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LEARNER'S NAME: Jerome Balboa

URL: https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid02p3WQgqFTzxEVy2P1SdMv4MhVm5BhycRWbQT8BpECxNsRWLTbTyRN7xX83fzj9EP5l&id=100071066255659

TITLE: MULO 2022: Students' opinions about environmental issues.

AUTHOR: Ecowatch 22'

DATE PUBLISHED: August 23, 2022

KEY INFO: Students from Ateneo de Davao University share their opinions about environmental issues, including climate change, improper waste management, usage of single-use plastics, and illegal mining. It comes to show the Dabawenyo youth are taking action and educating the public through social media about issues pertaining to the environment.

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DABAWENYOS from different groups and organization advocated for climate action through a cycling activity on April 24, 2022, in Davao City as part of the Earth.

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LEARNER'S NAME: Albertlyn Cortez

URL: https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1927249/davao/local-news/advocates-pedal-for-the-environment

TITLE: Advocates 'pedal' for the environment

AUTHOR: Iona Finlay C. Mendoza

DATE PUBLISHED: April 24, 2022

KEY INFO: The Davao Bike Action for Climate, according to the environmental group Sustainable Davao Movement (SDM), aims to raise awareness of the worsening climate crisis and demand urgent and equitable climate solutions from governments and large corporations.

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LEARNER'S NAME: Febie Fiel

URL: https://www.rappler.com/nation/mindanao/flooding-davao-city-august-8-2022/

TITLE: Heavy downpour in Bukidnon causes Davao flooding

AUTHOR: Grace Cantal-Albasin

DATE PUBLISHED: August 4, 2022

KEY INFO: Due to the severe rainfall in the upland of Bukidnon province, several areas of Davao City experienced waist-deep floodwaters. Over 200 families fled to safer locations, 1 individual went missing, and Davao City commuters were left stranded on their way home and forced to seek safer shelters as a result.

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Heavy downpour in Bukidnon causes Davao flooding

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More than 200 families flee their homes, and one person is declared missing as waist-deep floodwaters hit some areas in Davao City

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LEARNER'S NAME: Jabez Loquias

URL: https://www.ucanews.com/news/drought-forces-mindanao-farmers-to-sell-animals/84977

TITLE: Drought forces Mindanao farmers to sell animals

AUTHOR: Bong S. Sarmiento

DATE PUBLISHED: April 18, 2019

KEY INFO: Farmers in the southern Philippine area of Soccsksargen have had to sell their farm animals to escape the effects of a drought that has allegedly destroyed 15,000 hectares of crops. According to Father Ariel Destora, head of the Marbel Diocese's social action department, the blistering heat brought on by the El Nino phenomenon that has plagued Mindanao this year has dried out grasslands. El Nino is a Pacific Ocean climatic cycle driven by warm water. Climate change has already caused significant harm not just to the inhabitants of Soccskargen and Mindanao, but also to the entire world. Knowing this, many of our fellow citizens are working extremely hard to live, such as the Mindanao farmers who had to sell their animals to eat because the drought destroyed approximately 15,000 hectares of cropland. We must act immediately! We must all work together to combat and adapt to climate change to provide a better life for future generations. We can explore processes and measures that are feasible enough to combat climate change to reduce or even eliminate these tragic events from happening.

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Drought forces Mindanao farmers to sell animals - UCA News

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Church issues donation appeal to help thousands of farmers hit by dry weather brought by El Nino in southern Philippines

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5. Local or national news video segment 

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5. Local or national news video segment 

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LEARNER'S NAME: Charelle Neroza

URL:https://youtu.be/UBRHlegibpU

TITLE: Ilang lugar sa Pilipinas, nanganganib kapag nagpatuloy ang climate change.

