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Made by Larissa Flintoff, Working individually

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Post #2 Red Flag: Appeal to Authority (video)

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Post #2 Red Flag: Appeal to Authority (video)

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Definition:
The use of Authoritative or celebrity figures- no matter their experience/qualifications- to support or endorse a brand, belief, idea, ect., that makes the product seem credible and honest or the idea to seem like the truth.

Connection:
This video connects to the Red Flag Appeal to Authority as Alyssa Milano- a popular American actress- is promoting the use of Wen Shampoo in the 2013 ad. She explains how Wen made her hair soft and shiny and gave it amazing volume which helps persuade both fans and viewers that after a one-time use, they will see results similar to her own. Unfortunately, her status as a beloved actor does not mean her opinion is qualified to support all aspects of the product, i.e., the formula used. If it did, hundreds of people would not have joined a class action lawsuit in 2015 after the shampoo made their hair fall out. This connection of Appeal to Authority can also be connected to the pseudoscience watchlist that money is involved- people lost money to a defective product while the producers made a profit.

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iSpot.tv | Realtime TV Advertising Performance Measurement

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Sorry, our video player is not supported in this browser.

1. Health & Beauty

2. Hair Care

3. Wen Hair Care By Chaz Dean

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Alyssa Milano has had every kind of hair you could imagine, and through it all, Wen Hair Care has kept her hair healthy. Chaz Dean himself asks you to just use Wen one time, and he guarantees you'll see results.

Published

November 04, 2013

Advertiser

Wen Hair Care By Chaz Dean

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Products

Wen Hair Care By Chaz Dean Sweet Almond Mint Cleansing Conditioner, Wen Hair Care By Chaz Dean Healthy Hair Care System, Wen Hair Care By Chaz Dean Sweet Almond Anti-Frizz Styling Creme

Songs - Add

None have been identified for this spot

Phone

1-800-659-4758

Ad URL

http://www.GetWen.com

Mood

Active

Actors - Add

Alyssa Milano ... Actor/Actress, Chaz Dean , Clancy McLain ... Redhead, Katie Harlor ... Blonde, Leelee Park , Sofia Mattsson ... Model

Have questions about this ad or our catalog? Check out our FAQ Page.

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Related Commercials

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Wen Hair Care By Chaz Dean TV Commercial Fearing Alyssa Milano

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Alyssa Milano has had every kind of hair you could imagine, and through it all, Wen Hair Care has kept her hair healthy. Chaz Dean himself asks you to just use Wen one time, and he guarantees you'll see results.

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Post #3 Red Flag: Ancient Wisdom (Image)

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Post #3 Red Flag: Ancient Wisdom (Image)

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Definition:
The belief that peoples and ideas founded in the ancient times have more knowledge and wisdom than those of modern times do.

Connection:
Astrology is an ancient practice that has followed into modern times with many believers who still practice it today even though there is no scientific proof that it’s real. Astrology is the idea that a person’s future can be foretold by the way celestial bodies such as the moon, planets, constellations, and sun are positioned at the time of their birth, and that their personalities are determined by these cosmic phenomena (which is demonstrated with the image). Skepticism and critical thinking can and should be applied to this practice. Asking things like how accurate the predictions are? what dictates how celestial alignments are analyzed and applied- are they biased?  How often are practitioners of astrology found right? What evidence is there to support this practice? are questions that skeptics may ask so that solely the facts of the matter are presented. A flaw to this ancient practice is that it wrongfully categorizes people based on generalizations- i.e., Scorpios are resentful and dark.

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Post #4 Red Flag: Mystical Energy (article)

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Post #4 Red Flag: Mystical Energy (article)

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Definition:
The improper use of the term energy to makes things sound more scientific than they really are paired with spirituality to make it seem like there are viable solutions or forces working on a metaphysical plain.

Connection:
This website “Reiki Infinite Healer Course” goes over how you can learn the mystical energy of Reiki- the channeling of positive energy into the body- to help you alleviate personal stress, pain, and negativity, or to help you heal someone else. This can be connected to the Pseudoscience watchlist for the use of scientific sounding language that is meaningless- the use of biocosmic energy and healing modalities are a major part of this practice in order to restore balance to the body, mind, and spirit by bringing in positive energy and expelling negative energy. A flaw to Reiki healing energy is that there is limited scientific backing- although it’s been practiced for years, even in medical facilities for things like PTSD, it is more of an alternative medicine that mainly works to restoring balance and finding inner peace which in turn helps people relax.

