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Wild mustangs, or feral horses, inhabit a variety of landscapes in the western United States, including grasslands, prairies, and high deserts. They are also found on some eastern barrier islands and can survive in both hot, arid environments and areas with harsh winters. Wild mustangs are primarily found in the western regions of the United States and Canada. In the US, they roam freely in states like Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, and Utah. In Canada, they are found in British Columbia and Alberta.

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This Adaptation helps a horse to run, graze, and navigate varied terrain. Strong legs and hooves are crucial for a horse's survival, enabling it to move efficiently, absorb shock, and distribute weight, all of which are essential for daily activities and avoiding injuries.

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Their teeth are adapted for grazing and grinding tough grasses, with incisors for cutting and molars for grinding.

Horses rely on their teeth for survival because they are essential for breaking down their diet and ensuring proper digestion, which is crucial for overall health and well-being. Healthy teeth allow horses to graze efficiently, break down tough forage, and utilize the nutrients in their food.

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Mustangs are prey animals and rely on flight as their primary means of survival, using their speed to escape predators. Mustangs live in an environment where they are hunted by various animals, including cougars, wolves, and bears. Their ability to flee quickly is essential for avoiding capture and predation

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A long digestive tract with a cecum (blind gut) aids in digesting cellulose from grasses and other vegetation. A wild mustang's digestive system is crucial for survival because it's specialized to efficiently extract nutrients from a high-fibre, plant-based diet like grass and other roughage. This system allows them to obtain enough energy from their diet to support their active, free-roaming lifestyle.

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Can lower body temperature by up to 6 degrees and reduce body mass during harsh winter months to conserve energy. Example:

Vasodilation and Shivering: In cold weather, wild mustangs can use vasodilation (widening of blood vessels) to release heat and shivering to generate heat through muscle contractions

OR

Sweating: In hot weather, horses primarily use sweating to cool down. Sweat evaporates from the skin, absorbing heat and causing a cooling effect. A horse can lose a significant amount of sweat, up to 2-4 gallons per hour, when working hard in a hot environment.

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Horses utilize vocal adaptations primarily for survival, facilitating social communication and cooperation within the herd. Vocalizations, including neighing, nickering, and snorting, enable horses to communicate with each other, coordinating movements, expressing emotions, and responding to potential threats, thereby enhancing the group's ability to survive and avoid predators.