AUTHOR: GMA News

DATE PUBLISHED: April 25, 2022

KEY INFO: The GMA News shows awareness about our current situation and upcoming possibilities through gathering information. According to the experts, it is possible that there will be causal erosion in the next years, and based on IPCC, climate change can cause extreme heat waves and can affect our livelihood. Due to climate change, there will some areas in the Philippines could be lost due to the rising sea level, and this can happen in 2030 in some areas in (Bicol, Davao, Surigao, etc). The locals are informing and taking some actions about cleaning and segregating trash in their areas so the extreme case scenarios won't happen. The Philippines is vulnerable to climate change we are ought to be code red for now.

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Ilang lugar sa Pilipinas, nanganganib kapag nagpatuloy ang climate change | UB

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LEARNER'S NAME: Samantha Sabid

URL: https://youtu.be/vBjabNusoKM

TITLE:  UN scientists say it's 'now or never' to limit global warming

AUTHOR: BBC News

DATE PUBLISHED: April 5, 2022

KEY INFO: How we will need to change the way we need get around, what we eat, how efficient our homes and businesses are, how we farm, how we produce the good we buy, how we transport these goods, and how we protect the natural world. In short, pretty much everything needs to change. Because pretty much everything we do produces carbon dioxide. Climate Change is an international issue and isn't restricted to only Mindanao. If we are going to act, "it's now or never."

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UN scientists say it's 'now or never' to limit global warming - BBC News

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LEARNER'S NAME: Jia Tan

URL: https://www.facebook.com/ecoteneo.flora/posts/pfbid02q7eWdgR2Zerw1Ffe2f4BewcZX99cdjhvpRx2z9u51tL2E79r8NaMjwxtu4SYqsJVl

TITLE: ECOTENEO FLORA | TOP FIVE (5) POSTERS FROM OUR ASYNCHRONOUS CLUB ACTIVITY.

AUTHOR: EcoTeneo Flora

DATE PUBLISHED: September 17, 2021

KEY INFO: Students from Ateneo de Davao University SHS have created posters about climate change is a good example of how Dabawenyo youth can use social media to advocate and educate the public about climate change.

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8. Public service message or promotional video 

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8. Public service message or promotional video 

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LEARNER'S NAME: Jerome Balboa

URL: https://youtu.be/SGET2xDL_yY

TITLE: No to Open-pit Mining in Tampakan

AUTHOR: Ateneo de Davao University

DATE PUBLISHED: May 31, 2022

KEY INFO: The Tampaking open pit mining is located in South Cotabato, Mindanao. It is by far the largest in Southeast Asia, knowing how big this is we understand how big the damage is as well. The pollution of nearby waters, degradation of land, and release of poisonous gases, it is negatively changing the climate. This also affects the Indigenous community as they rely on agriculture for their income, as the operation affects their land.

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The New Carmen Landfill overlooks plantations in Davao.

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LEARNER'S NAME: Albertlyn Cortez

URL: https://www.philstar.com/headlines/climate-and-environment/2022/05/15/2181288/davao-city-waste-energy-project-fuel-climate-change-groups-warn/amp

TITLE: Davao City waste-to-energy project to fuel climate change, groups warn

AUTHOR:  Geela Garcia

DATE PUBLISHED: May 15, 2022

KEY INFO: DAVAO CITY, Philippines — Hundreds of garbage flies infest homes, flying from waste to food, to children. The decaying stench of the dumpsite lingers as families eat. It was almost noon and waste pickers like Virgilio Romero*, 44, scavenge waste on the mountain of garbage under the scorching 51-degree celsius heat.

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LEARNER'S NAME: Febie Fiel

URL: https://climateadaptationplatform.com/climate-adaptation-capacity-study-of-eastern-mindanao-philippines/

TITLE: CLIMATE ADAPTATION CAPACITY STUDY OF EASTERN MINDANAO PHILIPPINES

AUTHOR: Climate Adaptation Platform

DATE PUBLISHED: June 15, 2021

KEY INFO:  The typhoon Bopha hit Eastern Mindanao, in the Philippines, in December 2021, burying the communities in the Compostela Valley under massive rocks and wood. The study looked into the causes, measured the communities' vulnerabilities, and evaluated the capacity to recover from loss and damage from flash floods and landslides.