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Dave Nelson
Certified Reiki Master

Can you blame me for being skeptical?

I'd been teaching Reiki techniques professionally for over eight years...
I'd taught hundreds of students to heal themselves and others...

...and I didn't believe anything could replace the one-on-one instruction
I could offer my students. But I was about to be proven wrong!

My name is Dave Nelson, and I'm a fully certified Reiki Master. Before
I tell you about this jaw-dropping new method to learn how to use
the healing power of Reiki... I want to make sure you're in the right place.

It could push away pain, anxiety, and negative emotions that constantly hang over you... like parting clouds on a stormy day...

It may let you experience the joy of healing others, of watching for the first time their shock and astonishment at the healing power of Reiki techniques...

It could bring balance to your life, heal your Chakras, and fill you with contentment and a sense of deep understanding...

I know, because that's what it did for my students AND myself...

* Results may vary

A few years ago, if you had asked me how to become a Reiki master,
I would have told you the long and winding path I took to get there.

Choose a good teacher. Listen to him or her carefully. Go to classes diligently and practice, practice, practice. As time goes on, you'd gradually learn more about the techniques, and eventually climb the rungs of mastery. One step at a time.

The problem?

Traditional Reiki classes
are expensive!

And if the instructor didn't have an efficient system, it could take years to learn the material. That means most people just didn't have the time and money to learn how to do it... So when one of my colleagues told me of a new method he used to learn Reiki at home at his own pace without an instructor...

Can you imagine my reaction?
Can you blame me for doing what I did?
I scoffed.

There was no way reading some book or listening to some tape could teach people what I had to go to classes to learn. At least, that's what I thought at the time.

Then I learned...

Master Mikao Usui

The founder and pioneer of Reiki himself. For years, many of Master Usui's writings weren't available to anyone... They were hidden away or lost. But recently, one of his personal writings has been uncovered and translated.

In fact, it's the very piece of writing detailing exactly how he developed Reiki in the first place. So when I found out that this new method was drawn directly from this piece of ancient text... I sat up and paid attention. I read the translated text, and I almost couldn't believe the secrets I discovered...

Mount Kurama
Japan

Did you know that the founder of Reiki developed the Art of Reiki alone on Mount Kurama?

All by himself!

He didn't have an instructor to guide him, and yet he was able to learn to heal others. And he detailed exactly how to do it in this newly discovered writing... I couldn't believe it.

It took me years of in-person classes to become a certified master.

I had taught others using the same methods I used to learn Reiki myself... but Usui's method allowed him to start healing others all on his own. It didn't even require an instructor.

Even if you know nothing about Reiki... it's possible for you to learn to heal others using real Reiki techniques using the same method...

I had to find out.

Of course, I was already a Reiki healer and that's why I needed to somehow get people who wanted to learn Reiki to try it.

So I took the best parts from the original manuscript, broke it down, and made it into a step-by-step guide that's completely foolproof.

Then I distributed it to several interested students to see if it worked. The results made me rethink everything I thought I knew about learning Reiki.

I found that not only were these people able to learn the techniques through this new method, but that:

As much as I hate to admit it, they learned those Reiki techniques just as well as if I had been in my studio teaching them. And they learned this incredible healing system at home. It didn't cost them thousands of dollars, or even hundreds.

Frankly, it made me a believer.

Here was a way for people to learn Reiki that needs only a fraction of the energy, and money compared with formal classes. So I took the program and worked it around their feedback, made it even easier to learn and understand than before. I added parts to help improve understanding of the core concepts of Reiki...

And I threw in tons of supplementary material like Reiki music, eBooks, and personal support...everything you need to create an optimal Reiki experience...

What I came away with is Reiki Infinite Healer.

Gives you a working system for healing yourself, your friends and your loved ones...

Shows you how to practice Reiki from the comfort of your own home (no long commute to classes)...

Helps you discover the power of Reiki from Mikao Usui's original writing... a precise, eloquent and simple application of the art...

Gives you what you need to learn Reiki without face-to-face contact with a Reiki instructor (Mikao Usui himself clearly indicates what it takes to learn and become proficient at Reiki, and it does not include direct contact with a teacher or practitioner)...

Teaches you a direct and proven path to moving from Reiki practitioner to Reiki Master faster than you would ever believe...

* Results may vary

At your own pace

Easily

Affordably

It sounds crazy.

