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This padlet analyses two intersecting theories around what constitutes the right kind of 'civilised' body .  'The 'civilising process' is the term coined by Norbert Elias.  This concept links with modernity's need for order and rational efficiencies (Howson 2013, 87). This padlet explores a related concept by Mary Douglas who claimed that different cultures consider some bodies or bodily functions as 'matter-out-of-place' which in essence views them as dirty, polluted, deviant or a blight on society.  Examples, include bodily fluids that are seen as not civilised, therefore dirty and should be kept behind closed doors (Howson, 2013 95-96).

In this padlet I provide examples to demonstrate the above theories in action.

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This Ted Talk by filmmaker Jen Brea, who also produced an award winning portrayal of her continuing health struggle with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS), exposes what Mary Douglas would consider 'matter-out-of-place' as certain illnesses, germs and diseaseshave similar reactions of disgust in society and are highly stigmatised.  In the attached talk Jen discusses the gendered dimension of this illness and how some sections in the medical world still view this illness as a psychological issue due to its link historically to 'hysteria'.  Sontag (1978, 12-13) suggests in her book that metaphors about illnesses deemed 'matter-out-place' can lead them to be seen as socially repugnant.

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Jennifer Brea: What happens when you have a disease doctors can't diagnose

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Five years ago, TED Fellow Jennifer Brea became progressively ill with myalgic encephalomyelitis, commonly known as chronic fatigue syndrome, a debilitating illness that severely impairs normal activities and on bad days makes even the rustling of bed sheets unbearable.

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This tweet from Jen Brea discusses through history what is deemed a natural or unnatural illness.

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@mayadusenbery @thenib @sarahmirk @abeguez The one really interesting detour to this that I find often goes over looked is what happened in the Middle Ages up through the last witch trials. That is, the idea of natural and unnatural illness.

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@mayadusenbery @thenib @sarahmirk @abeguez The one really interesting detour to this that I find often goes over looked is what happened in the Middle Ages up through the last witch trials. That is, the idea of natural and unnatural illness.

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So thrilled about this comic @thenib about the dark history (and long, damaging legacy) of hysteria, based on my book: https://t.co/Bhjk4zDB1y Thanks to @sarahmirk & @abeguez! #doingharm #medicalgaslighting

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Since the beginning of medical science, one diagnosis has prevailed as the main explanation for all female symptoms. It even persists to today.

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The one really interesting detour to this that I find often goes over looked is what happened in the Middle Ages up through the last witch trials. That is, the idea of natural and unnatural illness.
— Jennifer Brea🦒 (@jenbrea) September 10, 2018

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@mayadusenbery @thenib @sarahmirk @abeguez The one really interesting detour to this that I find often goes over looked is what happened in the Middle Ages up through the last witch trials. That is, the idea of natural and unnatural illness.

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Since the beginning of medical science, one diagnosis has prevailed as the main explanation for all female symptoms. It even persists to today.

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So thrilled about this comic @thenib about the dark history (and long, damaging legacy) of hysteria, based on my book: https://t.co/Bhjk4zDB1y Thanks to @sarahmirk & @abeguez! #doingharm #medicalgaslighting

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.original_text
@mayadusenbery @thenib @sarahmirk @abeguez The one really interesting detour to this that I find often goes over looked is what happened in the Middle Ages up through the last witch trials. That is, the idea of natural and unnatural illness.

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@mayadusenbery @thenib @sarahmirk @abeguez The one really interesting detour to this that I find often goes over looked is what happened in the Middle Ages up through the last witch trials. That is, the idea of natural and unnatural illness.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.referenced_tweets[].entities.urls[].description
Since the beginning of medical science, one diagnosis has prevailed as the main explanation for all female symptoms. It even persists to today.

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So thrilled about this comic @thenib about the dark history (and long, damaging legacy) of hysteria, based on my book: https://t.co/Bhjk4zDB1y Thanks to @sarahmirk & @abeguez! #doingharm #medicalgaslighting

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Janelle Monae's new video has created some controversy as she wears a pair of 'vagina pants'.  Private anatomy is something polite society doesn't like seeing or discussing, particularly women's private parts.

