we cannot  not have or experience the 3rd war because for sure many people or shall I say billions of people will die not just one country it can be 2,3,4,5,6,7 or the whole world. :)

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WWII

Expansion Of nationalism

Totalitarianism of the rise of Dictators

New alliances and New Asian Order

The expansion of the war

Blitzkrieg and the invasion of Poland

Battle of Britain

Europe and the Holocaust

The war in the Pacific

Allied offense

The Aftermath world  war II

The Soviet Invasion

Devastations Across the World

The United nations

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WWI

The Roots of The great War

Internal conflicts in Militarism

The system of Alliance

The Balkan Conflicts

Declaration War

The Western font

The eastern Font

The great War

The Russian Revolution

United State at war

The end of the Great War

Peace Settlements

The League of Nations

The after math Of the Great war

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June of 1914- Archduke Assassination

August of 1914- World War I Begins

1915- Germans Fire

1916- First Tanks

1917- U.S. Enters War

1918- Germany and Russia Peace.

933-Hitler Becomes Chancellor

1935-Mussolini Invades Ethiopia

1937- Neutrality Act

1937-Japan Defeats China

1937-Roosevelt Limits Ships to Asia

1938-Naval Expansion A

1945-World War II Ends

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Nationalism- loyalty and devotion to a nation

Colonial- forming or existing in a colony

Militarism-exaltation of military virtues and ideals

Revolution- the usually violent attempt by many people to end the rule of one government and start a new one

Alliance-union between people, groups, countries, etc. : a relationship in which people agree to work together

Democracy- form of government in which people choose leaders by voting

Imperialism-a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

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Franz Ferdinand

Czar Nicholas

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov

Adolf Hitler

Winston Churchill

Franklin D. Roosevelt

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the number of casualties varies because some statistics do not account for unrecorded deaths; however, it is estimated that 75 million people died. Holocaust alone claimed around 6 million Jews. War criminals were tried of their war crimes such as the Holocaust trials of Nuremberg, Germany in 1945.
The war drove people homeless across continents, at the end of WWI, as much 70 percent of industrial infrastructure was destroyed

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Desire  for lasting peace resounded long before the End of World War II. The Moscow Declaration of 1943 recognizes that the league of Nations has failed and that a successor organization must be created in order to promote lasting international Peace. The charter, which was signed by the original 51 members sate on June 26, 1945, states that the United nations Aim to:

1. maintain International peace

2. Develop Friendly relations.

3.  achieve International Problems of an economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights.

4. be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of these common cause

Three years in Paris on December 10, , 1948, the nations of the world adopted the Universal Declaration of Human rights, a document that protects all of mankind against the atrocities and violations committed both in times of War and in Peace ]

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]One of the deadliest of human conflicts, World War II influenced the political, social economic, and diplomatic ties that can still be felt in Modern International relations:
Truly a WORLD WAR

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with the inclusion of the United States, a new alliance was created together with Britain and the Soviet Union-The Grand Alliance
The second half of the World War II ( 1942 to 1945) can be described as a turning point. three battles became crucial in Allied Victory in its offensives against Axis Powers. The First was the Battle of Midway in June 3 to 7, 1942. Lastly, the Battle of Stalingrad in the Eastern front where the soviets prevented German troops from capturing all of Southern Russia and its oil resources. As for the pacific Front, the American forces under the leadership of Douglas MacArthur, who have left the islands after allied defeat in the battle of Bataan in 1942, gathered strength in the Philippines. Island  Hopping campaign, the Americans defeated Japanese-controlled islands while by-passing others.

FINAL YEARS OF WORLD WAR II
the year 1943-1945 were crucial to he culmination of World War II. May 13, 1943, Axis Forces in Tunisia surrendered to the Allies, giving valuable entry point to Italy. September 1943, The Allies Captured Sicily and Finally entered Italy. with massive advances of Allies Forces since the autumn of 1943, the implementation of D-DAY, otherwise known as Operation overlord or the Normandy landings, a pan to free France and the rest of Western Europe began. Steadily, Soviet forces liberated Ukraine and the Baltic States. In Asia, on the other hand, fighting continued. Discussions of the current  status of the war in the Pacific and the peace settlement in Germany were conducted at the Potsdam conference in July of the same year. September 2, 1945, MacArthur accepted the surrender of the Japanese and officially ended the War in the Pacific

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British forces facing warfare with Germany in Europe, the only nation capable of combating the Japanese is the U.S . The Japanese believed that the only  way to prevent further intervention of US forces against Japanese aggression in Southeast Asia was to conduct a surprise attack, delivering a knockout blow. With the European theater at war with Hitler, Japan launched a full-scale invasion of Asia Beginning with the siege of Northern China. This was Followed by the Establishment of puppet governments in other nations such as Burma, Vietnam, and the Philippines by 1942, Japan dominated much of Asia.
Furthermore, Japanese Soldiers often committed war atrocities such as massive tortures, rape of women and looting.

