# data[].attributes.headline
Climate change impact on water and salt balances: an assessment of the impact of climate change
on catchment salt and water balances
in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia

# data[].attributes.subject
Climate change impact on water and salt balances: an assessment of the impact of climate change
on catchment salt and water balances
in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia

# data[].attributes.body
The study shows significant challenges caused by climate change to the hydrology of the Murray-Darling Basin, including a potential 25% reduction in mean annual rainfall and increased evapotranspiration by 2070. These changes could lead to substantial reductions in runoff (up to 64% in drier areas) and increased stream salt concentrations, worsening water quality and availability.

To address these issues, the study implies the need for proactive natural resource management strategies, such as improved water conservation, enhanced revegetation efforts, and adaptive water management policies that consider climate change impacts to mitigate the negative consequences on water resources (Austin et. al., 2010).

# data[].attributes.body
Austin, J., Zhang, L., Jones, R. N., Durack, P., Dawes, W., & Hairsine, P. (2010). Climate change impact on water and salt balances: an assessment of the impact of climate change on catchment salt and water balances in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia. Climatic change, 100(3), 607-631.

Mainuddin, M., Karim, F., Gaydon, D. S., & Kirby, J. M. (2021). Impact of climate change and management strategies on water and salt balance of the polders and islands in the Ganges delta. Sci Rep 11: 7041.

Wan, H., Bian, J., Zhang, H., & Li, Y. (2021). Assessment of future climate change impacts on water-heat-salt migration in unsaturated frozen soil using CoupModel. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 15, 1-17.

Shaw, W., Barry, V., & Muntean, D. (2020). Normative theories of ethics. Moral issues in business (4th ed., pp. 43–81). Cengage. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vu/reader.action?docID=6511766&ppg=21

Bertels, D., & Willems, P. (2022). Climate change impact on salinization of drinking water inlets along the Campine Canals, Belgium. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 42, 101129.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Goal 13: Climate action - The Global Goals

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.

# data[].attributes.headline
Impact of climate change and management strategies on water and salt balance of the polders and islands in the   Ganges delta

# data[].attributes.subject
Impact of climate change and management strategies on water and salt balance of the polders and islands in the   Ganges delta

# data[].attributes.body
The study identifies salinity as a critical challenge for enhancing crop production in the Ganges delta, particularly in the drier areas of Dacope and Gosaba. Climate change is expected to alter rainfall patterns, leading to variable runoff and changes in salt concentrations in soil, water storage ponds, and canals, which could hinder crop production.

Effective salt management practices are crucial for reducing salinity in shallow groundwater and surface water, thereby enhancing irrigation and crop yields. These management strategies, especially in Dacope and Gosaba, are likely to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change on salinity, improving agricultural productivity and supporting poverty alleviation efforts in the region(Mainuddin et. al., 2021).

# data[].attributes.headline
Assessment of future climate change impacts on water-heat- salt migration in unsaturated frozen soil using CoupModel

# data[].attributes.subject
Assessment of future climate change impacts on water-heat- salt migration in unsaturated frozen soil using CoupModel

# data[].attributes.body
The study highlights the urgent need to understand the transport mechanisms of water, heat, and salt in unsaturated frozen soil, particularly under future climate change scenarios in western Jilin Province, China. Projected increases in temperature and changes in precipitation will shorten the freeze-thaw period, leading to enhanced water and salt migration. This could cause explosive salt accumulation in the surface soil layer, threatening soil health and agricultural productivity.

To mitigate these impacts, effective measures should be implemented to prevent the salinization of unsaturated frozen soils. This could include advanced soil management techniques, monitoring systems, and climate-adaptive agricultural practices to address the challenges posed by climate change(wan et. al., 2021)

# data[].attributes.headline
Climate change impact on salinization of drinking water inlets along the Campine Canals, Belgium

# data[].attributes.subject
Climate change impact on salinization of drinking water inlets along the Campine Canals, Belgium

# data[].attributes.body
The study highlights the increasing risk of saltwater intrusion into the Albert Canal, a crucial surface water source for drinking water in the Campine Canals region of Belgium. Climate change is expected to exacerbate this issue, with saltwater intrusion predicted to occur more frequently by 2050 and 2100, potentially surpassing safe chloride concentration levels for drinking water.