But if you give Reiki Infinite Healer a try, you may experience real, profound results. You could literally feel the energy as it flows through you. It's the most profound feeling and you would be shocked at how it starts to positively change things around you...

And you don't need to take my word for it. It's been over a year now since I released my Reiki Infinite Healer and the results have been stunning.

In fact, more people have succeeded in learning Reiki since Reiki Infinite Healer has been released than all of my years teaching people one-on-one.

People contact me all the time, without request for testimonial and completely unsolicited.

I've been teaching Reiki for over eight years and I still believe there is a place and time for master to student attunements...

But most of the time you are better off attuning yourself through personal meditation...

The same way Dr. Usui attuned himself when he developed the art. I have never had a student who has followed the self-attunement techniques in Reiki Infinite Healer come to me afterwards and tell me they couldn't attune.

So if you just want to start practicing techniques at your own pace, without spending a lot of money, then you're in the right place.

Alleviate emotional and psychological traumas brought on by difficult life events...
Many of us have had difficult even traumatic events occur in our lives that have left us, emotionally or psychologically scarred. Reiki could remove the energetic element that is attaching itself to your psyche; often removing the pain, anxiety and negative emotions these traumas left behind...

* Results may vary

You won't need to attend classes every week...

You won't need to work with a Reiki teacher or master...

You won't need to incur thousands of dollars in class costs...

My Reiki Level 1 Manual

My Reiki Level 2 Manual

My Reiki Level 3 Manual

A Full Body Healing Techniques Video

Over 2 HOURS of Reiki Music

My Full Body Treatment Hand Positions Flash Cards

Direct Email Support from Me, Dave Nelson

Certifications for All 3 Levels

How to quickly Master the 7 spiritual concepts behind Reiki...

How to balance and open your Chakras...

How to scan your aura for energy imbalances

How to "Reiki self treatment"

Using Reiki to heal the Endocrine System...

Using Reiki to heal the Lymphatic system...

How to: "Treat Others"

How to: Rapid Reiki Treatment...

How to: Group Reiki Treatment...

How to: Family Healing (Pregnancy, Babies & Children)

Watch a true Master demonstrate the power of Reiki!
Now included in my level one training is this video demonstration that makes it even easier to learn by watching a Reiki master in action. This alone removes a TON of confusion that level I students usually have.

Gassho Meditation...

Reiji-Ho the Second Pillar of Reiki...

Chiryo the Third Pillar of Reiki...

The Reiki Breath...

The Sacred Reiki Symbols...

Reiki Infinite Healer - Level 2...

A Traditional Distant Reiki Healing Technique...

Advanced Reiki practitioner Hand Positions...

Combining Reiki with other Healing Disciplines...

Animal Reiki Techniques...

How to Perform the Reiki Distant Attunements...

More Advanced Reiki Techniques...

Absent or Distant Reiki Attunements...

Perform Combined Reiki 1, 2 and 3 Attunement...

3rd Degree Usui Reiki...

Reiki and Symbolism...

The Traditional Usui Reiki Master Symbol...

The Reiki Attunement Ceremony...

As you complete a level, you will get a cert indicating the completion of that level.

Including:

Reiki Level 1 Certificate

Reiki Level 2 Certificate

Reiki Master Level Certificate

After completion of each section simply contact us online and we will evaluate and accept your application of certification. There is no additional charge for the certifications.

Reiki music is extraordinary in its ability to create balance in the soul, heart and physiology. As a special part of Reiki Infinite Healer, I am providing 10 tracks of authentic, extraordinarily powerful and enlightening Reiki music. Only authentic Reiki masters have the ability to make genuine Reiki music.

The combination of Reiki master and musical artist is rare indeed and true Reiki music actually can have the ability to transmit higher levels of spiritually healing energy to the listener.

These tranquil and beautiful melodies will help facilitate the process of learning, retaining and integrating Reiki practice as taught in this course.

This is the "ultimate Reiki learning tool" that could facilitate your ability to master the Reiki hand positions fast!

Each flash card has a picture of the hand position and a detailed description of its use.... Use these hand position flash cards to make your Reiki learning experience even easier than you thought possible.

E-mail support directly from me, Dave Nelson, Reiki Infinite Healer Author and Reiki master. I want to make this as easy for you as possible.

If you have a question or are having any difficulties along your Reiki path just send me an e-mail. I'm including my personal e-mail address so I will get back to you with your solution... fast.