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Due to the Philippines location along the typhoon belt, an average of 20 typhoons enters the country and around nine make landfall.

Landslides and flash flood due to heavy rains events are closely linked to typhoons. Human factors also increase the Philippines vulnerabilities and disaster risks.

Within the last 50 years, the country has lost almost 80% of its mangroves in its coastal areas. In addition, large scale deforestation contributes to a decline of its forest cover at an average speed of 150 thousand hectares per year which is a major cause of landslides and flash floods.

When Typhoon Bopha landed in Eastern Mindanao, Philippines, in December 2012, flash floods and landslides have buried communities in Compostella Valley with huge rocks and timbers and businesses and farms were also destroyed. Compostella Valley, a community in Eastern Mindanao, Philippines.

The study examinef the communities' adaptive capacity to climate disasters such as flash floods and landslides.

Although typhoon Bopha has less rainfall than earlier typhoons, the flash floods and landslides that ensued devastated four provinces in Eastern Mindanao.

The category five typhoon, the strongest in over a century, made landfall in the Davao Oriental area. The typhoon affected over 6 million people, killed at least 1000 and destroyed more than 200 thousand houses.

Damages from four provinces were estimated at US$1 billion from losses in infrastructure, agricultural produce, and private assets across four provinces, with Compostella Valley as the most affected of all.

The study assessed the adaptive capacity of communities in Compostella Valley, particularly in the municipality of New Bataan who has seen the worst effects of landslides and flash floods.

The study examined the sources of the communities' vulnerabilities and measure the level of their adaptive capacity to recover from the loss and damages of flash floods and landslides due to typhoon Bopha.

The study uses the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) definition of adaptive capacity, which is the ability of a system to adjust to climate change to moderate potential damages, take advantage of opportunities, or cope with the consequences.

The system in the study refers to the society that has to cope with climate extremes like typhoons that cause flash floods and landslides from heavy rains. The consequences here covers economic, social and ecological changes that alter society's way of life.

According to the study, the ability to cope by society further depends on three factors: their awareness of the problems, ability to manage and act, which defines the human adaptive behaviour.

Researchers surveyed three case study villages in Compostella Valley. The respondents were grouped according to their adaptive capacity levels from very high, high, low, and very low.

The findings show diversity in adaptive capacity based on gender and access to resources. Women and people in poverty have shown a low adaptive capacity versus men and those in a better economic position or have access to resources or external support.

Loss of livelihoods and the ability to recover them, and the availability of external assistance are significant factors that reduce communities' vulnerabilities and help them recover after the disaster.

Comparing respondents whose losses were limited to houses and livelihoods versus those who lost both homes and experienced human loss, the former perceived their property damage as their most severe loss.

The latter perceived that damage to their houses is a less important source of vulnerability and do not consider relocation as an important concern after the disaster.

The study reveals an inherent resilience of people when confronted with massive losses. When they experience human loss, damages to their properties and livelihoods become less essential barriers to recovery, especially when faced with immediate assistance to help them with their post-disaster recovery.

To read the entire study, click the link below:
Source Citation:
Eugenio, E.A., Acosta, L.A., Magcale-Macandog, D.B., Macandog, P.B.M., Lin, E.K-H., Eugenio, J.M.A. and Manuta, J.B. (2016) 'Adaptive capacity of Philippine communities vulnerable to flash floods and landslides: assessing loss and damage from typhoon Bopha in Eastern Mindanao', Int. J. Sustainable Development, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp.279-314.

PHOTO CREDIT: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center via Flickr Creative Commons. The photos have been cropped to suit the website's image requirement.

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Climate Adaptation Capacity Study of Eastern Mindanao Philippines

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Due to the Philippines location along the typhoon belt, an average of 20 typhoons enters the country and around nine make landfall. Landslides and flash flood due to heavy rains events are closely linked to typhoons. Human factors also increase the Philippines vulnerabilities and disaster risks.

