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Located in the continent of Europe, Norwaycovers 304,282 square kilometers of land and 19,520 square kilometers of water, making it the 68th largest nation in the world with a total area of 323,802 square kilometers.

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Natural Landscape

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Urban Landscape

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Here are some inspirations for our project model of the three types of landscapes. Rural Lanscape.

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Najmuddin
Batrisyia
Nur Zaitun

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STAVE CHURCH - III    The stave churches owe their longevity to architectural innovations that protected these large, complex wooden structures against water rot, precipitation, wind, and extreme temperatures. Most important was the introduction of massive sills underneath the staves (posts) to prevent them from rotting. Over the two centuries of stave church construction, this building type evolved to an advanced art and science.

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STAVE CHURCH - III    The stave churches owe their longevity to architectural innovations that protected these large, complex wooden structures against water rot, precipitation, wind, and extreme temperatures. Most important was the introduction of massive sills underneath the staves (posts) to prevent them from rotting. Over the two centuries of stave church construction, this building type evolved to an advanced art and science.

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Vikings’ interest in boat construction and home building, the technique, and tradition of wood carving was further developed. The work culminated in the stave churches.

There are several types of stave churches, but one thing they have in common is corner-posts (“staves”) and a framework of timber with wall planks standing on sills. These walls are known as stave walls, hence the name stave church.

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Stave churches were built in Norway during the Middle Ages, most of them during the 12th and 13th centuries. Until the beginning of the 19th century, as many as 150 stave churches still existed. Many were destroyed as part of a religious movement that favored simple, puritan lines, and today only 28 remain, though a large number were documented and recorded by measured drawings before they were demolished.

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First attempt of model sketching. Some improvements are required and clearer vision of the model too.

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HOUSES IN NORWAY-III     Modern Norwegian farms often maintain many building traditions but no longer need the many and varied buildings of the past. However, many of the traditions have been carried on in more recently built vacation cabins in the mountains and along the coast.Source: Wikipedia

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HOUSES IN NORWAY-III     Modern Norwegian farms often maintain many building traditions but no longer need the many and varied buildings of the past. However, many of the traditions have been carried on in more recently built vacation cabins in the mountains and along the coast.Source: Wikipedia

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Building practices along the coast also included boathouses, fishing cottages, piers, etc. Here, houses for livestock and people were typically built up from the actual shoreline. A typical medium-sized farm in the inland of Norway would include a dwelling house (våningshus), hay barn (låve), livestock barn (fjøs), one or more food storage houses (stabbur), a stable, and occasionally separate houses for poultry, pigs, etc. Houses that had separate heat sources, e.g., washing houses (eldhus) and smithies were usually kept separate from the other houses to prevent fires. Outhouses were typically separate, small structures. If the farm housed craftsmen, there would also be separate houses for carpentry, wheel making, shoemaking, etc.

In Eastern inland Norway and Trøndelag, the houses around a tun were typically organized in a square (firkanttun); in Gudbrandsdal, there was a distinction between inntun (inner tun) and uttun (outer tun). The configuration of houses also depended on whether the farm was situated on a hill or in flatter terrain.

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Many places in Norway farms also maintained mountain farms (seter/støl), where cows, goats, and sheep would put out to pasture during the summer months. These would typically include a small dwelling house and a dairy for making and storing cheese, sour cream, etc.

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Building traditions varied by region and type of structure. Food storage houses - stabbur - were usually built on stilts in ways that made it difficult for mice and rats, but not cats, to get in. Exterior cladding varied by region, often to take into account local climate conditions. Roofs were often covered with birch bark and sod.

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Norwegian Landscapes - Hiking with drone

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Here what we have concluded and observed about the popular culture dominising the Seri Iskandar town!

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Jante Law is an essential part of modern Norwegian culture and emphasizes humility, equality, respect, and simplicity. In Jante Law, wealth is not flaunted, people don't criticize others, and egalitarianism is key.

May 17 is Constitution Day, Norway's holiday celebrating its nationhood. On this day, Norwegians participate in parades with bands, unions, civic and volunteer groups, schools, and performers.

