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Founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale in 1966
in Oakland

Dissolved in 1982

Headquarters in Oakland and California

Chapters in San Francisco, New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, Seattle and Philadelphia

Purpose was to protect African-Americans from police brutality.
they wanted to help black people to defend themselves, by using self-defenses. And allow them to carried weapon. so they could fight back.

It turned into much more they also sponsored different kinds of welfare programs. But also had conflicts with the police. And because the sometimes use weapons in conflicts, they was seen as a terrorist group and a threat to the country's safety.

They make the ten point program
it was a guideline, for what they wanted for the black people

l.   We want freedom. We want power to determine the destiny of our Black and oppressed communities.

2.  We want full employment for our people

3.  We want an end to the robbery by the capitalist of our black and oppressed communities

4.  We want decent housing,  fit for the shelter of human beings.

5 . We want education for our people that exposes the true nature of this decadent American society. We want education that teaches us our true history and our role in the present-day society.

6. We want completely free health care for all Black and oppressed people.

7. We want an immediate end to police brutality and murder of Black people, other people of color, all oppressed people inside the United States.

8. We want an immediate end to all wars of aggression.

9. We want freedom for all Black and poor oppressed people now held in U.S. federal, state, county, city and military prisons and jails. We want trials by a jury of peers for all persons charged with so-called crimes under the laws of this country.

10. We want land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice, peace and people’s community control of modern technology.

Tilføj en billedtekst

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Born in Miami, Florida on the 5th of February 1995

Died on the 26th of February 26, 2012
(aged 17)

Martin was shot and killed by George Zimmerman, in what he claimed to have been self-defense under Florida "stand your ground" law
(Martin was later confirmed to be unarmed)

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So-called "stand your ground" laws are a series of legislative codes designed to outline the use of deadly force against another if the victim believes themselves in imminent life-threatening danger or is the victim of a home invasion. They usually include a "duty to retreat" which states that if the victim has an option to retreat i.e escape the situation they are required to do so before attempting to use deadly force.
In 2005 Florida repealed this part of its legislative code, meaning that the victims no longer had to retreat.

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On the evening of the shooting George Zimmerman was walking around the gated community where both he and Martin were currently living, before the shooting occurred Zimmerman had already reported Martin as being suspicious which meant that the police arrived within two minutes of the first gunshots being fired, when they arrived on scene they found Zimmerman injured after an apparent altercation between him and Martin.

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After the shooting Zimmerman was aquitted as the jury reasoned that the shooting fell under Florida stand your ground laws as self defence, although Zimmerman would still be under investigation by the DOJ until 2015 were they eventually concluded that the shooting did not qualify for the "high standard" of a federal hate crime trial, which meant that Zimmerman was aquitted again.

The shooting sparked huge interest from the media and general populace, and multiple protest and marches were held.

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Martin Luther King
"I Have A Dream"

* Born "Michael" 1929, Atlanta Georgia
* Raised in a Discilpined home
* Got married to Coretta in 1953
* had 4 children
* Became Political Religous Leader
* Fought For Racial Equality
* Became famous for his " I have Dream Speech"
* Became one of the most significant figurns in christian history.
* Won Nobel Peace Prize in 1965
* He was assisnated in Lorraine Motel in Mephis   Tenneessee,  1968 by James Earl Ray,

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Born in North Carolina, raised in Houston, Texas

46 years old, a father

Killed on May 25th in Minneapolis, Minnesota

Allegedly tried to buy smokes with a 20 dollar counterfeit bill

Last words immortalised:

”I can’t breathe”

Recording of the murder of George Floyd was taken by 17 year old Darnella Frazier

The police officer knelt on George Floyds neck for almost 10 minutes

The police officer who murdered George Floyd is Derek Chauvin

State case = 22.5 year prison sentence for the murder of George Floyd

Federal charges of violating George Floyds Civil rights = more than 20 years prison sentence

3 additional cops where at the scene

Thomas Lane = 2.5 year sentence for violating George Floyds civil rights

Tou Thao = 3.5 year sentence sentence for violating George Floyds civil rights

J. Alexander Kueng = 3 year sentence for violating George Floyds civil rights

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1. When and how did it start?

1619, when the privateer The White Lion brought 20 enslaved African ashore in the British colony of Jamestown, Virginia. The crew had seized the Africans from the Portuguese slave ship Sao Jao Bautista.

