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NASA潮汐與月球關系圖解

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NASA潮汐與月球關系圖解

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圖文動畫解釋潮汐由地球自轉與月球公轉共同產生的自然現象

https://science.nasa.gov/moon/tides

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The Moon’s gravitational pull plays a huge role in the formation of tides. Tides are a cycle of small changes in the distribution of Earth’s oceans.

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Pi Day Activities: Elementary School

適合小學程度，透過圓周率思考計算的太空及天文科學問題。

每年3月增加一次，包括活動教案、題目、題解等。

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Robotic Space Exploration - www.jpl.nasa.gov

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就是這裡！ 歡迎分享交流！！

https://padlet.com/btck2/hokoon_primary_astroworkshop

第三方製作的資源及消息，持續分享到此 分享及討論區

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https://sites.google.com/hokoon.edu.hk/pri-workshop-astro2024/home

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Credit: Munroe, Randall. (2018, January 26). Night Sky. Xkcd. https://xkcd.com/1947/ (CC BY-NC 2.5 DEED)For explanation: 1947: Night Sky - explain xkcd. (2018). Explainxkcd.com. 聯絡：可觀天文

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https://alexander-pruss-lx.baylor.edu/cgi-bin/analemmatic/sundial.pl

Analemmatic Sundial PDF Generator 網址已更新。

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Detailed instructions for using this script are given in my Instructable for it.

For a small, paper sundial project, go here.

Enter location parameters

You must enter the width of the sundial you wish to build, enter either a zip code or latitude/longitude, and select your timezone and daylight savings option. Required options are in bold.

Source code and references

The source code for this perl script is available here. You need to get sundial.pl and zipcodes.dat, and keep them in the same directory. You will also need the PDF::Create perl package.

I used formulae from here and here.

Copyright

The script (not including PDF::Create) is copyright (c) 2011 Alexander R. Pruss, and is available under a two-clause BSD license.. Alexander R. Pruss hereby releases into the public domain any and all copyrightable visual elements in the output. Courtesy suggests, though the law may not require, that credit be given for use of the script when you use its output.

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Detailed instructions for using this script are given in
my
Instructable for it.

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不少圖書、影片等的月亮圖像都出現不附合現實的情況，可能讓人覺得創作上不用太拘泥於小細節。當然視乎場合和創作目的，毋須時時「執正」。不過理解和運用這些細節，也可透過創作，給予觀眾一些細節資訊，加強像真和投入感。

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以較真實的比例和廣闊的視角，月球軌道可以描述成受地球引力影響，與地球一同繞太陽運行的軌道。所以看我們描述那個現象，而採用那種軌道描述較合適。保持對各種模型演示有所限制的觸覺。

https://youtu.be/KBcxuM-qXec?si=tmo6cKzlj5XVyxZw

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Strategies for Empowering Non-Specialist Science Teachers

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Strategies for Empowering Non-Specialist Science Teachers

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可以參考

https://www.arkcurriculumplus.org.uk/blog/five-effective-strategies-for-empowering-non-specialist-science-teachers/

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Non-specialist science teachers face unique challenges when delivering complex scientific concepts. Ensuring these teachers have the support they need is crucial for student success.

Drawing on our extensive experience working with schools and developing the Science Mastery subject excellence programme - a fully resourced and carefully sequenced curriculum for KS3 and KS4 - we have identified five effective strategies to empower non-specialist science teachers.

1. Linked and embedded CPD

Effective CPD is more than just attending one-off workshops; it should be an ongoing, well-planned process.

Each department using Science Mastery has a dedicated Mastery lead responsible for the programme's implementation as well as the team's CPD needs. These needs are identified at the beginning of the academic year through a quick survey, allowing teachers and leaders to self-assess their requirements. The Mastery Lead then works with the school to plan CPD sessions for the year.
Top Tips:

As a department or with school leadership, identify priority areas for development.

Use department long term plans to identify when CPD sessions will be most useful (for example, to cover subject knowledge gaps in advance of certain topics being taught).

2. Co-planning

Co-planning involves regular, protected time to collaborate on upcoming units. Teachers can identify key content, understand the sequencing of lessons, and anticipate common misconceptions. This helps non-specialist teachers situate units or lessons in the bigger picture, and understand why they are teaching topics in a certain order.

The unit preparation booklets in Science Mastery facilitate this process, giving detailed guidance on lesson scope, sequence and common misconceptions. They include labelled learning objectives so teachers know which are a stretch, and which are critical for students to master before moving on.

Specific training and coaching is also provided for Mastery leads to run effective co-planning sessions.
Top Tips:

As a department or a small group, try co-planning an upcoming unit.

Consider the following prompts:

What are the most important outcomes in this unit? Where does it lead in the future?

What should students know coming into this unit?

What are students likely to find difficult? Why?

"Co-planning has been very successful and has led to better outcomes for students. The consistency and quality is far better, and the bigger picture is becoming much more apparent."
- Melissa Thorp, Skegness Academy

3. Specialist input

Leveraging the expertise of specialist teachers can significantly enhance the quality of science education. Sharing lessons and resources from subject specialists helps reduce the workload for non-specialist teachers and ensures accurate content delivery. But they may need further support.

In Science Mastery, every lesson PowerPoint contains guidance for teachers, including suggested expositions written by experienced subject specialists, helping non-specialists identify critical content and use models or examples.
Top Tips:

Encourage specialists or experienced teachers in your department to annotate shared resources with key points, questions, and potential misconceptions.

Ensure that all shared materials include answers and explanations to build confidence among non-specialist teachers.

4. Practical skill development

Science education is unique in its emphasis on practical skills across biology, chemistry, and physics. Breaking these skills into manageable components helps teachers deliver effective practical lessons.

In Science Mastery, practical skills are broken down and explicitly taught. For example, drawing a graph is divided into components that include, identify the variables, choose a suitable scale, draw a line of best fit, etc. This helps non-specialists know where to start when teaching the composite skill.

The skills are mapped across the 5-year curriculum, so that each skill is encountered at least three times, and where possible across biology, chemistry and physics, so students meet them in different contexts. Where needed, some skills have a whole dedicated lesson (e.g. variables). There are also 25 Maths in Science lessons, planned to fit in when students need to use that particular mathematic skill, for example probability comes up before students do genetics.
Top Tips:

Break practical skills into components.

Map these over time so they are revisited and embedded where appropriate.

5. Explicit exam technique

Using resources to explicitly develop exam technique can support non-specialists to understand how knowledge and skills are assessed.

In Science Mastery, this is relevant for KS4 only: KS3 focuses on understanding and application to build a strong foundation for KS4. Each KS4 lesson has scaffolded worksheets with three sections, to get students used to the ramping of demand and AO1/2/3 exam style questions. There are also have exam technique worksheets, including questions that require students to apply mark schemes.
Top Tips:

Give non-specialist teachers time and exposure to exam questions.