I check my e-mail multiple times a day so I will respond be there when you need me.

I want to give you everything you need to accelerate your learning process and develop your unique healing gift.

I want you to be one of the select few people who understands how to harness the positive energy of the universe and use it to help yourself and those around you... That's why, if you purchase the Reiki Infinite Healer Home Study Course now, I will immediately send you 4 BONUSES valued at over $200 FREE OF CHARGE...

These bonuses were carefully selected to further enhance your Reiki experience...and help you advance advance in this healing system! They are-in in my opinion-the perfect guides for beginner students. They are also FREE as a gesture of my faith in you and your exciting new journey with Reiki...

Note: To eliminate shipping costs, I will give these to you in digital form so that you can download them instantly!

#1: Crystal Healing

What if you could quickly strengthen your immune system, prevent health problems, and experience glowing vitality, all by knowing how to use the hidden energy within crystals? Crystal healing provides the simple and practical action steps to help you reach the potential of physical health that waits inside of you.

This amazing book explains, how to work with the three parts that are "you" (mind-body-spirit.) And when you balance these three, you may realize a harmonizing of your very essence using Crystal healing energy.

When practiced, users may experience vibrant health and see physical problems disappear!

Value: $64.99 Yours Free

#2: Herbal Healing for Everyone

Are you struggling with physical problems? Does the thought of changing your eating habits drastically bring you to your knees as you shiver in horror at the thought of leaving behind all those foods you love so much... Only to be left wondering, "how will I enjoy life without them?"

The author of Herbal Healing for Everyone may have the answer... and it's not what you expect! You may be able to enjoy the foods you love and improve your health using herbs in the way they were intended. This book shows you how!

Value: $99.97 Yours Free

#3: Learn More About the Amazing Art of Acupuncture

In this book "Amazing Art of Acupuncture" you'll discover an ancient and powerful health system.

These techniques, methods and practices date back to the ancient Taoists and Asian Health Science Practitioners, literally thousands of years ago. For centuries acupuncture practitioners have achieved amazing feats of body-mind-spirit connection, and have promoted health and longevity in individuals up to a century old or more.

Value: $24.95 Yours Free

#4: Yoga for You

"Yoga for You" puts the fun back into yoga. Who Says Yoga can't be fun? Forget everything you know about Yoga - introducing "Yoga for You" A Dynamic Method Of Practice That Can Help You Move Better And Feel Better While Learning Fun And Interesting Ways To Move Your Body.

You probably already know that practicing Yoga can help you increase flexibility and help you learn to relax. "Yoga for You" was created to develop the flowing energy during the practice of yoga, not just static poses. This flow is a quality of movement in which you can translate into your everyday life and health.

Value: $23.49 Yours Free

The total value of all these books is over $280.
But if you move forward today and give Reiki Infinite Healer a try....

...you receive all four COMPLETELY FREE

I want you to be completely delighted

Review all of the Reiki revolutionary learning material inside the course...take your time...and put it to the test... Evaluate and assess its true value to YOU...

I think you will be COMPLETELY delighted by how easily you've learned Reiki...you'll feel completely confident in your ability to heal and transform your life, using what you've learned from Reiki Infinite Healer.

If for any reason you aren't satisfied with your experience within 60 days I'll send ALL of your money back!

I want you to expand your horizons

If you don't think the discoveries and insights you have had about yourself through the expansion of your own awareness and consciousness from the teachings within The Reiki Infinite Healer course have given you profound advantages moving forward in your life, then simply let me know in the next 60 days and I'll quickly refund your money.

And as my way of saying thank you for taking this step to improve your life...you can keep the 4 Volume Set of Bonuses as my gift!

I want you to take your first step to a truly fulfilling life

As a Reiki master myself, I know that when you become a Reiki master yourself, you'll be aligning yourself with your true destiny as a universal healer!

This powerful training and healing become the "blueprint" of your life...a blueprint that gives you the inner strength and guidance you NEED to experience:

A deeper understanding of yourself...

The ability to heal yourself and others using Reiki...

A happier and more fulfilled life...

You could...

Feel the confidence and peace of mind you wish for, now fully aware your life is balancing, harmonizing and finally unfolding perfectly and effortlessly in the exact way the universe has always intended for you...

Realize the dream you've always held in your heart...the one you deserve of happiness, confidence, and love. All of this could become reality in your life!

