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The rule of thirds states that an image is most pleasing when its subjects or areas are arranged along, or at the intersections of, imaginary vertical or horizontal lines that divide the image into thirds. The photo becomes more balanced and the viewer interacts with it more naturally. People’s eyes tend to go to one of the intersections more naturally than to the center of the frame—using the rule of thirds works with this natural way of viewing an image, not against it.

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HERE ARE SOME QUICK TIPS FOR USING FLASH IN PHOTOGRAPHY:
1. AVOID USING FLASH IN GOOD NATURAL LIGHT. USE NATURAL LIGHT WHENEVER POSSIBLE TO AVOID HARSH SHADOWS.
2. DIFFUSE THE FLASH: USE A DIFFUSER OR BOUNCE TO SOFTEN THE FLASH LIGHT FOR A MORE NATURAL LOOK.
3. ADJUST THE FLASH INTENSITY:
CONTROL THE FLASH POWER TO AVOID OVEREXPOSED PHOTOS.
4. PAY ATTENTION TO DISTANCE:
KEEP YOUR SUBJECT AT A SUITABLE DISTANCE TO ENSURE PROPER LIGHTING.
5. PREVENT RED-EYE: USE RED-EYE REDUCTION FEATURES OR MOVE THE FLASH AWAY FROM THE EYES.
6. EXPERIMENT WITH ANGLES: TRY DIFFERENT ANGLES FOR A MORE PLEASANT AND LESS DIRECT LIGHT.

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Compositional rules                 Leading lines

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Compositional rules                 Leading lines

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Leading lines are a cornerstone of compelling photography, as they shape how viewers navigate an image and establish visual hierarchy.

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1. Too bright (overexposed):- Shutter speed: reduced speed (e.g., 1/100 s) to let in more light.- Aperture: used a larger aperture (e.g., f/2.8 or similar) to let in more light.- ISO: Increased sensitivity to light (e.g. ISO 800 or 1600).- White balance: Adjusted according to the light source, ensuring natural colors                                         2.Too dark (underexposed)- Shutter speed: increased speed (e.g., 1/800 s) so that the camera captures light for a shorter time.- Aperture: used a smaller aperture (e.g., f/11 or higher) to let in less light.- ISO: reduced light sensitivity (e.g., ISO 100) to reduce brightness.- White balance: set to suit the lighting conditions, although this does not directly affect exposure.                     3. Well-balanced (proper exposure):- Shutter speed: A moderate speed (e.g. 1/250 sec) provides the right balance for most scenes.- Aperture: A mid-range setting (e.g. f/5.6 or f/8) provides an even distribution of light.- ISO: Within ISO 400-800 for a good compromise between light and noise.- White balance: Adjusted according to the light source (daylight, ) to maintain color accuracy.

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Yellow Spring in Donegal

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Framing in Photography:              Photographing a subject against a natural or artificial backdrop, such as an arch, doorway, or even tree branches. This technique effectively draws the viewer’s eye into focus, adding layers of depth and intrigue.                         Another creative framing option is to use a mirror as part of your composition. Photographing an object reflected in a mirror creates a unique perspective and creates a sense of storytelling. The mirror acts as both a literal and figurative frame, allowing the viewer to see the subject from an unusual angle. For example, placing a person in a decorative mirror can add elegance, while a modern or minimalist mirror offers a contemporary touch.

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Compositional rules                 Framing

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Compositional rules                 Framing

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Realism in food photography is about creating authentic and visually appealing images that capture the natural beauty and appeal of food.            1. Lighting:- Natural, soft lighting, such as light from a window, to enhance the colors and textures of the food.              2. Simplicity in style:- Minimal styling, allowing the food itself to take center stage.                                                          3. Realistic colors:- Proper white balance settings to maintain the natural hues of the ingredients, so that greens, reds, and other colors remain vibrant but not oversaturated.                                  4. Texture lighting:- Angles and lighting that emphasize textures. Side or backlighting works wonders for this purpose.     5. Natural context:- Food in a comfortable context, such as on a wooden table or stove, alongside fresh ingredients and utensils.            6. Perspective:- Angles that reflect how people naturally look at food, such as a 45-degree angle or overhead shots for flat images.

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A photoshoot on a sunny day using an iPhone:

1. Lighting considerations: On a sunny day, the lighting was too bright, so it was important for me to find balance. We took advantage of the evening hours (the "golden hour") when the light is softer and warmer. If the shoot had taken place at midday, it would have been necessary to look for shade or use reflectors to avoid harsh shadows on the face.

2. Shooting modes:

- Portrait mode: This is ideal for photographing the model. It creates a beautiful background blur effect, highlighting the subject.

- HDR mode: I activated this mode to capture more details in both the light and dark areas of the frame.

- Live Photo: As I wanted to capture more natural moments, I utilised this mode.

3. Technical details:

- Exposure: I tapped the screen to lock focus and manually adjusted the exposure, reducing brightness to avoid overexposure.

- Stabilisation: To prevent blurry shots, I used a stabiliser.

- Model positioning: I paid attention to the composition of the frame—Ukrainian national festive attire looks especially stunning against the backdrop of Irish nature and architecture.

Photography always carries a touch of magic!

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Shutter speed controls how long light hits the camera sensor, crucial for capturing motion. Here's a summary:

1. 1/8000s - 1/4000s: Freezes ultra-fast motion (e.g. water splashes, sports). Needs good light or high ISO.

2. 1/1000s - 1/250s: Perfect for moving objects like cars or running people. Balances clarity and motion.

3. 1/60s - 1/15s: Adds light motion blur, ideal for dynamic shots like rivers or cyclists.

4. 2s - 30s: Long exposures for night photography or creative effects (e.g. light trails). Use a tripod.

Interplay:

- Open aperture (e.g. f/2.8) for more light with faster shutter.

- Increase ISO (e.g. ISO 800+) in low light with faster shutter.

- Narrow aperture (e.g. f/16) or low ISO (e.g. ISO 100) for slower shutter in bright settings.

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Food photography combines aesthetics and technique, focusing on making dishes look fresh and appetizing.

Key points:

1. Lighting: I used soft, natural light during this photo shoot to emphasise textures and freshness.

2. Composition: I applied the rule of thirds in some instances, kept the background simple, and incorporated props like a vase and flowers that complemented the food for added context.

3. Angles: I selected the most suitable perspectives — arranging the food on plates and capturing side views of the dishes.

4. Depth of Field: A shallow focus (e.g. f/2.8) highlighted key details and vibrant ingredients.

5. Colour and Harmony: I matched the food and props with complementary colours (blue) to enhance visual appeal.