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Introduction :

There are some causes and effect for the roller coaster such as the slope :  a surface of which one end or side is at a higher level than another. By preventing energy to be wasted ; Choose an energy-efficient roller coaster . The last thing is the height related to gravitational potential energy. That things may effect the speed of the roller coaster. This essay will discuss about that in details.

Conclusion :

Every thing has causes and effects and all the given are : the slope , by preventing energy to be wasted and the height. That are the main causes and effects. So it can be fixed by using physics laws .

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Force of gravity effects on the roller coaster. Accordingly, the force of gravity acting on the object is acting straight downwards which cause the roller coaster to go down faster (increase velocity) but it doesn’t go straight down it follows the trail its on. So, the more steep the trail is the more velocity acts on the roller coaster, and the more friction acting on the wheel and the trail, the less velocity acting on the object because that causes the roller coaster to decrease its speed, another cause is the objects mass, so the more people on the roller coaster the more mass will be on the object and the more energy will be acting on the object, which effects the speed of the roller coaster because kinetic energy is directly proportional to its mass.

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Another way velocity could increase is by maintaining energy of the system and prevent energy from getting wasted. A rollercoaster is considered as an enclosed and isolated system where energy is not gained or conserved but converted from one form to another . This could help with trying to maintain most of the energy in both potential and kinetic form. However, in the real world that is impossible. There will always be some energy that is wasted in different forms. Friction between the wheels and the trail could cause heat energy to be produced. That is one form of wasted energy. Extreme heat energy could result light energy produced and that is another form of a wasted energy. In addiction, sound that is formed by the wheels causes an energy that could be used to main the total energy of the system. Using materials that have less coefficient of kinetic friction could help in decreasing the friction force and maintaining energy to be conserved as both kinetic and potential energy.

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Why is speed important? If the train is going too slow it may not make it around the track. Too fast, and the forces on the riders may be too great. Several other factors that can influence the roller coaster train speed:

Temperature – The lower the temperature the slower the train.

Wind – The direction and speed of the wind affects the speed of the train (and sometimes forces parks to close the ride until conditions are safe to operate).

Load – A loaded train (with weighted water dummies or people) will go faster than an unloaded train.

Wheel Bearing Clearance – Correct assembly of the wheels reduces internal friction and heat.

Wheel Bearing Lubrication – The amount and type of grease affects the speed of the train.

Track Lubrication – If the tack is lubricated the train will travel faster due to less frictional head losses. Track lubrication also prevents excessive wear to the rails and the wheels, especially those of wooden roller coasters.

These factors play larger or smaller roles depending on what type of coaster you are looking at, wood or steel. For example, track lubrication is primarily a concern of wooden coasters whereas wheel material is a bigger factor for steel rides.

Some of these factors can be controlled by the park, such as the number of guests they allow on the train as well as when to use lubrication. Other factors cannot be controlled, such as temperature, wind (unless built entirely indoors), and the natural lubrication affect of rain.

Time of day is another factor of influence, especially on a wooden coaster.  This is usually directly related to temperature. In the morning, the trains have been sitting cold all night and haven’t warmed up. Often times towards the end of the year, amusement parks will “deadweight” the coasters just to get them around the course. It’s due to the temperature of the wheels- if they’re cold the ride runs a vast amount slower than if the ride’s been running all day. It doesn’t make as much of a difference if the sun has been out for a while and the track is warm, because then the wheels will warm up faster. It’s because of this that enthusiasts like to ride at night; warm wheels mean faster rides.

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Friction is a force that works in the opposite direction of an object that is moving along a surface. Friction can come in many forms, but it always resists motion.

A roller coaster reaches its top speed at the end of the ride, where the force of gravity has converted most of the stored energy into speed. The potential energy increases as the chain pulls the train to the top of the first hill. It reaches its maximum in the fraction. As gravity pulls the train downwarod, it converts potential energy to kinetic.

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Effect and cause

The height of hills affect the roller coaster by the amount of gravitational potential energy that is collected while rising.   Therefore, the higher the hill, the greater the potential energy. The greater the gravitational potential energy, the more speed (Kinetic Energy) is able to be used. As the object gets closer to the ground, its potential energy decreases while its kinetic energy increases. This is located in two places of the coaster where the marble proceeds up in a vertical direction. This makes the marble slow down , but gains energy for the next part of the roller coaster. When the train begins to climb the next hill on the track, the train's kinetic energy is converted back into potential energy, decreasing the train's velocity. This process of converting kinetic energy to potential energy and back to kinetic energy continues with each hill.

Sara Lengawi

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Less friction could make the track faster and smooth to move.The friction exists between the track and roller coaster . When the friction is high  , the track wheel  will be contact with the railroad that will effect the speed of the track . Decreasing the friction at the top of the roller coaster could effect the people in track , the track its self will not be steady and loses the balance then the track will fall down .

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Sara Alawadi

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Roller coaster loops are much like a teardrop in shape, which is geometrically referred to as a clothed loop. A clothed is where the radius is constantly changing, not like a circle where the radius is constant. The radius at the bottom of the clothed loop is much larger than the radius at the top. When a roller coaster is traveling through a clothed loop they experience acceleration from a change in speed as well as a change in direction. In a circle the rider moves to the right, upside down and then to the left. There is always change in direction which is one characteristic that causes an object to accelerate. From energy transformations an increase in height (and therefore a increase in potential energy) results in an increase in kinetic energy and the converse is also true. The effect of this is that the rider experiences the greater speeds at the bottom and the lowest speeds at the top, a change in velocity is also a characteristic of acceleration.