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LEARNER'S NAME: Jabez Loquias

URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2URoScaMoM4

TITLE: BBM VLOG #136: Climate Justice | Bongbong Marcos

AUTHOR: Bongbong Marcos

DATE PUBLISHED: Nov 21, 2020

KEY INFO: The former president Duterte's speech to the ASEAN, as well as Bongbong Marco's speech on "climate change adaptation," which in my opinion is a truly insightful and important speech, were the two primary takeaways from this expertly produced vlog. The former president of the Philippines, Rodrigo Duterte, urged rich nations to assist less developed nations below them in coping with and adapting to climate change because they themselves had significantly contributed to its occurrence. In addition, Bongbong Marcos provided us with strategies and activities that we can do to adapt to climate change in his lecture on the topic. Bongbong Marcos claimed that since climate change is already happening, we should just accept it and find ways to adapt to it. This can also be applied to Mindanao, more specifically to Davao, by taking the steps advised by BBM, such as planting drought-tolerant crops kinds, evacuating residents who lived close to water sources, and doing what you can personally to make life easier for the coming generation.

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BBM VLOG #136: Climate Justice | Bongbong Marcos

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LEARNER'S NAME: Charelle Neroza

URL:https:https://www.globalforestwatch.org/dashboards/country/PHL/28/2/?category=climate#:~:text=In%202010%2C%20Davao%20City%20had,to%20109kt%20of%20CO%E2%82%82%20emissions.
TITLE: Davao del Sur, Philippines deforestation rates and statistics

AUTHOR: Global Forest watch org.

DATE PUBLISHED: 2021

KEY INFO: The statistics are the assessments of the affected area in Davao del Sur in which we include the sequence of the tree cover loss or either due to fires or carbon emission. It covers the geographical area mainly in the Davao area and how it changes in time duration and affects our plantations, natural-forest, and non-forest. There were 0 deforestation alerts reported mostly in Davao City for the past weeks from Aug 14 2022 till now lol. In 2021 we lost 37.7kha of natural forest, equivalent to 22.5Mt of CO₂ emissions.

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LEARNER'S NAME: Samantha Sabid

URL: https://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/climate-change-in-the-philippines#:~:text=Mean%20temperatures%20in%20all%20areas,all%20parts%20of%20the%20country.

TITLE: Climate Change in the Philippines

AUTHOR: Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

DATE PUBLISHED: August 23, 2022

KEY INFO: According to scientific assessments, the Earth is now committed to continuing and faster warming unless drastic global mitigation action is implemented as soon as possible. Climate change's likely consequences are numerous, and the majority of them could seriously impede the achievement of Millennium Development Goal targets, and thus sustainable development. Country Parties have common but distinct responsibilities under the UNFCCC. All Country Parties share the common responsibility of protecting the climate system, but they must do so in different ways. This means that developed countries, including those in transition, have an obligation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions based on 1990 levels and to assist developing countries in adapting to the effects of climate change.

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As has been previously stated, climate change scenarios are developed using climate models (UNFCCC). These models use mathematical representations of the climate system, simulating the physical and dynamical processes that determine global/regional climate. They range from simple, one-dimensional models to more complex ones such as global climate models (known as GCMs), which model the atmosphere and oceans, and their interactions with land surfaces. They also model change on a regional scale (referred to as regional climate models), typically estimating change in areas in grid boxes that are approximately several hundred kilometers wide. It should be noted that GCMs/RCMs provide only an average change in climate for each grid box, although realistically climates can vary considerably within each grid. Climate models used to develop climate change scenarios are run using different forcings such as the changing greenhouse gas concentrations. These emission scenarios known as the SRES (Special Report on Emission Scenarios) developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to give the range of plausible future climate. These emission scenarios cover a range of demographic, societal, economic and technological storylines. They are also sometimes referred to as emission pathways. Table 1 presents the four different storylines (A1, A2, B1 and B2) as defined in the IPCC SRES.

Climate change is driven by factors such as changes in the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases and aerosols, land cover and radiation, and their combinations, which then result in what is called radiative forcing (positive or warming and negative or cooling effect). We do not know how these different drivers will specifically affect the future climate, but the model simulation will provide estimates of its plausible ranges.