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Norway is best known for two things: It's jaw-dropping prices, and its stunning natural beauty. For those who can afford to go, Norway offers a wealth of outdoor riches -- dramatic, lush fjords; cascading waterfalls; red farmhouses in rolling valleys; and jagged mountain peaks. It also offers impressive history, and some visitors come primarily to see the wooden medieval stave churches around the country or the Viking ships on display in Oslo.

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Much of the culture of Norway can be traced back to the Vikings, a group of Scandinavian seafaring pirates, traders, and pioneers that settled in Northern Europe in the eighth century.

However, throughout their history, the people of this country have always identified with rural culture, which can be seen in its traditional costumes and folk music that are still celebrated today. More modern expressions of Norwegian culture include Jante Law and Constitution Day

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The stunning landscapes of Fjord Norway were created by a succession of ice ages, and since then the landscape has stayed pretty much the same. Fjord arms and their lacy waterfalls are accessible virtually everywhere you go. UNESCO has included the Norwegian fjord landscape, exemplified by places like Geirangerfjord and Nærøyfjord, on its prestigious World Heritage List.

Seasons in the Fjords

The changing seasons in the fjordsmake every time of the year a different experience. True, it’s a classic summer destination, but there’s also Norway’s spring-in-summer, an excitement not to be missed. It’s that time in early summer when you can feel the change in the air and the people, when nature and Norwegians alike are ecstatic about sun and warm weather, and everything returns to life after a long winter.

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The landscape opens up: Waterfalls thunder with snowmelt; the land turns green; fruit blossoms paint the orchards. Or come in fall and experience an explosion of autumn colors and enjoy the sweetness of fresh apples, pears, plums, cherries, and strawberries at local farms.

The most famous attractions in Fjord Norway, like Nærøyfjord and Geirangerfjord, are best savored in spring and autumn, when the crowds are gone and you can take in the spectacular sights in tranquility.

Resource from: National Geographic

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Nowadays , 84.70% of the population of Norway practice Christianity followed by 5.7% is Islam , 5% Buddhism , 0.17% Hinduism and other religions

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ANCIENT RELIGIONS
Before the 9th century, early Norwegians practiced the Norse religion . Polytheistic and full of dramatic stories of conflicts and wars between the gods. According to the legends, the gods live in a realm called Asgard but would travel to other realms including Earth

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Norway got tons of unique landscape places , either Natural or man made architecture , one of them is Lofoten Island , Norway . It is one of the Tourist attraction . If you guys know Famous Musician , Kygo well this is his Hometown , i will tell u a lil bit of the Lofoten Island landscape .The Lofoten Islands are draped across the turbulent waters of the Norwegian Sea, far above the Arctic Circle. Its untrammeled natural landscape of majestic mountains, deep fjords, squawking seabird colonies and long, surf-swept beaches. Heres i'll put some photos so you can judge this beautiful god made creation , well we can call it Natural Landscape or even A Rural Landscape

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CATHOLICISM
Christianity made it way to Norway in the early 8th century. Vikings, who had been converted to catholicism during their travels , brought their new religion home when they returned.

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PROTESTANTISM AND THE CHURCH OF NORWAY
In the 1500s, Norway like much of Europe , broke away from the Roman Catholic Church. This shift came when the royal family converted to Lutheranism and the country followed suite.

In the 1660, the country instated absolute monarchy, at which point " Church of Norway" became an appropriate term.

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Until the 20th century, most Norwegians lived and worked in buildings that were designed and built according to vernacular building traditions, what in Norwegian is known as byggeskikk. These practices varied somewhat by region and climatic conditions and evolved over time, but were largely based on use of wood and other locally available resources.

Since the Middle Ages, most dwellings were log houses with notched corners, carefully crafted to ensure protection against the elements. Centrally placed open-hearth fires with smoke vents in the roofs gave way to stone stoves and chimneys in early modern times. Specialized buildings became commonplace, organized around farmyards or gårdstun. The introduction of exterior boarding (weatherboarding) in the 18th century improved housing standards considerably and gave rise to larger houses.

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The ascent of Christianity introduced Romanesque architecture in cathedrals and churches with characterisistically slightly pointed arches, barrel vaults , cruciform piers supporting vaults and groin vaults