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http://www.ancient.eu/article/230/
http://indiansaga.com/history/religion_indusvalley.html
http://india.mrdonn.org/indus-dailylife.html
http://www.crystalinks.com/induscivilization.html

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The most significant invention that the Indus Valley introduced was the creation of indoor plumbing. Baths were very common because people used the baths for ritual and religious services. Small holes were placed on the ground in order for the water to be drained out. The reason why I believe that this is the most important invention made by the people of the Indus Valley is because it not only allowed life easier for them, but it influenced other areas around them. The Indus Valley is the very first civilization to create a system of indoor plumbing because plumbing made life easier for people in the Indus Valley.

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Over 4,000 Indus symbols have been discovered in the Indus Valley. The Indus Script is a system of writing that was developed in the Indus Valley although it cannot be undeciphered. Although, the script has not been deciphered, many archaeologists agree with the following statements:The Indus Script was written from right to left, certain symbols express ideas or words and other symbols represent sounds, and certain numerical values has been identified. The symbols were found on seals, ceramic pots, and also on signboards including the signboard that once hung over the gate of the inner citadel of the city of Dholavira. The inscriptions were around 5 to 6 characters and were relatively small in size. It is said that the writing system did not translate into language but were most likely used for economic transactions.

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Indoor plumbing was first invented by the people of the Indus Valley. Inside of homes, bricks were laid on their sides to make a waterproof platform. A small hole would be at the bottom so the water could pour out and into the streets.  Only the rich were able to afford toilets while the poor people used urns or sump pots. To create a toilet for the rich people of the valley, bricks were stacked with a hole in the middle with a drain leading out so water was able to flood to the streets. They used limestone to prevent leaks in the plumbing system.

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Many people of the Indus Valley became very skilled in the works of art. People created many high quality statues made out of clay, bronze and silver such as the most famous piece of art known as the "dancing girl." People carved seals from steatite, a type of metamorphic rock, containing 400 pictographs representing objects, animals,  ideas and sounds. They use copper, silver, and bronze for their metal dishes along with using terra-cotta to make bowls, dishes. They also used materials such as soapstone beads to create jewelry.

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With the archaeological remains, we are able to get an insight on how people lived their life during this time. For the most part, men and women wore similar clothing. Both men and women wore a cloth wrapped around their lower body and a loose fitting garment for the upper body. Clothing was usually made by resources they found area the area such as cotton and wool. Archeologists discovered the "Dancing Girl," which may indicate that most people danced for entertainment. Toys such as small carts, whistles, and monkeys that could slide down a string were found in the Indus Valley. Each had its own storage building for holding grain. They grew a variety of crops such as barley, peas, wheat, and dates and raised sheep and pigs. Children learned from scribes which taught them how to read and write. A priest would teach the children religious lessons.

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It is said that the people of the Indus Valley worshipped a Mother Goddess symbolizing fertility. There were numerous smoke stained  figurines that may have suggested that people burnt incense before her. This figurine shows how important women were in the Indus Valley because women were to bear children and maintain the household. The Lawbook Of Manu told men to treat women with honor and respect.

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The people of the Indus Valley believed that there was life after death. Most of the people cremated their bodies and were found to be buried with their items such as household pots, ornaments, and other daily household items. When the bodies were cremated they preserved the ashes of the bodies in clay urns.

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They also found signs of Hinduism because of swastikas that were found on the seals. The swastika represents two forms of the creator god Brahma. The swastika also represents the Sun's rays and is one of the 108 symbols of the Hindu deity Vishnu. People also see it as representing stability because it is pointing in all directions.The swastika is used in all Hindu yantras and religious designs.

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Indus Valley homes were made out of baked brick and were usually one or two stories high with flat roofs. Although, most houses were similar in many ways, some homes had one room or multiple rooms. This may indicate the difference between the rich and the poor. The streets of Indus Valley ran from north to south and east to west varying from 9 feet to 34 feet.

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The people of the Indus Valley were the first to create a system of uniform weights and measures. The smallest division ever recorded during the bronze age was invented by the people of the Indus Valley. Their smallest division was approximately 1.704 mm. With the achievement of an almost perfect measurement system, they were able to build more houses, buildings,and also streets with bricks lined up with the same size and weight.

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A Granary is storehouse for threshed grain. "The Great Granary" is a brick structure 45 meters north south and 45 meters east-west found on a brick foundation. Each rooms measures 15.2 by 6.1 meters. There are two rows of six rooms that are arranged in a passage way that are seven meters wide. Most granaries were built close to a river bank so it transportation of grains would be e

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The Indus Valley is an ancient civilization located in Pakistan. It was the largest of the four ancient civilizations of Egypt, Mesopotamia, India and China and was said that the Indus Valley population was around 5 million people. The largest city excavated was known as Mohenjo-Daro or “heap of the dead." Many of the streets of the major cities were were planned in a perfect grid pattern. The Indus Valley cities were known for their urban planning, baked brick houses, water supply systems, and clusters of large buildings. Religious practices date back all the way to 5500 BCE. Farming settlements began around 4000 BCE and urbanization began around 3000 BCE.