A number of climate models have been used in developing climate scenarios. The capacity to do climate modeling usually resides in advanced meteorological agencies and in international research laboratories for climate modeling such as the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research of the UK Met Office (in the United kingdom), the National Center for Atmospheric Research and the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (in the United States), the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (in Germany), the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis (in Canada), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (in Australia), the Meteorological Research Institute of the Japan Meteorological Agency (in Japan), and numerous others. These centers have been developing their climate models and continuously generate new versions of these models in order address the limitations and uncertainties inherent in models.

For the climate change scenarios in the Philippines presented in this Report, the PRECIS (Providing Regional Climates for Impact Studies) model was used. It is a PC-based regional climate model developed at the UK Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research to facilitate impact, vulnerability and adaptation assessments in developing countries where capacities to do modeling are limited. Two time slices centered on 2020 (2006-2035) and 2050 (2036-2065) were used in the climate simulations using three emission scenarios; namely, the A2 (high-range emission scenario), the A1B (medium- range emission scenario) and the B2 (low-range emission scenario).

The high-range emission scenario connotes that society is based on self-reliance, with continuously growing population, a regionally-oriented economic development but with fragmented per capita economic growth and technological change. On the other hand, the mid-range emission scenario indicates a future world of very rapid economic growth, with the global population peaking in mid-century and declining thereafter and there is rapid introduction of new and more efficient technologies with energy generation balanced across all sources. The low-range emission scenario, in contrast, indicates a world with local solutions to economic, social, and environmental sustainability, with continuously increasing global population, but at a rate lower than of the high-range, intermediate levels of economic development, less rapid and more diverse technological change but oriented towards environment protection and social equity.

To start the climate simulations or model runs, outputs (climate information) from the relatively coarse resolution GCMs are used to provide high resolution (using finer grid boxes, normally 10km-100km) climate details, through the use of downscaling techniques. Downscaling is a method that derives local to regional scale (10km-100km x 10km-100km grids) information from larger-scale models (150km-300km x 150km-300km grids) as shown in Fig.1. The smaller the grid, the finer is the resolution giving more detailed climate information.

The climate simulations presented in this report used boundary data that were from the ECHAM4 and HadCM3Q0 (the regional climate models used in the PRECIS model software).

To run regional climate models, boundary conditions are needed in order to produce local climate scenarios. These boundary conditions are outputs of the GCMs. For the PRECIS model, the following boundary data and control runs were used:

For the high-range scenario, the GCM boundary data used was from ECHAM4. This is the 4th generation coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model, which uses a comprehensive parameterization package developed at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg, Germany. Downscaling was to a grid resolution of 25km x 25km; thus, allowing more detailed regional information of the projected climate. Simulated baseline climate used for evaluation of the models capacity of reproducing present climate was the 1971-2000 model run. Its outputs were compared with the 1971-2000 observed values.

For the mid-range scenario, the GCM boundary data was from the HadCM3Q0 version 3 of the coupled model developed at the Hadley Centre. Downscaling was also to a grid resolution of 25km x 25km and the same validation process was undertaken.

For running the low-range scenario, the same ECHAM4 model was used. However, the validation process was only for the period of 1989 to 2000 because the available GCM boundary data in the model was limited to this period.

The simulations for all 3 scenarios were for three periods; 1971 to 2000, 2020 and 2050. The period 1971 to 2000 simulation is referred to as the baseline climate, outputs of which are used to evaluate the models capacity of reproducing present climate (in other words, the control run). By comparing the outputs (i.e., temperature and rainfall) with the observed values for the 1971 to 2000 period, the models ability to realistically represent the regional climatological features within the country is verified. The differences between the outputs and the observed values are called the biases of the model. The 2020 and 2050 outputs are then mathematically corrected, based on the comparison of the models performance.

