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Body Type:

Soft-bodied

No bones

Bilateral symmetry

Eight arms with suckers

Flexible and adaptable

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Evolutionary Changes from Previous Phylum:

Development of a complex nervous system.

Advanced brain structure for problem-solving and memory.

Highly flexible, muscular arms with suction cups.

Loss of external shell for increased mobility.

Evolution of a specialized beak for feeding.

Advanced camouflage abilities using chromatophores.

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Reproduction:

Octopuses reproduce sexually.

Males use a specialized arm to transfer sperm to females.

Females lay eggs in clusters.

The female guards the eggs until they hatch.

After reproduction, both the male and female typically die.

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How long they live:

Most octopuses live 1 to 2 years.

Some species can live up to 5 years.

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How many species:

Over 300 species of octopus exist.

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How they eat and digest food:

Octopuses use their beak to break open prey.

They have a radula, a tongue-like structure, to scrape food.

They release digestive enzymes to break down food.

Nutrients are absorbed in the stomach and intestines.

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Interesting facts:

Octopuses have three hearts.

They can change color and texture.

They have blue blood.

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Species Types: Jellyfish, anemones, coral

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Species Types: Jellyfish, anemones, coral

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Evolutionary Changes

Development of tissue-level organization:

Muscles

Nerves

Mouth and gastrovascular cavity

Hydrostatic skeleton

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Carnivorous predators

Stinging tentacles to capture prey

Food enters the mouth into the gastrovascular cavity for digestion

Waste expelled back through the mouth