Involve non-specialist teachers in moderation before teaching, so the common mistakes are fresh in their mind.

Conclusion
By planning CPD well, engaging in co-planning, leveraging specialists to develop resources, breaking down practical skills, and explicitly focusing on exam technique, schools can dramatically reduce the workload for non-specialist science teachers and empower them to deliver high-quality lessons that engage and develop students.

Explore the Science Mastery programme in our free programme preview and find out how it could support your non-specialist teachers.
Book a call to learn more

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Five Effective Strategies for Empowering Non-Specialist Science Teachers - Ark Curriculum+

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Drawing on our extensive experience working with schools and developing the Science Mastery subject excellence programme we have identified five

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Earth Orbit (with variations in millions years)

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Earth Orbit (with variations in millions years)

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https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/earth-orbit

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CK-12| 網上物理現象/實驗模擬器

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CK-12| 網上物理現象/實驗模擬器

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部分適合小學教學，中學程度較多

https://interactives.ck12.org/simulations/physics.html?referrer=simulation&simulationName=space-station&lang=en

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Discover a new way of learning Physics using Real World Simulations

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http://www.hokoon.edu.hk/ast/stargaze/c2023a3-2/

彗星會於10月12日過近地點，距離地球只有0.47AU。此後的日子就適合於本港黃昏時份觀測，到時在天晴的傍晚大家便可於西方天空找到她。

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 - 嗇色園主辦的可觀自然教育中心暨天文館，自1995年落成以後，便肩負起推行郊野研習及天文教育的重大使命。天文是一個可供無限探索的領域，莘莘學子能在廣漠深邃的宇宙空間裡遨翔馳騁，體會人與天的密切關係，對橫向的思想發展有極大幫助；在欣賞及觀測天象之餘，亦會引入其他學科常識，兼顧了縱向知識的擴大。至於涵蓋了生物及地理科郊野研習的自然教育，則關乎人與環境的一種學問，使學生們掌握生存的命脈和萬物變化的規律，從而瞭解到人與地怎樣和諧共處，締造美好生活。天文與自然教育，融匯了天與地的知識，使學生不單對於地上萬物有一定的認識，也能同時渴求追溯宇宙的奧秘，從而達到「可觀」期望的天、地、人合一理念。這種超然嶄新的思維，使學生得到教科以外的知識之餘，亦擴闊了他們學習的領域與層面，無論在多元智能的培育及高階思維的訓練上，均達到非常理想的果效。

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2023年初被天文學家發現的紫金山-阿特拉斯彗星 (Tsuchinshan-ATLAS)編號C/2023 A3 ，由中國科學院紫金山天文台及南非天文台的ATLAS望遠鏡共同發現。

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期間限定「迷你月球」？小行星被地球引力短暫捕獲 專家指肉眼未能觀測到

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期間限定「迷你月球」？小行星被地球引力短暫捕獲 專家指肉眼未能觀測到

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天文學家發現，近日多了一個「迷你月球」，這個「月球」其實是一顆巴士般大的小行星，途經時被地球引力捕獲，但好快會離開。

https://news.tvb.com/tc/local/66fa855c3c6bebfd63c81228

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期間限定「迷你月球」被地球引力捕獲 專家指肉眼未能觀測到 | 無綫新聞TVB News

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天文學家發現，近日多了一個「迷你月球」，這個「月球」其實是一顆巴士般大的小行星，途經時被地球引力捕獲，但好快會離開。「迷你月球」正在距離地球約450萬公里，以大約每…

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https://www.facebook.com/share/p/CGX5MMbbFAayfD6y/

天文面面觀（Big Ideas in Astronomy）：人人必備的天文學知識。作為地球生命的一員，這些天文知識不可不知！中文版現已發布

https://astro4edu.org/media/bigideas_images/BigIdeas_V2.0_ZH_Hant.pdf

That was in Chinese in traditional characters, one of the latest languages that Big Ideas in Astronomy is available in. Thanks to Sarah Wang for translating and to the OAE Center India for preparing the booklet for publication

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Log into Facebook to start sharing and connecting with your friends, family, and people you know.

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「小學科學戶外學習教師專業培訓系列」 

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「小學科學戶外學習教師專業培訓系列」 

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教育局 全新 的 「小學科學戶外學習教師專業培訓系列」 課程：

CSD020250262 : 天文工作坊（新辦）（6小時）
CSD020250263 : 參觀天文公園（新辦）（4小時）

此 互動分享及討論區 及 工作坊資源網頁 亦會持續開放予教師使用。

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https://astro4edu.org/oae-reviews/teaching-methods

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About

This review is devoted to analyzing teaching methods, practices and different perspectives that can encourage students' engagement and the understanding of Astronomy, Astrophysics and in general STEM disciplines and their methods.

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The IAU Office of Astronomy for Education is the IAU's office focussed on primary and secondary education.

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https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/2863:_Space_Typography

這是利用打字表示

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This is another one of Randall's Tips, this time a space tip, the first of two in a row, the second being 2864: Compact Graphs with a design tip.

Randall has created a sentence with the property wherein, when printed in Times New Roman font, the distances of the "i" letters from the first letter are proportional to the radii of the orbits of the innermost five planets in the Solar System. These are the only letters in the sentence that have a dot over the letter (there are no "j"s in the sentence) or elsewhere (there are no periods, colons, semicolons, or other dot-containing symbols). He suggests that if you get lost traveling among these planets, you can use the dots as a map.

This won't actually be a very useful map. When traveling between planets, it's not enough to know where the planet's orbit is, you also need to know where it is along the orbit. Additionally, if you are truly lost then you likely do not know where you actually are, and which 'way' you are heading, though you can probably at least locate the sun if you are indeed within our inner solar system.

The sentence is self-referential, since it talks about using typography to measure distances in space, and this makes it a useful mnemonic. The "optimistic" in the sentence could indicate that the aliens in question are highly optimistic that this kind of "map" would be useful for navigating a star system where planets orbit in ellipses, rather than being in static positions along a line (as is so often depicted in line-ups of the Solar System's planets).

The title text appends the sentence with a section for identifying Saturn. It contains an ellipsis in brackets, which normally signifies that an indeterminate number of 'e's has been omitted from the sentence, seemingly to represent Saturn's large orbital radius as the next "i" in "is". The trick is that actually appending the sentence literally, brackets and all, after the original sentence (so that we get "Optimistic aliens measure space typographically. And over heeee[...]eeeere (i)s Saturn.") actually puts the dot on the last "i" at Saturn's orbit. The extra dots and periods beside the six 'i's only serve as punctuation and spacing; the parentheses, besides spacing, call attention to the 'i' in the title text, where the black emphasis of the comic is not available. They're also reminiscent of Saturn's rings, although they are much too large and off-center.