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Throw away your pussy hat-pussy pants are in for spring! Thanks to Janelle Monáe's new video for her song "PYNK," there's some new aspirational genitalia regalia. In the video, directed by Emma Westenberg, the musician and actress devotes a lot of screen time to vaginas. Millennial pink is finally over! Now it's all about Monáelle Pink. Or Vagina Pink. Vulvar Pink? Hm, let me call Pantone real quick.

"PYNK is a brash celebration of creation. self love. sexuality. and pussy power!" reads a description of the video on YouTube. "PYNK is the color that unites us all, for pink is the color found in the deepest and darkest nooks and crannies of humans everywhere...PYNK is where the future is born...." Sold!

"PYNK," which also features Canadian musician Grimes, is a track from Monáe's forthcoming third album and "emotion picture," DIRTY COMPUTER, which will be released on April 27. You can watch the whole video here:

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Janelle Monáe Wears the Pussy Pants in Her 'PYNK' Video

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Throw away your pussy hat-pussy pants are in for spring! Thanks to Janelle Monáe's new video for her song "PYNK," there's some new aspirational genitalia regalia. In the video, directed by Emma Westenberg, the musician and actress devotes a lot of screen time to vaginas. Millennial pink is finally over!

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Similar to the 'poo jogger' talking about menstruation in public creates disgust amongst, mostly male, members of the public as demonstrated in Clementine Ford's twitter post below:
(Howson 2013, 103)

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A civilised person in modern society is able to control and conceal the less appealing aspects of their bodily processes which assist human beings in asserting their civility over their more natural or animal like bodily functions. This is why the recent controversy over the so-called 'poo jogger' was so shocking to society. The attached news article discusses the incident. Interestingly, the poo jogger was reported to be a person of reasonably high ranking in society, a corporate manager, and his actions sit at odds with how we deal with excrement in modern society.  Such behaviour would normally not occur in 'civil society' due the possibility of shame and embarrassment that would arise from this behaviour being outed in society.  Howson describes defecating as one of the many bodily processes that Norbert Elias catalogued as no longer part of "polite society". These outlawed bodily processes intensified due to the delineation between what was considered public and private (Howson 2013, 87-88).  It is interesting to note that the 'poo jogger' resigned from his job as a result of his 'matter-out-of-place' behaviour.

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A Brisbane corporate manager who is alleged to be a serial public defecator after being photographed with his pants down on a suburban street has quit his job.

Andrew Douglas Macintosh, 64, was dubbed the "poo jogger" after a story in the Courier-Mail on Thursday morning generated enormous interest on the internet.

Macintosh was also a member of a Brisbane council advisory board.

He came to the attention of police after a sting operation by a local resident, who set out to catch a jogger suspected of relieving himself on the footpath outside an apartment block more than 30 times.
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Macintosh was photographed on 11 May outside the Logan Road block in the southside suburb of Greenslopes. He has been charged with one count of public nuisance.

His former employer, the retirement village operator Aveo, confirmed in a statement that Macintosh had resigned. "Until yesterday, Aveo Group was not aware of the charges laid against Mr Macintosh," a company spokesman said.

"Aveo Group is distressed and disappointed at the alleged incidents concerning Mr Macintosh. He has tendered his resignation to the company today and is no longer an employee of Aveo Group.

"Aveo will continue to extend its support to Mr Macintosh for help that he may require."
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Man dubbed Australia's 'poo jogger' resigns from corporate role

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A Brisbane corporate manager who is alleged to be a serial public defecator after being photographed with his pants down on a suburban street has quit his job. Andrew Douglas Macintosh, 64, was dubbed the "poo jogger" after a story in the Courier-Mail on Thursday morning generated enormous interest on the internet.

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Howson, Alexandra. 2013. Chapter 3, 'The Civilised Body', in The Body in Society: An Introduction, 2 nd Edition. Polity Press. 150-169.

Sontag, Susan. 1978. Illness as Metaphor. London: Penguin Books.