Master Reiki as it was intended, in its original form, by using a training course derived from the direct translation of Mikao Usui and his "old Japanese" text. These master teachings could give you the power to help people with their most troubling physical, emotional or psychological problems regardless of their severity or length of time the problem has existed.

Feel a new reality permeating every inch of your being. Your physical body is alive with the vibrancy and new found energy of this new reality. Your optimism and excitement about your everyday activities facilitate and foster the creativity and joy to take on the world, happily and with purpose...

Find the true image of the life you were meant to live thanks to the Original Reiki Master Mikao Usui! Your energy may flow freely...and your consciousness may change as you become one with your new healing power... and my friend I will tell you...this experience is going to help you unfold an incredible part of the beautiful concept of "you" that you never knew existed!

* Results may vary

You might be thinking that all of this advanced training would cost you a proverbial arm and a leg...especially considering the cost of Reiki classes. I'm here to tell you-at least for now-that it won't!

You probably already know that going to school and learning in person is expensive (not to mention time-consuming). It typically costs a student between $1000 and $4000 to achieve teacher status... Master Reiki status is even more expensive! So you might be surprised to hear that the cost of this program is not $1000....

...and it's not even $500.

The entire Reiki Infinite Healer course is normally priced at an incredible $188-which is a fraction of what you would normally pay for formal training... However, I want EVERYONE to have the opportunity to experience the healing power of Reiki, and that's why I've decided - for a limited time - I'm going to lower the price EVEN FURTHER to just $47!

Think about this: For less than the price of a cup of Starbucks coffee every day for a month, you could change your life and help heal the people you love!

The following are individual experiences people have received. Your personal experience of the product may vary.

Perhaps it could help others physically and emotionally, as you always dreamed you could... Or maybe you can finally be healed, and overcome chronic problems that have worried you at times... You may be able to quickly and easily by able to use the healing energy of the universe to overcome ANY obstacle once and for all.

How would that make you feel? ...the possibility to be free of pain... ...the possibility to remove those stressful burdens...the possibility to see people's lives change before your eyes thanks to YOUR healing energy!

Please remember what I have told you up until now... The universe is knocking on your door... Are you listening? You are on the cusp of what could be... The greatest opportunity...for life changing positive and dramatic change in your lifetime... Grasp that opportunity now!

Take advantage of this offer and you'll
get ALL of these incredible products:

My Reiki Level 1 Manual

My Reiki Level 2 Manual

My Reiki Level 3 Manual

A Full Body Healing Techniques Video

Over 2 HOURS of Reiki Music

My Full Body Treatment Hand Positions Flash Cards

Direct Email Support from Me, Dave Nelson

Certifications for All 3 Levels

Try it risk free today! I believe in this program so much that I'm giving you complete access to the entire program and all the bonuses at my risk, not yours!

I'm willing to do this because I believe it could truly show you how to heal with Reiki. If you're not satisfied with the program, just let me know within 60 days of your purchase and I'll refund 100% of the price.

Q:

Do I need an attunement from a Reiki Master?

A:

Typically not. This is a common misconception among the modern Reiki community. Some people will tell you that you need to get attuned by a master, but in my experience this simply isn't true.

Attunement can be achieved by self-directed methods that Master Mikao Usui himself used. We'll show you exactly how it's done inside Reiki Infinite Healer!

Q:

How does Reiki affect my faith?

A:

It doesn't matter if you're Christian, Buddhist, Muslim or Hindu...Reiki is not a religion and does NOT conflict with any religious beliefs. It is merely learning to work with the energy that exists all around us...energy that ALL faiths embrace.

Reiki Infinite Healer has an unprecedented 60 day guarantee which completely eliminates any risk... You have nothing to lose! With this guarantee, you can rest assured that you can get the opportunity to use this powerful, quick, and simple path to learning Reiki... WITHOUT RISKING ANY MONEY.

If you purchase now you will receive all of my bonuses listed above too. These bonuses are a perfect adjunct to your growth and expansion of consciousness you may be experiencing with your Reiki Infinite Healer.

They may work in perfect harmony, as you expand your consciousness during your Reiki Infinite Healer practice... Allowing you to have an even deeper, richer and holistic experience. You might've noticed, I'm only allowing the most serious among you to participate in these bonuses.

This is why my offer is time-limited. I want to make sure you really want to grow and expand your consciousness using Reiki Infinite Healer, so I'm reserving these bonuses for those who are ready to move forward now.

See your life purpose... Maybe for the first time!