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defeat of the French, Hitler expected that Britain would inevitably receive support from the last major allied power, the soviet union. soviet soil on June 22, 1941, under the Operation Barbarossa. despite preventing German troops, the siege of the soviet union resulted in Germany controlling large parts of the country.the Commander of the German troops in the Stalingrad attacks eventually sought permission from Hitler to retreat.

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the most terrifying event in the history of mankind happened during the world war II, By 1942 Nazi Germany Stretched from the Atlantic Ocean to the Soviet Union. around five to six millions Jews died death camp alone. This tragically limited European Jewish population by two-birds..

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After the French surrendered, The British found themselves the only force against the mighty Nazi Germany. A new Prime minister, Winston Churchill rallied the British people under the call for BLOOD, SWEAT and TEARS and to NEVER SURRENDER, British retaliated by intercepting intelligence using an efficient radar system, a recent British Invention

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Hitler's next move was to invade the city of Danzig in Poland, a former German Territory. With the continued threat of polish annexation, Britain and France vowed to protect the polish corridor by negotiating with Russia. September 1, 1939, German forces marched and invaded Poland. On September 3, 1939, after an ultimatum against the invasion, the British and the French officially declared war against Nazi Germany. However this declaration  did very little  to the already mobilized German army. known as Blitzkrieg o LIGHTNING WAR, The British were only able to save 338,000 troops because of a heroic maneuver by the British Royal Navy. With an impending French defeat, Benito Mussolini's Pact of Steel with Germany was fully enforced; German Forces marched through Paris, the Capital City of France. The United States, under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, denounced the German Act but remained neutral. Hitler then focused on invading Britain.

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By gaining Momentum in their Military campaigns, the Axis powers-Germany, Italy, and Japan. clear violation of the disarmament under the Treaty of Versailles.

The War Begins in Europe:
German Victory in Rhineland 1936, Hitler began another plan for Expansion. Began a series of campaigns to recover German territories lost in World War I. Believing that European democracies are weak and would succumb to his demands, Hitler and Mussolini continued expanding in Lithuania. Through people as the Führer  or Great Leader, declared himself as the most powerful German on March 15, 1939

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]This moved caused an uproar among the members of the League of Nations, To fuel its military, Japan also took interest in another resource-rich part of Asia, the southeast Asia region.
By November of 1936, having the same interest of limiting communist expansion  and military expansionist programs, Germany and Japan signed the anti-Comintern pact. Italy joined Japan and Germany in 1937

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decline of the Ottoman Empire already being labeled as the sick man of Europe during and after WWI, encouraged much of the middle east to experience a surge of nationalistic sentiments. Asian nationalism was also brewing Mohandas, Gandhi led the reform movements in India against the British Crown with non cooperation and civil disobedience as major platform leading to the Independence Movement

The warning of Democracy
Impact caused by postwar economic and political turmoil, it became difficult for government to remain intact and in power. Most democracies fell under the impact of the great depression, causing higher unemployment, worsening, inflation, and unfair corporate practices against labor. The rise of Lenin in the 1920, communism.

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Totalitarianism and the Rise of Dictators

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Totalitarianism and the Rise of Dictators

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Nationalistic sentiments, the existence of weakened democracies, and the impact of the great depression on the masses, the clamor of people for stronger leadership grew. Totalitarianism is form of government that uses absolute control over sociopolitical and even cultural aspects of a stage. Force in full motion, any opposition were sent to concentration campus or specialized prisons.

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The unresolved conflicts, growing bitterness, and economic unrest that resulted After the end of World War I, 20 years prior, continued to plague international relations. Trillion- truly a world war. the rise of new Leadership fueled by alternative ideologies awakened age-aggressions between the victors and the defeated. Democracy, freedom, and unity are once again challenged and a new world is called upon

The Path to World War II:
First world war Whose Beginnings were caused by an interweaving of complex events, World war II started out because of conflicting ideologies that set nations pitting against each other. continued extreme nationalistic sentiments, the waning of democracy, and the rise of dictators formed new alliances.