The findings emphasize the need for a shift in canal management practices. A more holistic approach is required, prioritizing water quality and addressing climate trends, rather than focusing solely on inland navigation. Proactive strategies should be implemented to mitigate the future risks of saltwater intrusion, ensuring the sustainability of water resources(Bertels et. al., 2022)

# data[].attributes.body
A moral theory called consequentialist theory judges whether an action is right or wrong using its impacts or outcomes. Stated differently, the ethical importance of an action is decided by its outcome. Utilitarianism, the most well-known example of consequentialism, believes that the best course of action is one that enhances total satisfaction or well-being.
Opposite to consequentialism, deontological ethics assesses actions according to their compliance with assignments or the law, regardless of outcome. Consequentialism holds that the procedures are justified by the outcome as long as it produces the most benefit or the least amount of damage.
The consequentialist theory highlights that decisions should be made based on the results of those decisions, which has direct relevance to research on water resources and climate change. In order to ensure that actions taken today result in the most beneficial outcomes for future environmental sustainability, both studies show how the potential consequences of climate change, such as increased salt concentrations in soil and water bodies, highlight the urgent need for proactive measures to mitigate negative impacts (Shaw et. al., 2020).

# data[].attributes.wish_content.attachment_props.alternative_text
CONSEQUENTIALIST THEORY salt water basin

# data[].attributes.body
In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly established the Sustainable Development Goals. Among them, the 13th Goal-"Act now to combat climate change and its impacts"-derives from the desperate need to avert the worst scenarios that climate scientists have predicted. The International Energy Agency, for instance, notes that if energy-related CO2 emissions continue to rise, we are on a path toward a 6C temperature increase. WMO (World Meteorological Organization) noted in its 2018 report on the state of the climate that "a 4C increase above the figures for the pre-industrial period would represent a death sentence for many ecosystems and would drive the disappearance of glaciers and ice sheets."

Target 13.1 aims to make the world more resilient to climate-induced disasters. The resilience I mentioned means the capacity of countries and communities to recover from the climate-related disasters we call "natural disasters." Being resilient means that you can recover from something and, in some cases, even bounce back to where you were before the disaster. Resilience is a strategy to not only avoid danger but also to deal with the impacts of danger when it happens. One way we measure whether countries and communities are resilient is by counting the number of people who die or go missing when these disasters occur. We also measure the number of people who are affected by the disasters and the level of impact those disasters have.

Target 13.3 has two parts. The first is about knowledge— knowledge being the basis for effective actions. The second part focuses on capacity-acting effectively and efficiently means having the necessary resources and tools at your disposal. Resolving the climate crisis requires enhancing and deploying both knowledge and capacity on a global scale. Education and what we call "learning opportunities"  play essential roles in this enhancement and deployment. Knowledge and capacity come in part through education (another term for which is "learning opportunities"). Another important subset of learning opportunities is "global citizenship education" (GCE).

That is foundational and necessary in societies around the world for allowing their members to live and work together productively.

Target 13.b addresses the least developed countries and small island developing states, which are the most vulnerable to climate change. These two groups of countries are being helped not only to develop plans for dealing with climate change but also to ensure that the vulnerable populations within these countries have a meaningful and increased role in the planning and decision-making for that implementation. The indicator for this target tracks the development by these countries of adaptation plans and the implementation of those plans.

The targets established by Sustainable Development Goal

13 (SDG 13) are difficult to meet. Even after the Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015, commitments made by many nations have, at best, been insufficient-and some countries have actually increased their greenhouse gas emissions. As a consequence, the global average temperature continues to rise; projections for the increase are now consistently at about 3 degrees Celsius (not 1.5 or 2 degrees, as we've been told to expect) by the year 2100

—a mid-point we've now crossed in that 100-year window.