Similar sentences with varying numbers of "e"s could be used to continue out to any planet or other body which does not contain the letter "i" - which is all of the remaining planets and minor planets, with the exception of Eris. However, the strings of "e"s would get longer and longer, to the point that it might be necessary to write down how many of them are to be used - about 59 "e"s for Saturn, starting from the Sun - which negates any mnemonic value the sentence may have had and might as well just be replaced with a table of orbital ephemerides.

Measuring the distances based on the provided image results in these approximate distances:

Saturn is 9.54 astronomical units from the sun, for which 13 middle 'e's would be required in "here" to make the title text work.

The picture also contains a standard representation of Times New Roman, with no changes to kerning or tracking.

Continuing the idea would look like this:

"Optimistic aliens measure space typographically. And over heeeeeeeeeeeeere (i)s Saturn. And over heeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeere is Uranus. And over heeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeere is Neptune."

[A grayed-out sentence in the Times New Roman font reads "Optimistic aliens measure space typographically". The "O" in "Optimistic" is dark black and indicated as representing the Sun (not to scale). The dots of the letters "i" in the sentence are similarly dark black. The dot in the first "i" in "Optimistic" is indicated as representing Mercury; the dot in the second "i" represents Venus; the dot in the third "i" represents Earth. The dot in the "i" in "aliens" is indicated as representing Mars. The dot in the "i" in "typographically" is indicated as representing Jupiter. A measurement bar indicates that the distance between the "O" and the third "i" in "Optimistic" (representing Earth) is equivalent to 1 AU (astronomical unit).]

[Caption below the panel:]

Space tip: if you're ever lost in the inner Solar System, you can just type out the phrase "Optimistic aliens measure space typographically" in Times New Roman and use the dots as a map.

Are the dot's actually roughly in line with the distances?

172.71.135.78 21:31, 4 December 2023 (UTC)

Yes they are. I eyeballed with a screenruler and calculated

0.40 AU for Mercury (Should be 0.37)

0.72 AU for Venus (0.72)

1 AU for earth (reference)

1.54 AU for Mars (1.52)

5.24 AU for Jupiter (4.98)

162.158.202.94 21:48, 4 December 2023 (UTC)

But what size font? Danger Kitty ( talk)

129 trillion pt, give or take. 141.101.105.109 23:02, 4 December 2023 (UTC)

Thanks for the decimal-point check. This is my worksheet: Image (open in new tab) PRR (talk) 02:13, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

The number of "e"s between h and r required to make Saturn line up is about 59 (tested using 27.2 pt font) Digin ( talk) 22:17, 4 December 2023 (UTC)

There are currently three different figures in the explanation for how many "e"s are needed. One says the title text is correct as written, brackets and ellipsis and all. One says 59. One says 85. They can't all be right. LtPowers (talk) 13:22, 5 December 2023 (UTC)
"They can't all be right." Well, they can, if they don't correspond to the same thing. Are we using the font size from the comic, or from the hover text? Rexon Mobile (talk) 15:39, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

I think the [...] has to be condensing what should be a longer title text. If is was "correct as written", that's an extra 3 dots that don't correspond to planets or anything in that region of space. So unless someone can find some objects in that part of space, I think "correct as written" should be vetoed. Also, can't use periods, colons, or semicolons -- would need to separate the main sentence from the title text addition using perhaps a dash or a comma (as long as a comma isn't as comet). -boB (talk) 17:22, 5 December 2023 (UTC)
The sentence is using only the dots that are part of 'i's. Although the comic's text refers to "dots" without specifying that restriction, we don't have to assume that 'j's and punctuation must also correspond to solar system bodies. BunsenH (talk) 20:06, 5 December 2023 (UTC)
Who says only the dots over the i's are to be considered? The comic certainly doesn't specify that... it just says "use the dots as a map". Someone early on in the explanation made the assumption that only the dots on letters (i and j) could, but I don't believe that's a valid assumption. The fact that Randall doesn't end the sentence with a dot implies he knows that dot would count, so he didn't include it, though admittedly he did include a period on the title text. -boB (talk) 16:48, 6 December 2023 (UTC)
Sorry, the i dots are clearly all that are to be considered. Besides the obvious, they're not in line with the other dots (I would consider the possibility of a j counting, I think i dots and j dots share a name?). Those dots don't count, they aren't officially there. Are you not familiar with this? In literary works such as articles and university papers, if you quote something but want to trim parts in the middle which are irrelevant to why you're quoting it, in order to make it shorter, it would be inaccurate and a lie to do so, you'd be misrepresenting the original text, so you have to communicate that you snipped some stuff. You do that with an ellipsis in square brackets, "[...]" (with the square brackets helping make it clear this is not part of the original quote). Here it shows that Randall has left out some Es for brevity/space. "[...]" being the universal sign for "I left something out" being surrounded by E indicates clearly that Randall has left out some Es, we aren't seeing the full count. Which means to be an accurate distance, the ellipsis must be swapped out with the original Es, the ellipsis isn't there when measuring (and besides, if you try to count them, they have no planets assigned to them). NiceGuy1 (talk) 06:11, 9 December 2023 (UTC)
"I think i dots and j dots share a name?" : That'd probably be Tittle 172.70.85.216 19:05, 9 December 2023 (UTC)

Why do you say that "the i dots [...] clearly [are] all that are to be considered"? Is it just because that's all that Randall included in the comic? If he had included j's or periods or colons or other characters that include dots, would you still be saying that? A dot is a dot, and dots are what he's talking about. I don't see why any dot from whatever characters could appear would not equally meet the criteria of using the dots as as a map. As for the ellipsis, I was making the same argument you are, that it's being used in the sense of omitting characters rather than being used verbatim, as that would require the three dots represent planets or other heavenly bodies. -boB (talk) 14:27, 13 December 2023 (UTC)

I'm curious whether randall brute forced this, trained a neural network, or did it by hand. 172.70.175.179 22:31, 4 December 2023 (UTC)

He would probably answer: 2173: Trained a Neural Net 172.70.42.217 22:45, 4 December 2023 (UTC)

Trying to prep an image of a comparison between actual orbits and the comic, but it's taking longer than i'd like 23:20, 4 December 2023 (UTC)

I assume brackets around (i) are for the Saturn's rings? 162.158.102.71 23:26, 4 December 2023 (UTC)

Ooh, good call. Put that in. LtPowers (talk) 13:22, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

I assumed it was just a way to emphasize the i. In the comic, they are bolded, but that is not possible in title text. - 172.68.27.133 22:28, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

The long, rambling diatribe about literature seemed odd at first, but I think Charlotte Brontë would be proud she was able to represent Pluto and Charon. 172.69.247.56 04:07, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