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A new world order began to form. In the place of old European Empires, sprang new states, most of which  were democracies. Tsarist Russia fell into civil war, eventually leading to the rise of the communist. Ottoman Empire declined with the abolition of the Caliphate and the Establishment of the modern Turkish Republic. Levied taxes were increased, eventually causing a massive  rise in general prices, Called Inflation. the plan granted Germany a loan of $200 million which led to arrival of American Investment in Europe ushering a brief  period of economic growth until 1924

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The League of Nations GCSE History Revision

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On January 25,1919, the Paris Peace Conference created the Inter-nation Peace  keeping organization  called The League of nations. By January 10 of the following year, the League was established  with 42 member states.

1. Prevent wars by reducing the military;

2. Promote collective security; and

3. settle International disputes through diplomacy.

The league proved to be weak. The Us Senate refused to ratify the treaty of Versailles, which weakened the effectiveness of the League.

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After the armistice agreement, the allies faced a war-torn Europe. Coupled with the desire to reorganize and establish peace between nations, the victors met at the Paris peace conference in 1919 to settle the terms for world peace. 27 European and Asians nations took part in the conference, known as the BIG FOUR.
THE HIGHLIGHT OF THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE REVOLVED AROUND WILSON'S 14 POINTS.

5 MAJOR TENETS TO ENDURING  PEACE:

1. Open covenants of peace

2. Freedom of Navigation,Fair,Trade and the fair treatment of colonial people

3. Disarmament

4. The right to self determination .

5. The establishment of the League of nations.

1.5 million French people died and more that 3 million were wounded. the most important of these is the treaty of Versailles, which was signed on June 28, 1919. The German army was also reduced to 100,000 men, with no heavy artillery, tanks, war planes, or submarines. The German also lost some of its Eastern territories to the new state of Poland.

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Land and aerial warfare became a critical turning point in the end of World War I. for the first time in the history of warfare, airplanes took flight in the battlefront. tanks and poisonous gasses also became critical weapons in the resolution of the Great War.
FINAL OFFENSIVE: 1918
The Russians from the War, Allied victory seemed at a loss.Germans saw the opportunity to attack Paris to finally break the stalemate. Empire finall]y collapsed with the declaration of independence. By November, Germany remained as the only Central power at War.
November 11 at 11 in the morning, the New German government signed the armistice agreement, a document officially ending world War I.

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President Woodrow Wilson of the United States of America proclaimed neutrality when the war broke out in August 1914. May 1915, the Germans torpedoed  an American tanker and sank the British passenger ship RMS Lusitania 1,100 civilians died, including 128 Americans. Single naval battle ensued, the Battle of Jutland on May 31, 1916, where victory between the British and the Germans was inconclusive. German submarines were ordered to Attack all ships headed  towards Britain, many of which come from the United States. April 2, 1917, Woodrow Wilson cancelled all diplomatic ties with the Germany and asked the US Congress to declare war, which the legislative body approved.

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Because Of humiliating defeat, the morale of the Russian military was dampened worsened by the Tsarist government's inability to provide for its people due to military and economic disasters, a series of strikes led byy around 10,000 working-class women in Russia's capital city of Petrograd (formerly St. Petersburrg) ensued. Known as the March Revolution, The Russian working Class demanded for  Peace and Bread and the dissolution of the Tsarist Government. One Important Group, known as the Bolsheviks under the leadership of Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, alias Lenin and the Bolsheviks overthrew the provisional government. On march 3, 1918, Lenin negotiated a peace treaty with Germany, the treaty of Brest-Litovsk. With the Signing of the Treaty, Russia was Officially out of World War I.

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while the Trench warfare of the western Front proved to almost futile and immobile, the Eastern Front was more fluid and involved over a thousand miles of land. On August 30, 1914 at the battle of Tannenberg, In Eastern Prussia and on September 15 at the Battle of Masurian Lakes respectively, the Germans defeated ]the Russians. Italy had been a loose ally of Germany and Austria-Hungary, thereby weakening the Front. Around 2.5 million Russians were either wounded or killed in this campaign. With this humiliating defeat, the Russians were no longer a threat to German Supremacy.
With this victory, the Central Powers led by The Germans, Shifted its Resources  westward where it was much needed

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The World as our predecessor know it has changed tremendously.The modern World poses different challenges to the ever-growing global village. This unity is designed to give you a glimpse of what man has achieved in the modern age-both the good and the destructive-in his quest to respond to the problems that confront him and to charter his future.