1. When did it end?

By the mid-19th century, the abolition movement provoked a great debate over slavery that would tear the nation apart in the bloody civil war.

1. How many slaves where there?

Some historians have estimated that about 6-7 million of enslavery were imported to the new world during 18th century alone.

1. How was life as a slave?

They were usually prohibited from learning to read and write, and their behaviour and movement were restricted.

Many masters raped enslaved women and rewarded obedient behaviour with favors,

Marriages between enslaved men and women had no legal basis, but many did marry and raise large families.

1. Jim Crow Laws (Examples)

Jim Crow-love is an American definition of racial-segregation in the south (1877-1963)

The name Jim Crow originates from popular entertainment in late 1820, where white actors preformed as black with black painted faces.

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https://youtu.be/ZX8ihCOJaZM

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'I can't breathe:' Death of unarmed black man George Floyd leads to firing of white police officers

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28. October 1967 he get arrested for shooting and killing a policeman.
But because of the public pressure "Free Huey" he got released in 1970.

he faced some more criminal charges when was accused óf killing a 17 -year- old sex worker and assaulting a person.
so he fled to Cuba
later he suffered from drug and alcohol problems
got back to prison and ended his life after getting killed buy a gun shot on the street.

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• Born “Malcolm Little” on May, 1925
* Several years in foster homes
• Low paid jobs
• Criminal
• Time in a prison and a member of the Nation of Islam
• Malcolm X is a radical (defend and advance themselves “by any means necessary”)
• Killed on February February 21, 1965

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Was arrested in 1970 for conpiraty to incite riots.
while during prison time he reorganizing the Panthers , because of his absence, had fallen into disorder.
in 1973 he tryed to ran for Major of Oakland, but got tired of politics and started to write instead

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·      Cofounded in 2013 as a hashtag on social media by Patrisse Khan-Cullors, Alicia Garza and Opal Tometi after George Zimmerman was acquitted on charges stemming from his fatal shooting of Trayvon Martin

·      Is an international social movement formed I USA, dedicated to fighting racism and anti-black violence

·      The name signals condemnation of the unjust killings of b lack people by police

o   Black people are far more likely to be killed by the police than white people

·      Activities have held large and influential protests across USA as well as internationally

·      BLW is led by activities who organize their own campaigns and programs

·      It’s a nonprofit civil rights organization that’s active in USA, Canada and the United Kingdom

·      Expanded in 2014 after the police killings of two unarmed black men: Eric Garner in Staten Island, New York and Michael Brown who was a teenager, shot in Ferguson, Missouri.

o   BLW captured national and international attention for wanting to bring the officers to charges.

o   After this the organization continued to have a prominent role in demonstrarions against the police and their brutally racism

·      In may 2020 unarmed George Floyd was killed on open street by a Minneapolis police officer, Derek Chauvin, who knelt on Floyd’s neck for more than 9 minutes despite Floyd repeated several times he couldn’t breathe.

o   This also led to national attention on two earlier deaths om African Americans: Ahmaud Arbery who was shot be two men, who believed he had committed series of break-ins and Breonna Taylor was killed durning a botched police raid in her apartment.

The Black Lives Matter movement has many goals. BLM activists seek to draw attention to the many ways in which Black people are treated unfairly in society and the ways in which institutions, laws, and policies help to perpetuate that unfairness. The movement has fought racism through such means as political action, letter-writing campaigns, and nonviolent protests. BLM seeks to combat police brutality, the over-policing of minority neighbourhoods, and the abuses committed by for-profit jails. Its efforts have included calls for better training for police and greater accountability for police misconduct. BLM activists have also called for “defunding” the police—that is, reducing police department budgets and investing the freed-up funds in community social services, such as mental health and conflict-resolution programs. BLM activists have worked on voter registration and get-out-the-vote campaigns in Black communities. In addition, BLM programs have celebrated Black artists and writers.

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Black Lives Matter explained: The history of a movement

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The Original Panther Party didn’t just end, it was sabotaged and destroyed.

. Many whites, mostly in government and law enforcement, didn’t like the revolution they were creating.

Laws, like the one that forbids felons of owning firearms, were passed. The mass incarcerations of blacks began around that same time, which was likely a tactic to make as many as they could felons.

Many of original founders & members ended up murdered or framed for crimes & sentenced as political prisoners.