I don't understand. What's this about Charlotte Brontë? I don't see any reference to her in this comic. 162.158.155.112 20:17, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

It's a joke about umlauts. 172.69.247.48 06:37, 6 December 2023 (UTC)

For what it's worth, the asteroid belt spans the area covered by the word "measure" 172.71.222.152 14:10, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

It would be nice if the word gaps were aligned that way, but there is no obvious alignment with either the edges of the asteroid belt, or the location of the Kirkwood gaps. The asteroid belt would stretch from the middle of the M in "measure" to the P in "space", with the most prominent Kirkwood gaps corresponding roughly to the letters A, R and E. Rexon Mobile (talk) 15:33, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

If he really wanted to represent the asteroids, I think he might have found a way to include a word like "riiii[...]iiight" so there would be lots of dots. Barmar (talk) 15:51, 5 December 2023 (UTC)
So asteroids are mostly between the As in "measure" and "space". Neat. --172.71.114.63 19:18, 6 December 2023 (UTC)

I added the table with the count of 'e's and adjusted the wording where it said 85 'e's from the Sun to say an extra 13 'e's in the word "here". I worked this out using an image from Wikipedia ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System#/media/File:Solar_System_distance_to_scale.svg) in PowerPoint but don't have upload privileges to post. Would be nice if someone could do that. Denver87 ( talk) 15:30, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

Amazingly (assuming my math was right so please someone check) the sun to scale would be very close to the size of the actual dots used to represents the planets. (Planets wouldn't be visible.)

I don't see why the mnemonic for the order of the planets would be relevant to this comic. Should it be removed? Rexon Mobile ( talk) 17:40, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

Absolutely. No relevance to the comic. removed 18:18, 5 December 2023 (UTC)
I put it in because it was another mnemonic about the solar system. [*shrug*] BunsenH (talk) 19:59, 5 December 2023 (UTC)

what?! it should at least be mentioned. this comic wouldn't exist in a world without well-known solar system mnemonics :D

Lordpipe (talk) 10:35, 6 December 2023 (UTC)
Maybe in a "Trivia" section? BunsenH (talk) 16:53, 7 December 2023 (UTC)

The mnemonic scans as "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious", with the one hiccup that the emph asis lands on the second syl lable of mea sure. -- NotaBene ( talk) 22:46, 6 December 2023 (UTC)

I'm so glad "dark black" is specified in the description, lest anyone get confused by looking for light black instead. 172.70.127.16 03:41, 7 December 2023 (UTC)

Lots of people get lost in the inner solar system. That is, they get lost on Earth, and Earth is in the inner solar system. Yet I don't think this mnemonic would help them much. -- 172.70.178.187 07:47, 7 December 2023 (UTC)

I can't find it anywhere here, but there is now an official what if youtube channel with (currently) two videos uploaded! Also, I think the most recent one *isn't* a duplicate of one already covered in other what if? media! (yeah i know this isnt related to the comic but this is where people will see it) 162.158.175.61 23:38, 5 December 2023 (UTC)Bumpf

No, it's been covered somewhere in one of Randall's books. But for anyone who's wondering, here's the link. https://www.youtube.com/@xkcd_whatif

If it's been covered already, i find it strange that its first upload was November 30, 2023... 00:19, 6 December 2023 (UTC)
A quick reading of the video's comment indicate that it is taken from the first book, so "the most recent one *isn't* a duplicate of one already covered in other what if? media!" is incorrect, no matter when the free access was added on Youtube. 162.158.233.107 08:35, 6 December 2023 (UTC)
Oops :) that's what the "I think" was there for 172.71.30.241 23:41, 6 December 2023 (UTC)Bumpf

We need a similar sentence for the outer planets. Jupiter is already in the first one, so it will provide a link connecting the two scales. 172.69.214.39 17:49, 8 December 2023 (UTC)

I'm going to wait until we know where(/if) Planet X might be... 172.70.189.138 17:51, 8 December 2023 (UTC)

Here is a sentence in French that covers all 8 planets with good precision: "On intimide, irrespectueusement, chaque alien en déclarant qu'une phrase aussi bébête peut le dépanner en cas d'égarement désespéré dans le système planétaire de Mercure, Vénus, la Terre, Mars, une géante gazeuse, Saturne,Uranus et Neptune : rien ne le sauvera." Unlike Randall's, this sentence contains no 'o' other than the Sun. It was designed by French physicist Gilles Esposito-Farèse. Zetfr 19:53, 20 December 2023 (UTC)

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Explain xkcd is a wiki dedicated to explaining the webcomic xkcd. Go figure.

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https://science.nasa.gov/moon/top-moon-questions

Top Moon Questions

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What do you wonder? Some of your frequently asked Moon questions, answered.

Moon in Motion: Phases, Patterns, and More

Yes! The time it takes for the Moon to rotate once on its axis is equal to the time it takes for the Moon to orbit once around Earth. Thanks to this synchronous rotation, the same side of the Moon always faces our planet.

No. The only time Earth's shadow affects our view of the Moon is during a lunar eclipse. Generally, one half of the Moon ― the side facing the Sun ― is brightly illuminated, and one is in shadow. We use moon phases to describe the way our perspective on the half-lit Moon changes as Earth and Moon move through space over the course of a month. During a crescent moon, for example, the part of the Moon that faces Earth is mostly in shadow, and the far side of the Moon is mostly sunlit. The visible crescent is the only part of the lunar nearside that is experiencing daytime.

The Moon is always half-lit by the sun (except during a lunar eclipse). The side of the Moon facing the Sun appears bright because of reflected sunlight, and the side of the Moon facing away from the Sun is dark. Our perspective on the half-lit Moon changes as the Moon orbits Earth. When the side nearest to us is fully lit, we call this a full Moon. When the far side is fully lit and the near side is dark, we call this a new Moon. When we see other phases, we are looking at the division between lunar night (the dark part) and day (the bright part).

The Moon is shaped like an imperfect sphere. From a distance, it looks nearly round. Seen up close, the Moon's surface is a three-dimensional landscape of mountains, valleys, and craters. Explore the Moon's surface from wherever you are in this 3D map built from data captured by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). From Earth, our view of the Moon's sunlit surface changes throughout the month. Learn about crescent moons, full moons, and other moon phases here.

Origin and Nature of the Moon

The Moon is a natural satellite, or a space object that orbits around something else. Our Moon is Earth's natural satellite. In general, a moon is a natural satellite of a planet, and a planet is a special kind of natural satellite that orbits a star and also meets other conditions. Learn more: What makes a planet a planet?

Discover More Topics From NASA

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Moon in Motion: Phases, Patterns, and More Does the Moon rotate? Does the Moon spin on its axis? Yes! The time it takes for the Moon to rotate once on its axis is equal to the time it takes for the Moon to orbit once around Earth.