And warming at this rate will we will see effects on the climate and the human population that are nothing short of disastrous. And in the face of all this, Vision 2030 tells us (sustainable development goal -13)

# data[].attributes.body
The study of business ethics is increasingly critical in our complex and interconnected world, where environmental challenges demand urgent attention. This introduction explores the profound impact of climate change on water and salt balances, drawing from diverse case studies such as the Murray-Darling Basin in Australia and the Ganges Delta in Bangladesh. These examples highlight the intricate relationship between natural resource management and the ethical decisions that influence environmental outcomes. The discussion is grounded in consequentialist theory, which underscores the significance of outcomes in ethical decision-making. Additionally, it aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDG13), emphasizing the necessity of immediate action to address climate change. This introduction lays the foundation for a comprehensive examination of the ethical considerations and strategies required to navigate the challenges posed by a changing climate.

# data[].attributes.body
The analysis of the effects of climate change on water and salt balances in different regions—the Murray-Darling Basin in Australia, the Ganges Delta in Bangladesh, and the Campine Canals in Belgium, for example—underlines the urgent need for morally and practically sound management strategies. These case studies demonstrate the severe effects of climate change, such as decreased water availability, increased salinity, and risks to agricultural productivity and water quality. To tackle these issues, consequentialist theory highlights the significance of outcomes in moral decision-making, promoting actions that maximize benefits and minimize harm. Additionally, coordinating these strategies with Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDG13) emphasizes the global imperative. The findings stress the critical role of adaptive management practices, proactive policy development, and global cooperation in fostering resilience and ensuring sustainable environmental outcomes for future generations

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Sherif, Mohsen; Abrar, Muhammad; Baig, Faisal; Kabeer, Saifudeen

Clean water and sanitation and climate actions represent two of the seventeen United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Although challenging, the two goals can be achieved by 2030 through unconventional and innovative solutions. Scientific research related to clean water and sanitation (SDG 6) and urgent actions to combat climate change and its impacts (SDG 13) will help develop new technologies to support the two goals and can bridge the gap between practitioners and academia's to achieve sustainability. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are located in an arid region. Their water and climate research activities and outcomes may provide a good contribution toward achieving the two goals. This study used text mining and bibliometric methods to analyze water and climate research contributions to achieve SDGs 6 and 13 in GCC countries. Results revealed that there is an increase in research publications after 2016 in the areas of water and climate in the GCC countries involving a longstanding international collaboration with developed countries. Research topics were focused on wastewater treatment, contamination, heavy metal, groundwater, and climate change impacts. Under SDG 6, most of the publications were research articles (77.3%), followed by reviews (11.1%), and the rest were book chapters and conference papers. For SDG 13, 75.1% of the publications are research articles, 10.9% are conference papers, and 8% are reviews. The research outcomes in the GCC countries have clearly contributed to the development of water and climate strategies and international collaborations to achieve the two goals.

Heliyon, 2023, Vol 9, Issue 3, pe14584

2405-8440

Journal Article

10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14584

See if it's available through your library.

Find your institution

Not finding what you're looking for?

Your source for trusted research content

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Gulf Cooperation Council countries' water and climate research to strengthen UN's SDGs 6 and 13.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Sherif, Mohsen; Abrar, Muhammad; Baig, Faisal; Kabeer, Saifudeen Clean water and sanitation and climate actions represent two of the seventeen United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Although challenging, the two goals can be achieved by 2030 through unconventional and innovative solutions.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.provider_name
EBSCO Information Services, Inc. | www.ebsco.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
EBSCOhost is an intuitive online research platform used by thousands of institutions and millions of users worldwide. With quality databases and search features, EBSCOhost helps researchers of all kinds find the information they need fast.