The main outputs of the simulations for the three SRES scenarios (high-range, mid-range and low-range) are the following:

projected changes in seasonal and annual mean temperature

projected changes in minimum and maximum temperatures

projected changes in seasonal rainfall and

projected frequency of extreme events

The seasonal variations are as follows:

the DJF (December, January, February or northeast monsoon locally known as amihan) season

the MAM (March, April, May or summer) season

the JJA (June, July, August or southwest monsoon season, or habagat) season and

the SON (September, October, November or transition from southwest to northeast monsoon) season

On the other hand, extreme events are defined as follows:

extreme temperature (assessed as number of days with maximum temperature greater than 35°C, following the threshold values used in other countries in the Asia Pacific region)

dry days (assessed as number of dry days or day with rainfall equal or less than 2.5mm/day, following the World Meteorological Organization standard definition of dry days used in a number of countries) and

extreme rainfall (assessed as number of days with daily rainfall greater than 300mm, which for wet tropical areas, like the Philippines, is considerably intense that could trigger disastrous events).

Modeling of our future climate always entails uncertainties. These are inherent in each step in the simulations/modeling done because of a number of reasons. Firstly, emissions scenarios are uncertain. Predicting emissions is largely dependent on how we can predict human behavior, such as changes in population, economic growth, technology, energy availability and national and international policies (which include predicting results of the international negotiations on reducing greenhouse gas emissions). Secondly, current understanding of the carbon cycle and of sources and sinks of non-carbon greenhouse gases are still incomplete. Thirdly, consideration of very complex feedback processes in the climate system in the climate models used can also contribute to the uncertainties in the outputs generated as these could not be adequately represented in the models.

But while it is difficult to predict global greenhouse gas emission rates far into the future, it is stressed that projections for up to 2050 show little variation between different emission scenarios, as these near-term changes in climate are strongly affected by greenhouse gases that have already been emitted and will stay in the atmosphere for the next 50 years. Hence, for projections for the near-term until 2065, outputs of the mid-range emission scenario are presented in detail in this Report.

Ideally, numerous climate models and a number of the emission scenarios provided in the SRES should be used in developing the climate change scenarios in order to account for the limitations in each of the models used, and the numerous ways global greenhouse gas emissions would go. The different model outputs should then be analyzed to calculate the median of the future climate projections in the selected time slices. By running more climate models for each emission scenarios, the higher is the statistical confidence in the resulting projections as these constitute the ensemble representing the median values of the model outputs.

The climate projections for the three emission scenarios were obtained using the PRECIS model only due to several constraints and limitations. These constraints and limitations are:

Access to climate models: at the start, PAGASA had not accessed climate models due to computing and technical capacity requirements needed to run them;

Time constraints: the use of currently available computers required substantial computing time to run the models (measured in weeks and months). This had been partly addressed under the capacity upgrading initiatives being implemented by the MDGF Joint Programme which include procurement of more powerful computers and acquiring new downscaling techniques. Improved equipment and new techniques have reduced the computing time requirements to run the models. However, additional time is still needed to run the models using newly acquired downscaling techniques; and

The PAGASA strives to improve confidence in the climate projections and is continuously exerting efforts to upgrade its technical capacities and capabilities. Models are run as soon as these are acquired with the end-goal of producing an ensemble of the projections. Updates on the projections, including comparisons with the current results, will be provided as soon as these are available.

The IPCC stresses that there is a large degree of uncertainty in predicting what the future world will be despite taking into account all reasonable future developments. Nevertheless, there is high confidence in the occurrence of global warming due to emissions of greenhouse gases caused by humans, as affirmed in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4). Global climate simulations done to project climate scenarios until the end of the 21st century indicate that, although there are vast differences between the various scenarios, the values of temperature increase begin to diverge only after the middle of this century (shown in Fig.3). The long lifetimes of the greenhouse gases (in particular, that of carbon dioxide) already in the atmosphere is the reason for this behavior of this climate response to largely varying emission scenarios.

Model outputs that represent the plausible local climate scenarios in this Report are indicative to the extent that they reflect the large-scale changes (in the regional climate model used) modified by the projected local conditions in the country.