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工作坊將如期在2月16日舉行（星期五，初七）

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工作坊將如期在2月16日舉行（星期五，初七）

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各位老師：

工作坊參觀天文公園及郊外觀星環節，將如期在2月16日（星期五，初七）舉行。

集合時間：17:20

（敬請準時，旅遊巴須準時出發）
解散時間：21:30

集合及解散地點：坪石公共運輸交匯處，近坪石天主教小學（港鐵彩虹站A3出口）

顯示地圖

活動期間聯絡電話：59665890 （曾老師）

準備及注意事項

郊外環境入黑後會轉涼，宜準備合適外套（留意香港天文台預報該區氣溫）。

防蚊措施：建議穿著淺色長袖衫褲，可準備個人防蚊用品。

天文公園沒有飲食供應，需自備食水及小食。

天文公園設有臨時洗手間，可自備個人所需衛生用品。

如有需要，可帶備小電筒作路面照明。

個人裝備以輕便為主，導師將準備所需天文望遠鏡及雙筒望遠鏡。
（如欲攜帶手提望遠鏡、相機及腳架，宜先熟習操作及設定，否則將會相當費時並影響活動體驗）

屆時將派發收據及出席證書，宜準備一A4文件夾或公文袋攜帶。*

本活動旨在認識香港郊外天文設施、中國古天文儀器及體驗郊外觀星活動操作，可於活動前瀏覽有關資料：https://hk.space.museum/tc/web/spm/visit-and-facilities/astropark.html

https://sites.google.com/hokoon.edu.hk/pri-workshop-astro2024/Resources/facilities?authuser=0#h.5h54xwdaorgz

*如老師未能出席2月16日工作坊，請聯絡可觀中心安排收據及出席證書事宜。

多謝合作！

祝大家在龍年有個愉快的晚上！

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LRO 在月面22km高空拍攝的登月痕跡

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LRO 在月面22km高空拍攝的登月痕跡

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月球勘測軌道飛行器(Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter，LRO)曾在2011年執行過一系列特殊的軌道操作，使其在接下來的月份當中距離月面的最低高度僅約為22公里。這些操作使得LRO能夠在更高的解析度（每畫素25公分）拍攝到各個登月太空船的歷史登陸地點影像。你可以在影像中找到登月小艇殘骸、太空人的足跡、月球車的軌跡以及各種實驗設備。

文字： 臺北天文通 Facebook Page

影像來源：NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University

https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31052/

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https://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESA_Publications/ESA_Publications_Brochures/Forward_to_the_Moon_interactive_publication

This interactive publication encourages us to look up at our natural satellite and think about how the Moon has inspired us, from Ancient Greece to the 21st century, to develop our understanding of astronomy, physics and our place in the Solar System.

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As Artemis sets its sights on the Moon, powered by the European Service Module (ESM), all eyes will again turn to the night sky. This interactive publication encourages us to look up at our natural satellite and think about how the Moon has inspired us, from Ancient Greece to the 21st century, to develop our understanding of astronomy, physics and our place in the Solar System.

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Forward to the Moon: interactive publication

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As Artemis sets its sights on the Moon, powered by the European Service Module (ESM), all eyes will again turn to the night sky. This interactive publication encourages us to look up at our natural satellite and think about how the Moon has inspired us, from Ancient Greece to the 21st century, to develop our understanding of astronomy, physics and our place in the Solar System.

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https://www.facebook.com/share/p/cAWHhUfnPiM942KX/

澳門科學館的短片介紹

https://www.facebook.com/share/r/rdHz4pxdCQCXcdqd/

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https://factcheck.hkbu.edu.hk/home/2024/07/11/24061401/

隨著有關電影上映，近月無論是謠言或是電影的宣傳攻勢，都透過形形式式的「故事」營造似是而非的問題。其實都是舊話重提，認真對待的話，不難找到大量的可靠資料去認識和拆解這些謠言。

就當是一個檢視應用所學的科學知識、獨立思考和資訊素養的機會。

二十多年前太空館的FAQ也一連解釋多個相關提問：

https://web.archive.org/web/20080901071613/http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/FAQ/c_index.htm

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摘要：

一、2024年6月，網傳一則太空人登月的影片，影片中美國國旗在月球表面「飄動」，有用戶留言「美國根本完全沒有太空科技做戲可以」、「把全世界的人都騙了」，意指月球上國旗應無法飄動，從而質疑美國登月的真實性。

二、經查核，網傳影片顯示的為1972年美國阿波羅17號登月任務的片段。為了應對國旗在真空中難以飄動的情況，太空人帶上月球的美國國旗經特別設計，國旗上有一根水平橫桿，令國旗得以展開。稍加晃動後，因月球表面沒有空氣阻力，國旗不會逐漸停止，而是出現「飄動」的現象。

三、美國知名科普節目《流言終結者》（MythBusters）曾赴美國太空總署（NASA）進行對照實驗。節目工作人員製作了阿波羅登月任務中的國旗複製品，將這款特別設計的國旗放置在真空環境下時，由於缺少空氣阻力，當有外力搖動時國旗會持續晃動。當國旗被放置在普通環境下，被晃動過的國旗很快就會靜止下來。

判定結果 ：真空中旗幟不可能飄動？網傳說法質疑美國登月真實性，實際旗桿經特別設計，無空氣阻力下方能持續晃動，因此判定為錯誤。

背景

2024年6月，網傳一則太空人登月的，評論中有用戶留言「美國根本完全沒有太空科技做戲可以」、「把全世界的人都騙了」意指影片中美國國旗在真空中飄動是不合理的，質疑美國登月的真實性。

至截稿前，該帖文收到31個回應、96次分享及153個讚好或心情。

查核

浸大事實查核透過圖片反向搜索引擎，搜尋到YouTube上一段發布於2018年2月的紀錄片《》。經比對，網傳影片與YouTube影片約29:30處開始的場景一致。影片中的字幕指出，這段影片顯示的是太空人在執行阿波羅17號登月任務時將國旗插在月球。

NASA的官方社交媒體平台Tumblr帳號曾於2022年12月發布阿波羅17號任務50周年的，其中提及：「阿波羅17號太空人進行首次月球漫步時，所做的首要任務之一就是插上美國國旗。月球上沒有風，但這並不意味著國旗一定會垂下。你知道嗎，一根帶有閂鎖的水平橫桿讓旗幟看起來像是在風中飄揚？」這則文章中包括一張由阿波羅17號太空人 Eugene A. Cernan 拍攝的照片，將國旗、太空人 Schmitt 與地球拍進了同一張照片。