Feel the joy and peace of healing others

Address energetic root causes of your own physical and emotional problems

Banish the stresses of life!

Establish the powerful connection to your own life force and Chakras

Balance yourself physically and spiritually

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I'd been teaching Reiki techniques professionally for over eight years... I'd taught hundreds of students to heal themselves and others... ...and I didn't believe anything could replace the one-on-one instruction I could offer my students. But I was about to be proven wrong! My name is Dave Nelson, and I'm a fully certified Reiki Master.

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I chose to evaluate the video What Happens Inside the Bermuda Triangle? | Unveiled

Define problem:
What causes the mysterious disappearances of planes and ships in the Bermuda Triangle?

Gather Information:

This video is made by a YouTube channel called Unveiled. They look at conspiracies, their theories and then focus on the most logical reasonings. In this video, Unveiled lists several theories, but focuses mainly on the more natural explanations of strange disappearances such as planes running out fuel due to miscalculations and ships being improperly structured or taken by angry seas.

Evaluate Evidence:

Unveiled has been an educational page since they joined YouTube in 2014. They are a branch from the company WatchMojo which is known for combining information and entertainment. Some of the material used in this video does relate to scientific arguments of what happens in the Bermuda triangle. The facts have been cross referenced and there are other studies that have been completed that share the same sentiments, mainly towards the more mundane theories. The sources that have done the fact checking have reproduced results by means of simulations, charting flight/sailing patterns, and researching the conditions/circumstances surrounding the vanished transports. All follow the scientific method.

Recognize assumptions, emotions, biases:

For the examples provided in the video, Unveiled details the situations recorded before and after the transports went missing and comes to the conclusion that it is human error that is largely responsible for the strange disappearances. However, they still appeal to our love of mystery by stating the thousands of ships that have gone missing over the years that remain as unsolved mysteries without any explanations. Throughout the video Unveiled appeals to viewers emotions of wonder and curiosity by briefly indulging the legends and myths surrounding the Bermuda triangle, leaving some hope for supernatural enthusiasts.

Synthesize evidence, Identify alternatives:

Alternative solution 1: Ships and planes mainly go missing in the Bermuda triangle for supernatural cosmic reasons i.e., wormholes and aliens. (Supported largely by conspiracists)

Alternative solution 2: Ships and planes mainly go missing in the Bermuda triangle due to natural causes i.e., storms and bad weather. (Supported largely by skeptics)

Alternative solution 3: Ships and planes mainly go missing in the Bermuda triangle due to human error i.e., miscalculations and poor structural building. (Supported largely by skeptics and researchers)
Alternative solution 4: Ships and planes mainly go missing in the Bermuda triangle due to undiscovered reasons i.e., unknown aquatic life and/or passages. (Supported by both skeptics and conspiracists)

Select best alternative:

In conclusion, Ships and planes mainly go missing in the Bermuda triangle due to human error.

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Post #5 Red Flag: Confirmation Bias (image)

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Post #5 Red Flag: Confirmation Bias (image)

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Definition:
When a person’s opinions or beliefs line up with the information they find/are willing to accept; or when research is done and only confirming support is accepted while contradicting information is ignored.

Connection:
The picture demonstrates confirmation bias because we ignore the things that don’t line up with our own belief system. There are several flaws in shedding all acknowledgment of contradicting information to our own opinion, two of which are we are often left with misinformation or only half of a truth, and we are often left with old or outdated evidence to support our views. A pseudoscience watchlist that can be applied to this photo is the lack of progression- holding the same biased views without willingness to learn outside of them leaves no room for advancement or change since they were formed.

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Post #7 Reason for Belief: Patternicity (image)

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Post #7 Reason for Belief: Patternicity (image)

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Definition:
As humans we look for patterns in seemingly random objects to help us understand what we are seeing/experiencing because we like to make things more human; we like to make sense of things that are otherwise senseless.

Connection:
This picture represents patternicity found in constellations. Astronomers look to the sky and make out groups of stars which they name after the shape they look like or a mythological figure. Constellations have been used to make sense of the universe and our place in it; they are patterns that help us find order in an otherwise chaotic system. A limitation to constellations is that not everyone can look up and see them either because of their geographical location, the lack of necessary technology, or even the lack of creative vision. Our perception & observation varies from person to person and is shaped by our biases, so where someone might see an archer in the stars (reference to image), another may think it looks like a deformed beetle or a block of misshapen molecules.