It also should be stressed further that confidence in the climate change information depends on the variable being considered (e.g., temperature increase, rainfall change, extreme event indices, etc.). In all the model runs regardless of emission scenarios used, there is greater confidence in the projections of mean temperature than that of the others. On the other hand, projections of rainfall and extreme events entail consideration of convective processes which are inherently complex, and thus, limiting the degree of confidence in the outputs.

Climate scenarios are commonly required in climate change impact, vulnerability and adaptation assessments to provide alternative views of future conditions considered likely to affect society, systems and sectors, including a quantification of climate risks, challenges and opportunities. Climate scenario outputs could be used in any of the following:

to illustrate projected climate change in a given administrative region/province

to provide data for impact/adaptation assessment studies

to communicate potential consequences of climate change (e.g., specifying a future changed climate to estimate potential shifts in say, vegetation, species threatened or at risk of extinction, etc.) and

for strategic planning (e.g., quantifying projected sea level rise and other climate changes for the design of coastal infrastructure/defenses such as sea walls, etc.)

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As has been previously stated, climate change scenarios are developed using climate models (UNFCCC). These models use mathematical representations of the climate system, simulating the physical and dynamical processes that determine global/regional climate. They range from simple, one-dimensional models to more complex ones such as global climate models (known as GCMs), which model the atmosphere and oceans, and their interactions with land surfaces.

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LEARNER'S NAME: Jia Tan

URL: https://www.facebook.com/idis.davao/posts/pfbid0gnwU77PLbrbD9xhJfL5s8rUy4o8ucZwp3SDCyzaWmKqQuhQwBHt3gxV4zgMTGGgdl

TITLE: SDM pushes for Green Electoral Campaign

AUTHOR: Interfacing Development Interventions for Sustainability - IDIS

DATE PUBLISHED: March 28, 2022

KEY INFO: Through press con and social media campaigns, the Sustainable Davao Movement (SDM) and the Interfacing Development Interventions for Sustainability (IDIS) continue to urge local and national candidates to hold eco-friendly campaigns and rallies. This facilitates easier public education of the aforementioned movement. In light of the problems already destroying our society due to garbage, plastic pollution, climate change, and COVID-19, they call on the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) and the local candidates to support urgently necessary policies and practices that will safeguard our environment from being further degraded by the various political activities leading up to the 2022 elections. SDM implores the candidates and their supporters to refrain from slathering campaign signs indiscriminately outside of COMELEC-designated zones, most infamously on trees, power poles, and walls.

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Interfacing Development Interventions for Sustainability - IDIS

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Interfacing Development Interventions for Sustainability - IDIS

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𝗣𝗥𝗘𝗦𝗦 𝗥𝗘𝗟𝗘𝗔𝗦𝗘
𝗦𝗗𝗠 𝗽𝘂𝘀𝗵𝗲𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗘𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗮𝗺𝗽𝗮𝗶𝗴𝗻

The Interfacing Development Interventions for Sustainability (IDIS), together with the Sustainable Davao Movement (SDM), continue to urge local...

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LEARNER'S NAME: Jerome Balboa

URL: https://www.facebook.com/LPUDvoJCPrimus/videos/353186690239943

TITLE: PODCASTORYA | EPISODE 2: ACT FAST! Climate Change Deadline is approaching: What should you do?"

AUTHOR: LPU-Davao Junior College Primus

DATE PUBLISHED: June 2, 2022

KEY INFO: A podcast made by LPU Davao College students that aim to discuss the cause and effects of climate change. They go on to talk about how humanity's selfishness about issues contributes to a wider and very dangerous social issue, which is climate change. They expound how everyone in the entire world, not just the Philippines, is affected.

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🔴 PODCASTORYA | EPISODE 2: ACT FAST! Climate Change Deadline is approaching: What should you do?" | Streaming:

LAST CHANCE TO REVERSE THE IRREVERSIBLE!🚩

Earth needs to breathe and so, Primus will let you help the earth do so🔊

Tune in as we livestream... | By LPU-Davao Junior College Primus | Facebook

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LAST CHANCE TO REVERSE THE IRREVERSIBLE!🚩

Earth needs to breathe and so,...