另外，NASA官網可以發現另外一張本次任務的。這些照片中都可見國旗右側被綁在黃色旗桿上，國旗上沿由一根水平橫桿支撐。

相似的旗幟設計也出現在阿波羅計劃先前的任務中。透過關鍵詞，可搜尋到美國國家航空暨太空總署（NASA）官網的一份承辦商報告《 旗幟從未去過的地方：將國旗插上月球的政治和技術問題 》。該報告指出，1969年7月在人類首次登陸月球的阿波羅11號任務中，「為了彌補月球表面缺乏大氣層的情況，旗幟組件包括一個水平橫桿，給人一種旗幟在風中飄揚的錯覺」，報告中還附有國旗的設計草圖和實物圖，可推斷之後的阿波羅17號計劃也採取相似的設計。

美國的知名科普電視節目《流言終結者》（MythBusters）曾來到NASA進行對照實驗（見和）。節目組工作人員製作了一款阿波羅登月任務中國旗的複製品，隨後分別放置在普通環境和真空環境下驗證國旗的擺動幅度。實驗發現，將這款特別設計的國旗放置在真空環境下時，由於少了空氣阻力摩擦，當有外力搖動時會發生持續的晃動。當放置在普通環境下，外力搖動停止時，國旗很快就會靜止。

結論

真空中旗幟不可能飄動？網傳說法質疑美國登月真實性，實際旗桿經特別設計，無空氣阻力下方能持續晃動。

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真空中旗幟不可能飄動？網傳說法質疑美國登月真實性，實際旗桿經特別設計，無空氣阻力下方能持續晃動

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摘要： 一、2024年6月，網傳一則太空人登月的影片，影片中美國國旗在月球表面「飄動」，有用戶留言「美國根本完全沒有太空科技做戲可以」、「把全世界的人都騙了」，意指月球上國旗應無法飄動，從而質疑美國登月的真實性。 ...

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https://hk.space.museum/tc/web/spm/activities/outreach-programme.html

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香港太空館推出到校外展活動，包括「講座及示範」及「流動天象廳」，對象為本地小學四至六年級學生。活動內容包括天文學、太空科學及天文觀測，學生可以學習到不同太空任務中的科技應用，並了解人類飛往太空時遇到的困難與挑戰，或於模擬星空下加深對星空的認識，體驗天文觀測的樂趣。

學校可以於本網頁下載申請表，並選擇一個或多個日期進行預約。經抽籤後，香港太空館的外展團隊會與中籤學校落實活動細節，並到訪學校進行活動。

2024年10月3日、8日、17日、22日、31日
2024年11月5日、14日、19日、28日
2024年12月3日、12日、17日
2025年1月7日、16日、21日

活動時間：下午，活動時間約一至兩小時（學校須在活動前預留額外一小時以供太空館外展團隊進行準備工作）
地點：香港各區小學校內
語言：粵語
費用：免費

講座及示範
學校可從「太空人多面睇」、「火箭101」及「大宇宙．小任務」中選擇一個題目，內容分別介紹太空人的生活、火箭技術的特點及探索太陽系的科學知識，過程中會運用STEM教材進行科學示範，並讓學生完成習作。

人數：不設限 (視乎學校提供場地的可容納人數)

由於太空的環境特殊，太空人須要透過特製的太空衣及各種工具，才能在微重力狀態下順利工作。同學將會學習到太空衣的構造及功能，並認識在太空中的生活方法。

若要離開地球進入太空，就須靠火箭的推動力以抵抗地球的引力。同學會學習到火箭不同部分的構造、功能及限制，並了解火箭軌道背後的科學和前往太空所遇到的困難等等。

（三）大宇宙．小任務

同學可在活動中學習太陽系各大行星的主要特色，並具體認識各行星大小、位置和距離，並透過示範認識科學家如何利用科技探索太空。

流動天象廳
流動天象廳是一個直徑7米的半球形充氣帳幕，在帳幕內設有星空投影機及電腦，可模擬出世界各地的星空。香港太空館的外展團隊可於校內設置流動天象廳，以四季星空為主題，讓學生欣賞美麗的星空及學習相關的天文知識。

學校須提供禮堂或大型活動室等空間寬闊的場地容納流動天象廳。

申請辦法：即日開始接受報名，學校可申請多個活動日，但不可重覆申請同一個活動日。

抽籤方法：太空館會為每個活動日單獨進行電腦抽籤，成功中籤學校的負責老師將於抽籤日後兩個工作天內接獲通知。每間學校於每學年只可參加一次。

如有查詢，歡迎致電 2734 2765 或電郵至 acosrc@lcsd.gov.hk 與香港太空館職員聯絡。

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到校外展活動 | 香港太空館

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香港太空館推出到校外展活動，包括「講座及示範」及「流動天象廳」，對象為本地小學四至六年級學生。活動內容包括天文學、太空科學及天文觀測，學生可以學習到不同太空任務中的科技應用，並了解人類飛往太空時遇到的困難與挑戰，或於模擬星空下加深對星空的認識，體驗天文觀測的樂趣。 ...

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https://www.instagram.com/reel/C9AbF4xNIXM/

是日地球通過公轉軌道的遠日點，是全年距離太陽最遠的時候，因此看上去也是最小的時候。

由於遠日點和近日點各自與平均距離相差只有約±1.5%，對接受陽光的影響遠少於同一地方/緯度一年間陽光照射的角度和時間變化帶來的影響，不會造成季節變化。

Ref. to https://sites.google.com/hokoon.edu.hk/pri-workshop-astro2024/home/Part5-explain?authuser=0#h.c4b87u7xueuo

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ESA - European Space Agency on Instagram: "Take a moment to appreciate this cosmic dance on 5 July 2024 at 7:06 CEST - Earth’s aphelion 2024! ☀️ 🌍

📹 @europeanspaceagency
📸 ESA & @NASA /Solar Orbiter/EUI Team, @creativecommons by-SA 3.0 IGO"

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1,782 likes, 5 comments - europeanspaceagency on July 4, 2024: "Take a moment to appreciate this cosmic dance on 5 July 2024 at 7:06 CEST - Earth’s aphelion 2024! ☀️ 🌍

📹 @europeanspaceagency
📸 ESA & @NASA /Solar Orbiter/EUI Team, @creativecommons by-SA 3.0 IGO". 