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Post #6 Red Flag: Proof of Verbosity(image)

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Post #6 Red Flag: Proof of Verbosity(image)

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Definition:
Providing large amounts of “evidence” and information towards an argument that doesn’t really support it and more so acts to make viewers believe that with that much information their claim is undoubtedly true.

Connection:
Proof of verbosity is demonstrated by this image as there are four boxes with the same concept. The first is the concept in simplest terms, and the last is the concept in the most complex terms. Because of its complexity and use of overwhelming details, the last one makes for a more "convincing" argument that “reality is an illusion” and “the universe is a hologram.” A pseudoscience watchlist that can be applied to this connection is the use of scientific-sounding language that is meaningless- throughout the text there are many words normally associated or used within the field of astronomy.

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Post #9 Reason for Belief: Ideological Support (article)

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Post #9 Reason for Belief: Ideological Support (article)

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Definition:
Ideological support is given based on ideas mostly related to religion, politics, economics and culture. Some people act on their beliefs because they think it is the right thing to do morally and/or ethically.

Connection:
This article explains the Jonestown massacre which is a severe example of ideological support. Jim Jones- a minister and leader of the massacre- had a goal to make a communist community. He combined political and religious ideology to gain followers to join his cause. A pseudoscience watchlist that connects to this situation is the appeal to emotion. Jones’ cause was open to all, no matter race, gender, or sexuality, so this was a very integrated congregation. A lot of people were probably interested during this time because they had a place that would accept them and where they could socialize without being shunned in any manner. Also, when people were persuaded to follow through with the “revolutionary suicide,” many must have been flooded with fear and panic of what the government would do to them and their children which trumped their rational thoughts.

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On November 18, 1978, Peoples Temple leader Jim Jones instructed all members living in the Jonestown, Guyana compound to commit an act of "revolutionary suicide," by drinking poisoned punch. In all, 918 people died that day, nearly a third of whom were children.

The Jonestown Massacre was the most deadly single non-natural disaster in U.S. history until September 11, 2001. The Jonestown Massacre also remains the only time in history in which a U.S. congressman (Leo Ryan) was killed in the line of duty.

Jim Jones and the Peoples Temple

Founded in 1956 by Jim Jones, the Peoples Temple was a racially integrated church that focused on helping people in need. Jones originally established the Peoples Temple in Indianapolis, Indiana, but then moved it to Redwood Valley, California in 1966.

Jones had a vision of a communist community, one in which everyone lived together in harmony and worked for the common good. He was able to establish this in a small way while in California but he dreamed of establishing a compound outside of the United States.

This compound would be fully under his control, allow Peoples Temple members to help others in the area, and be far away from any influence of the United States government.

The Settlement in Guyana

Jones found a remote location in the South American country of Guyana that fit his needs. In 1973, he leased some land from the Guyanese government and had workers begin clearing it of jungle.

Since all building supplies needed to be shipped to the Jonestown Agricultural Settlement, construction of the site was slow. In early 1977, there were only about 50 people living in the compound and Jones was still in the U.S.

However, that all changed when Jones received word that an exposé was about to be printed about him. The article included interviews with ex-members.

The night before the article was to be printed, Jim Jones and several hundred Peoples Temple members flew to Guyana and moved into the Jonestown compound.

Things Go Wrong in Jonestown

Jonestown was meant to be a utopia. However, when members arrived at Jonestown, things were not as they expected. Since there weren't enough cabins built to house people, each cabin was filled with bunk beds and overcrowded. The cabins were also segregated by gender, so married couples were forced to live apart.

The heat and humidity in Jonestown was stifling and caused a number of members to get sick. Members were also required to work long days in the heat, often up to 11 hours a day.

Throughout the compound, members could hear Jones's voice broadcast through a loudspeaker. Unfortunately, Jones often would talk endlessly on the loudspeaker, even through the night. Exhausted from a long day's work, members did their best to sleep through it.

Although some members did love living in Jonestown, others wanted out. Since the compound was surrounded by miles and miles of jungle and encircled by armed guards, members needed Jones' permission to leave. And Jones didn't want anyone to leave.

Congressman Ryan Visits Jonestown

U.S. Representative Leo Ryan from San Mateo, California heard reports of bad things happening in Jonestown, and he decided he would go to Jonestown and find out for himself what was going on. He took along his adviser, an NBC film crew, and a group of concerned relatives of Peoples Temple members.