In this unit, you will uncover the events that led to the greatest of human struggles great world wars, clash of ideologies, and the yearning of man to finally cooperate with each others.

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Analyze the root causes that gave rise to the world war I;

significant  events that transpired during world war I;

Assess the effects of world War I;

Analyze the efforts of nations to achieve international peace and prosperity;

Analyze the causes that gave rise to world war II;

Analyze the significant events that transpired during world war II;

Asses the effects of world war II;

Reflect critically on learning experiences and process; and

Analyze and evaluate major alternative points of  view

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The Rise of Nationalism and Colonial Rivalries:
The root of rivalries between Europe powers in the 1800 was the rise of nationalism. nationalism is the shared belief of loyalty to the ethnicity and culture of a nation-state.
Nationalism brewed tensions between nations such as France and Germany,with the defeat of the French in the Franco Prussian War in 1870-1871,leading to the formation and strengthening of the German Reich. Nationalistic feelings also emerged in Italy after her unification in 1871 due to millions of Italians living in areas controlled by the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Instead of Promoting peaceful coexistence among European nation states, nationalism forged rivalries due to increasing industrialization, naval, supremacy, colonialism and international trade.

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The brewing tension caused by growing nationalism worsened internal conflicts brought about by dissent between members of the same nation-state. The worsening internal and external situations in Europe caused nations to strengthen large armies preparation for war. between 1870 and 1914, military spending increased, doubling the size of European armies. the Germans having had a long history of political and military rivalry, began a naval race. Military spending in other European nations also ballooned. The Russian army around that time employed 1.3 million men, the largest in Europe. a popular method of drafting soldiers called Conscription became the norm, enlarging most of the armies in the continent.

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Because of the conflicting interests and rivalries, a frenzy of nationalistic pride swept the continent, laying the foundation of a system of alliances. In the interest of keeping French aggression at bay, Otto Von Bismarck, the chancellor of the German Empire, negotiated the establishment of the league of three Emperors in 1863, an alliances between the emperors of the Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia.

The triple alliance composed of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, and the triple Entente, a coalition between France and Britain, shaped the dangerous balance of power in Europe in the onset of the 20th Century

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The Assassination Of Franz Ferdinand
The spark that led to the explosion of the powder keg was the event that transpired in the summer of 1914. on June 28,1914, archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and his wife Sophia, the Duchess of Hohenberg, visited the Bosnian capital city of Sarajevo to open a state museum following the observation of military maneuvers in the city.
The black Hand, A terrorist organization who wanted an independent Bosnia, threw a bomb at the archduke's car on the morning of June 28 but failed to assassinate him.

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Respect for  Different Perspectives

Responsible Citizenship

Value-driven Decision Making

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The assassination of the archduke incited among national lines in Europe. Germany Responded with a Blank check saying that it fully supports whatever action its ally would take against Serbia even if Russia becomes Involved. Since these Demands were too extreme, Serbia rejected them in the interest of sovereignty. on July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
The Central powers, composed of the triple alliance ( Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy), as they call themselves after August 1914, proved to be Unstoppable.

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Much of the early months of world war I were fought by Germany in the Western Front-in Southern Belgium and Northern France. The German defeat at the Battle of Marne ended the Plan, dealing a critical blow to the hope of a quick victory. The advancing German Troops faced a stalemate against the French in trench warfare. no man's land.
Life in the western front proved even more difficult. The Battle of Verdun and the Battle of Somme,Both in 1916, Proved to be some of the most futile operations, shelling out casualties that number to the Hundreds of thousands without any positive result.

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The Alliance between European Superpowers were Further tested by looming revolutions in the Balkan Peninsula, a region in southeastern Europe, led by European minorities such as the Greeks, the Rumanians, the Turks, and the Serbs. Tensions did not subside as the influence of Russia and the Austria-Hungary strengthened in the region. Because of the ethnic conflicts that arose in the region, historians call the Balkans the "Powder keg of Europe" Treaty of Berlin of 1878 provided Austria-Hungary a firm Succession of power in the region with the right to administer Bosnia and Herzegovina On October 6, 1908, the Austro-Hungarian Empire Officially annexed the nation, Giving rise to conflict known as the Bosnian Crisis