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View this post on Instagram

A post shared by ESA - European Space Agency (@europeanspaceagency)

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https://www.facebook.com/hokoon.astro/posts/pfbid0amjdpUA9WfYHpFYiaY8Uq4b6TySYZVUjqTndNJoQ3feNZEEgQxKBDcGzN2ZP7ub6l

完整查核報告︰factchecklab.org/20240531

兩組對比圖片中，左邊被指為NASA拍攝的照片色調較暖，右邊被指為德文島的照片則較冷。

透過Google逆向搜尋左邊圖片，均可於NASA網站找到標記於火星拍攝的原圖，介紹指分別於1976及2014年由維京2號及好奇號拍攝。跟對比圖片中的照片相比，原圖顯示較多畫面，比例略有分別，但石頭分佈等細節相同。

使用Google或TinEye逆向搜尋對比圖片右邊部分，均未見任何顯示照片拍攝於德文島的證據。

NASA網站上亦有圖片顯示同一張火星照片三個色調的版本，說明指出使用數據校正色調，可用作推測肉眼在火星上可見到的顏色，而使用白平衡校正則會顯示在類似地球的光線下所見到的色調。不同色調的照片不足以證明有關照片並非在火星上拍攝。

過往網上亦流傳其他對比圖片，錯誤宣稱NASA的火星照片在德文島拍攝，惟經Factcheck Lab查證有關照片均由NASA在火星拍攝。

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
【俾佢抖下啦！】人類總是……
同類的謠言又出現……
#火星 不是地球/人類的。詳見留言連結

#人類總是重複相同的錯誤
#周末俾人抖下啦
#地球很危險 #快啲返火星啦
#Factcheck叻 #Factchecklab
之前我們都分享過

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https://www.facebook.com/astro4edu/posts/pfbid0AMiYwSdERxBNiLJBCXE36zz6ishTAYXoGvd5b8QB5bUpf8Q2Lx3cedKagiQkowbNl夏元至時太陽將達到最高赤緯，從而達到天空的最北點。因此，今天是北半球的夏至和南半球的冬至。此影像顯示了太陽在至日（頂部和底部）和春分（中心）時在天空中的路徑。

Tunç Tezel/IAU OAE (CC BY 4.0)

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Today at 20:51 UT the Sun will reach its highest declination and thus the northernmost point in the sky. As a result, today is the day of the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere and of the...

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到了日本當然要尋找中國古天文

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到了日本當然要尋找中國古天文

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奈良縣的飛鳥地區是日本古都之一，其中的龜虎古墳更藏有珍貴的中國古星圖。想知多一點，下次去日本深度遊的話，就千萬不要錯過這段短片～

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GESXvc8LMnQ

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奈良攻略～龜虎古墳深度遊 (中字/Eng sub) | 到了日本當然要尋找中國古天文

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Introduction to The Guidelines for the Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities (LTS Guidelines)

# data[].attributes.subject
Introduction to The Guidelines for the Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities (LTS Guidelines)

# data[].attributes.body
This module provides an overview of the LTS Guidelines adopted by the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS).

Available in: English

Duration: 60 min.

https://elearningunodc.org/course/view.php?id=634

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
unodc elearning online learning drug control crime prevention criminal justice capacity building interactive learning expert guidance comprehensive elearning innovative solutions

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it is more important to teach the process of science.

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it is more important to teach the process of science.

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https://www.facebook.com/share/2yk3m7VLwpFtFrYh/

While current science curricula often focus on factual knowledge content, I argue that it is more important to teach the process of science. Training should include mastering methods such as building theoretical models, constructing experiments, taking data, revising models based on data, and communicating results. Students should acquire the ability to solve problems by studying examples of previous work. In the process, they should develop free, bold, independent, and creative thinking. They should be able to make rational judgments and rise above the ignorance and prejudice that are prevalent in society.

Prof. Kwok, Sun

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While current science curricula often focus on factual knowledge content, I argue that it is more important to teach the process of science. Training should include mastering methods such as...

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【最新消息】嫦娥六號成功著陸月球遠端

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【最新消息】嫦娥六號成功著陸月球遠端

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【最新消息】#嫦娥六號 6月2日清晨6時多成功著陸月球遠端。即將展開探索及採樣任務。

https://www.facebook.com/hokoon.astro/posts/pfbid0GzzqrdnCNghzRETLMtv2Zzf3JmmqfBmhRM35QHN5aijKrUEDEdhHyZuhsnJ6Fainl

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
【最新消息】#嫦娥六號 今晨約六時多成功著陸月球遠端。即將展開探索及採樣任務。

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行星連珠infograph：“行星巡遊”

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行星連珠infograph：“行星巡遊”

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[連環圖]行星連珠：“行星巡遊”

https://starwalk.space/zh-Hant/infographics/planetary-alignment

什麽是行星連珠？我們為您准備了簡單的圖片說明！行星連珠是指行星在天空中連成一線的事件。好消息是：這種事件並不少見。2024年您將能夠看到下一次行星連珠！

[文章]2024年行星連珠：它是什麽？

https://starwalk.space/zh-Hant/news/what-is-planet-parade

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卡通版：從亞裏士多德到哈勃：天文學史的迷人旅程

https://starwalk.space/zh-Hant/infographics/fun-astronomy

"無論是情感豐富的亞裏士多德發現到地球是一個球體，還是可愛拿著望遠鏡的伽利略，每個角色都是獨一無二的，將幫助您記住塑造我們對宇宙理解的關鍵時刻。"

人像版：天文學簡史

https://starwalk.space/zh-Hant/infographics/astronomy-history

"對太空理解的關鍵發現。天文學的曆史非常戲劇性：繁榮時期之後是幾個世紀的停滯；誤解根深蒂固，創新想法沒有得到認真對待。 讓我們仔細看看這個令人著迷的曆史過程，看看幾個世紀以來人類對宇宙的知識是如何擴展的。"

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曆史不一定是無聊的！尤其是天文學的曆史，充滿了關于宇宙本質的令人難以置信的發現。這正是我們在創建這個彩色信息圖時所想到的，該信息圖以有趣且引人入勝的方式列出了天文學史上的主要裏程碑。我們幽默的插圖將曆史人物轉變為有趣、令人難忘的角色。無論是情感豐富的亞裏士多德發現到地球是一個球體，還是可愛拿著望遠鏡的伽利略，每個角色都是獨一無二的，將幫助您記住塑造我們對宇宙理解的關鍵時刻。

請隨意與您的朋友和其他太空愛好者分享此信息圖！您還可以通過關注 我們的Instagram帳戶 了解有關宇宙的更多信息。歡迎來到天文學的世界，在這裏學習新事物很有趣！

附： 我們以完全不同的風格創建了此信息圖的另一個版本， 單擊此處 來查看它！

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從亞裏士多德到哈勃：天文學史的迷人旅程

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
學習曆史可以很有趣！通過令人難忘的卡通插圖了解天文學史上的偉大發現和關鍵人物。

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CPD小學資訊素養教育 ─ 常識科（進階程度）（網上自學課程）

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CPD小學資訊素養教育 ─ 常識科（進階程度）（網上自學課程）

# data[].attributes.body
https://tcs.edb.gov.hk/tcs/admin/courses/previewCourse/forPortal.htm?courseId=EI0020240361&lang=zh