At first, everything looked fine to Ryan and his group. However, that evening, during a big dinner and dance in the pavilion, someone secretly handed one of the NBC crew members a note with the names of a few people who wanted to leave. It then became clear that some people were being held against their will in Jonestown.

The following day, November 18, 1978, Ryan announced that he was willing to take anyone who wished to leave back to the United States. Worried about Jones' reaction, only a few people accepted Ryan's offer.

The Attack at the Airport

When it was time to leave, the Peoples Temple members who had stated they wanted out of Jonestown scrambled on board a truck with Ryan's entourage. Before the truck got far, Ryan, who had decided to stay behind to ensure that there was no one else who wanted to leave, was attacked by a Peoples Temple member.

The assailant failed to cut Ryan's throat, but the incident made it obvious that Ryan and the others were in danger. Ryan then joined the truck and left the compound.

The truck made it safely to the airport, but the planes weren't ready to leave when the group arrived. As they waited, a tractor and trailer pulled up near them. From the trailer, Peoples Temple members popped up and started shooting at Ryan's group.

On the tarmac, five people were killed, including Congressman Ryan. Many others were severely wounded.

Mass Suicide at Jonestown: Drinking Poisoned Punch

Back in Jonestown, Jones ordered everyone to assemble at the pavilion. Once everyone was assembled, Jones spoke to his congregation. He was in a panic and seemed agitated. He was upset that some of his members had left. He acted like things had to happen in a hurry.

He told the congregation that there was to be an attack on Ryan's group. He also told them that because of the attack, Jonestown wasn't safe. Jones was sure that the U.S. government would react strongly to the attack on Ryan's group. "[W]hen they start parachuting out of the air, they'll shoot some of our innocent babies," Jones told them.

Jones told his congregation that the only way out was to commit the "revolutionary act" of suicide. One woman spoke up against the idea, but after Jones offered reasons why there was no hope in other options, the crowd spoke out against her.

When it was announced that Ryan was dead, Jones became more urgent and more heated. Jones urged the congregation to commit suicide by saying, "If these people land out here, they'll torture some of our children here. They'll torture our people, they'll torture our seniors. We cannot have this."

Jones told everyone to hurry. Large kettles filled with grape-flavored Flavor-Aid (not Kool-Aid), cyanide, and Valium were placed in the open-sided pavilion.

Babies and children were brought up first. Syringes were used to pour the poisoned juice into their mouths. Mothers then drank some of the poisoned punch.

Next went other members. Some members were already dead before others got their drinks. If anyone wasn't cooperative, there were guards with guns and crossbows to encourage them. It took approximately five minutes for each person to die.

The Death Toll

On that day, November 18, 1978, 912 people died from drinking the poison, 276 of whom were children. Jones died from a single gunshot wound to the head, but it is unclear whether or not he did this himself.

Only a handful or so people survived, either by escaping into the jungle or hiding somewhere in the compound. In total 918 people died, either at the airport or at the Jonestown compound.

Further Reading

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Learn The Sorrowful Story of the Jonestown Massacre

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On November 18, 1978, Peoples Temple leader Jim Jones instructed all members living in the Jonestown, Guyana compound to commit an act of "revolutionary suicide," by drinking poisoned punch. In all, 918 people died that day, nearly a third of whom were children. The Jonestown Massacre was the most deadly single non-natural disaster in U.S.

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Post #8 Reason for Belief: Unexplained (video)

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Post #8 Reason for Belief: Unexplained (video)

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Definition:
When we don’t know the cause of something because there is not yet an explanation, we come up with our own.

Connection:
This video shows the Reason of Belief of the Unexplained as the Bermuda Triangle, one of the world mysteries that stump academics and enthusiasts alike. The video discusses the different theories that go towards explaining the many unsolved disappearances of transport. Skepticism and the critical thinking process can be applied to this video of what happens inside the Bermuda triangle and would be very useful for weeding out the facts from fiction- to evaluate the evidence and credibility, record any assumptions or biases, and to consider the alternatives behind the disappearances would allow for a more logical explanation of the triangle. Some of the theories may stem from an emotional connection. If the people who believe in/proposed them had any personal connections to the ships sunk or the planes gone missing, then their rationale may be clouded. Or some theories may come from agenticity- more and more ships have sunk and instead of them just being a meaningless loss of cargo and life, they put a higher intention behind it so there can be a true purpose.

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What Happens Inside the Bermuda Triangle? | Unveiled