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National Disabilities Act Increasing access Enabling Greater Inclusion - July 29, 2014

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Modifications vs Accommodations: Difference and Examples

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When inclusion is done well, everyone in the class benefits. It strengthens the ability of all kids to work together, understand and value different points of view, think critically, and be successful learners.

Inclusive classrooms also reduce stigma. Imagine this kind of learning community (quote from Understood ):

"Inclusive classrooms are filled with diverse learners. That lets kids talk about how everyone learns in their own way. They may find that they have more in common with other kids than they thought. This can go a long way in reducing stigma for kids with learning and attention issues. It can also help kids build and maintain friendships. "

Understanding inclusion

Inclusion is a belief that ALL students, regardless of labels, should be members of the general education community. The philosophy of inclusion encourages the elimination of the dual special and general education systems, and the creation of a merged system that is responsive to the needs of all students.

Is it inclusion?

This chart, developed by inclusion expert Nicole Eredics, can help you understand what inclusion is and isn't.

Child spends the majority of the day in the general education classroom.

Child spends the majority of the day in a special education classroom and goes to a general education classroom for one or two periods.

Child's desk is included with the other groups of desks in the classroom.

Child's desk is away from the other desks in the classroom.

Child has access to and is included in classroom lessons and activities that are adapted or modified to meet his/her special needs.

Child works on his/her own curriculum.

Child attends outside activities with the class including assemblies, field trips, enrichment classes, and recess.

Child is given alternate activities and options with other special education students.

Child is an independent, valued, and respected classroom member.

Child is looked upon as helpless, needy, and dependent.

The child's paraprofessional facilitates access to the curriculum and classroom activities.

The child's paraprofessional determines access to the curriculum and classroom activities.

The paraprofessional encourages child to complete work as independently as possible, while providing support when needed.

The paraprofessional does not provide many opportunities for the child to complete work independently and "hovers."

Child receives specialist support (therapy, speech, and language) with minimal disruption to the class routine and program.

Child is pulled from the classroom lessons and activities for specialist suport without consideration for what the child will miss.

The teacher can identify your child's strengths and areas for improvement.

The teacher refers to the specialists and paraprofessionals to identify child's development.

Child can name classmates and has many common classroom experiences.

Child does not know classmates and does not have many common classroom experiences.

The trend toward inclusive general education classrooms

Can special education students thrive in general education classrooms? Watch Carl Cohn, a former superintendent, talk about the trend toward inclusive classrooms (also called inclusion classrooms). Hear his tips on what to ask if a school suggests your child should be in a separate, self-contained classroom. Learn more at Understood, 4 Benefits of Inclusion Classrooms .

Read about a New York City public school program called ASD Nest in this article from The Atlantic: What School Could Be If It Were Designed for Kids With Autism .

Inclusive learning: everyone's in

This video, "Meeting the Needs of the Whole Child," overview is part of the Edmonton Public Schools' Inclusive Learning: Everyone's In initiative. The District was selected as a change agent for Alberta's Action on Inclusion initiative - to share information about best practices to welcome, include and support students' needs in the classroom and community. (Edmonton Public Schools, Alberta, CA) View all of the "Inclusive Learning: Everyone's In" video ›

Books about inclusive classrooms

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An inclusive classroom is a general education classroom where students with and without learning differences learn together. Inclusive classrooms are welcoming and support the diverse academic, social, emotional, and communication needs of all students. Learn more about what inclusion is, how it can benefit all learners, and how to implement an inclusion program in your classroom and school-wide.

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Determining Special Education Eligibility of English Learners

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Determining Special Education Eligibility of English Learners

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Overview of Collaboration and Consultation

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Overview of Collaboration and Consultation

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POLICY FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES [PDF]

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POLICY FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES [PDF]

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NATIONAL POLICY FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITY ACT

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SOURCE : (Wesley, 2022)

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From the case study, try to identify at least 5 benefits of inclusion

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EXCEPTIONAL LEARNERS- INTRODUCTION TO SPECIAL EDUCATION

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EXCEPTIONAL LEARNERS- INTRODUCTION TO SPECIAL EDUCATION

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AUDIO  VERSION- THE NATIONAL DISABILITY ACT [2014]

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AUDIO  VERSION- THE NATIONAL DISABILITY ACT [2014]

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7 Steps In An IEP Process | Special Education Decoded

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Student sent back to 9th Grade from 12th Grade

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Tips & Strategies for Effective Differentiation & Instruction

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Tips & Strategies for Effective Differentiation & Instruction

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Exceptional Lives: Practice, Progress, & Dignity in Today’s Schools

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Exceptional Lives: Practice, Progress, & Dignity in Today’s Schools

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AUDIO VERSION- PARTS 3+4- DISABILITY ACT

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AUDIO VERSION- PARTS 3+4- DISABILITY ACT

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AUDIO VERSION- PART 6-11- DISABILITY ACT

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AUDIO VERSION- PART 6-11- DISABILITY ACT

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Work in pairs or individually to complete the worksheet.

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Special Education and Related Services Worksheet

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Work in groups to complete the cases

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Bridging the Gaps_ Towards a National System of Early Years Care and Support Executive Summary

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special education placement process and IEP implementation - Google Forms

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SMART TEACH- ACCOMMODATION AND MODIFICATION

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Differentiating Instruction: It’s Not as Hard as You Think

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Differentiating Instruction: It’s Not as Hard as You Think

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Differentiating Instruction: It’s Not as Hard as You Think

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Dr. Susan Nolan demonstrates multisensory instruction

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TIMELINE - SPECIAL ED HISTORY IN JAMAICA

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TIMELINE - SPECIAL ED HISTORY IN JAMAICA

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Resource-History of Special Education in Jamaica