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LEARNER'S NAME: Albertlyn Cortez

URL: https://youtu.be/VKbxrQTmxHg

TITLE: NO BURN DAVAO | An ADDUvocacy Film | SDG13:Climate Action

AUTHOR: Gwyneth Ariston

DATE PUBLISHED: May 20, 2022

KEY INFO: The purpose of this documentary is to educate and open people's eyes to the significant negative effects of the government's 10-year plan to burn waste for energy, which runs counter to the zero waste initiative. Using waste as fuel has always been a controversial undertaking in line with Davao City's government's plan of conducting 10 years of WTE (Waste-to-Energy) incineration to solve the growing waste issue in the city. Different environmental groups in the city have started the petition entitled "NO BURN DAVAO" due to its negative effects, particularly in the Tugbok community. With the growing volume of solid waste on the planet, waste-to-energy incineration has sparked global debate as a solution to a zero-waste management strategy. In this regard, the Davao City government intends to build a Waste to Energy Facility in Tugbok District. They believe that this could be a viable solution to the city's ever-increasing municipal solid waste. Green groups, on the other hand, strongly oppose the government's decision and urge the city to prioritize zero-waste solutions over incineration because they believe WTE facilities are not a healthy option for waste reduction in the city.

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NO BURN DAVAO | An ADDUvocacy Film | SDG13:Climate Action

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LEARNER'S NAME: Jabez Loquias

URL: https://ati.da.gov.ph/ati-10/sites/default/files/BAHANDI-BAE%20FINAL-compressed.pdf

TITLE: BAE (Batang Agricultural Extensionist)

AUTHOR:  Maria Eloisa A. Akut Noemi Beth G. Macario Shirley J. Delos Reyes Joshua B. Mercado Mark Cyben C. Epe Mae Antoinette G. Nebris Efren C. Macario, CPA Vic Thor A. Palarca

DATE PUBLISHED: February 03, 2022

KEY INFO: The 15 stories aim to persuade young people from all walks of life to participate and embark on agriculture. The book is divided into two sections: young farmers under 30 years old and next-generation (next-gen) farmers 30 years and older. "Another need was that they run a profitable farm (or own one) and use acceptable farming methods". With this book, the young people of our community will be inspired, motivated, and guided upon engaging themselves in agriculture in that way the youth will be more exposed to agriculture which will make our country and our future secure. This is highly effective in the Mindanao youth since this book was made and originated in Mindanao thus giving them the advantage of relating to and understanding it more than any other audience. The youth of our community should act as well in adapting to climate change in one way of doing that is by being engaged in agriculture. By this, we are getting prepared for what's to come in the future like what Miguel De Cervantes said: "To be prepared is half the victory."

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RESEARCHER: Febie Fiel

URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dsbkkmQG0KM

TITLE: What is climate action really about?

AUTHOR: Ecojesuit

DATE PUBLISHED: March 12, 2021

KEY INFO: Indigenous youth from Mindanao, Philippines, call for action against climate change by voicing out together in hopes that the general public will also contribute to or take action against it.

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LEARNER'S NAME: Charelle Neroza

URL:https://www.scielo.br/j/bbr/a/vpp54z8p37qTHCTdk3sWz6w/?format=pdf&lang=en

TITLE:  The Influence of Social Networks on Environmental Awareness and the Social Responsibility of Generations

AUTHOR: EA Severo

DATE PUBLISHED: 28 Oct 2019

KEY INFO: This research aims at how social media affects our environmental awareness and sustains us with further knowledge through exposure to this content. Engagement with the social network and social responsibility helps us to collaborate as one just like donations and furthermore. The statistic analysis hypothesis says that those who are exposed to information either images, text, or videos have a positive influence on raising environmental awareness with the strong correlation between SEN and SSR therefore how each generation seeks information based on their statistical research.