小學資訊素養教育 ─ 常識科（進階程度）（網上自學課程）

活動目標

本課程旨在加強教師透過常識科推行資訊素養教育的能力。

活動詳情

1. 介紹《香港學生資訊素養》學習架構 (2024)；
2. 如何透過常識科課程中的資訊素養元素推廣校本資訊素養教育；
3. 教師經驗分享資訊素養於常識科的實踐；及
4. 介紹於常識科推廣資訊素養教育的相關支援服務及資源。

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1. 教師必須經培訓行事曆系統報名，才能進入課程。
2. 校長請於 截止提名日期或之前審批課程報名申請。我們會按推薦的優先次序及遞交申請的次序處理申請。
3. 此網上課程寄存於Google Classroom，參加者須以有效的個人Gmail帳戶才能登入本課程。請注意，本組不接受以學校為網域之Gmail帳戶。
4. 一般情況下，申請結果會於 開課前三天透過培訓行事曆系統發放。
5. 參加者須按課程指示觀看影片及回答所有問題。回答問題時，須提供其電子化服務入門網站的用戶名稱，並於舉行日期內成績達50%或以上，方視作完成課程。
6. 教育局會透過電郵聯絡參加者，建議參加者將培訓行事曆系統登記的電郵地址更新為最常用的電郵地址。

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Training Calendar System - Activity List

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1. 教師必須經培訓行事曆系統報名，才能進入課程。 2. 校長請於 截止提名日期或之前審批課程報名申請。我們會按推薦的優先次序及遞交申請的次序處理申請。 3. 此網上課程寄存於Google Classroom，參加者須以有效的個人Gmail帳戶才能登入本課程。請注意，本組不接受以學校為網域之Gmail帳戶。 4. 一般情況下，申請結果會於 開課前三天透過培訓行事曆系統發放。 5. 參加者須按課程指示觀看影片及回答所有問題。回答問題時，須提供其電子化服務入門網站的用戶名稱，並於舉行日期內成績達50%或以上，方視作完成課程。 6. 教育局會透過電郵聯絡參加者，建議參加者將培訓行事曆系統登記的電郵地址更新為最常用的電郵地址。

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分析星座跟生活滿意度，發現基本上毫無關係

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分析星座跟生活滿意度，發現基本上毫無關係

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一位韓國心理學教授分析了2016-2022共12000人的美國問卷General Social Survey，分析星座跟生活滿意度之間的關係。發現基本上毫無關係----星座完全無法解釋個人的生活滿意度、心理疾病、壓力、工作滿意度、健康狀況、婚姻滿意度等各種個人變數。

https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10169127536100694&set=a.10150632405965694

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/kykl.12395

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六月出現罕見的行星連線？

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六月出現罕見的行星連線？

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「雖然我已盡力引導讀者遠離這些謬論，但我仍然對有多少人將它們視為事實感到驚訝。 近年來，其中一些在網路上廣泛傳播的說法幾乎是不合常理的。 如此之多以至於你會認為在我們現代、科技發達的 21 世紀世界中，很少有人（如果有的話）會被愚弄。

但實際上——我猜是因為今天大多數人都被「如果在社群媒體上出現就一定是真的」這樣的口頭禪所驅使——令人驚訝的是，有大量的人最終被迷惑了，並相信這些促銷的表面意義。

然後，不幸的是，他們將它們廣泛傳播給家人和朋友。 …」

https://www.space.com/planet-lineup-visible-june-3-2024

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Will a ‘rare’ lineup of planets be visible to the naked eye in the night sky on June 3?

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Seeing some of these planets at all will be problematic.

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「天地之中 — 河南夏商周三代文明展」天文 x 歷史活動

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「天地之中 — 河南夏商周三代文明展」天文 x 歷史活動

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https://hk.history.museum/tc/web/mh/activities/Astronomy-x-History.html

1. 三代以上，人人皆知天文? (現場節目)

日期：18 / 5 (六)
時間：3 – 5pm

地點:香港歷史博物館地下演講廳

講者:李為君先生 (香港科學館總館長)

2. 「中華古今探穹蒼」天文公園考察活動

日期：15 / 6 (六)

時間：3 – 11pm

地點：
香港歷史博物館及西貢天文公園

名額：40人

對象：10歲或以上 (16歲以下須由成人陪同)

報名及活動詳情：請留意香港太空館網頁

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全新的「香港歷史博物館」網站現已啟用! 立即登入，飽覽博物館展覽資訊、活動資訊，以及最新消息等精彩內容！

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【極光大爆發？】預料11/5將出現G4級地磁暴

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【極光大爆發？】預料11/5將出現G4級地磁暴

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.facebook.com/hokoon.astro/posts/pfbid02xiShT2ZSvi3eZhXKE9cDs9uM14YximcVHMvHjZos5yBSqFCwrDpUQJ2RmQruwRFdl

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
【極光大爆發？】預料11/5將出現G4級地磁暴
近日太陽活躍區AR3664 的黑子群擴大至直徑是地球直徑的16 倍，使用太陽濾光鏡毋須放大經已肉眼可見。昨日更向地球發生 #太陽耀斑 及 #日冕爆發，NOAA太空天氣預報中心更自2005年(前一個 #太陽週期)來首次發出G4級地磁暴警報，預料11/5到達地球。
太陽耀斑是強大的輻射爆發，...

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2005年起首次G4地磁風暴預報

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2005年起首次G4地磁風暴預報

# data[].attributes.body
SWPC Issues Its First G4 Watch Since 2005

https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/news/swpc-issues-its-first-g4-watch-2005

「2024 年 5 月 9 日星期四，NOAA 太空天氣預報中心發布了強烈（G4）地磁風暴監視。 至少觀察到五次面向地球的日冕物質拋射 (CME)，預計最早將於 2024 年 5 月 10 日星期五中午到達，並持續到 2024 年 5 月 12 日星期日。它們與一個大型且磁性複雜的太陽黑子團（AR3664）有關，該團的直徑是地球直徑的16 倍。」

G4 WATCH IN EFFECT FOR MAY 11

https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/news/g4-watch-effect-may-11

http://www.hokoon.edu.hk/news/solar-cycle/

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/2930:_Google_Solar_Cycle

「太陽耀斑在活動頻繁時會引起人們的興趣和「新聞」報道，因為它們有時會導致極光、停電和其他類似問題。 因此，人們想對此更加了解，並在Google上搜尋『太陽耀斑』以了解更多關資訊。 這種趨勢在某種程度上與太陽週期相匹配，因為在太陽耀斑頻繁的時期，人們會更感興趣/關心，並且更頻繁地尋找它們。」

香港天文台—太空天氣

https://www.hko.gov.hk/tc/education/spacewx/index.htm#/zh_hk

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為何不能用太陽眼鏡直視太陽？

# data[].attributes.subject
為何不能用太陽眼鏡直視太陽？

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如透光度測試圖所見，

太陽眼鏡和太陽濾鏡都能阻隔紫外線(<400nm)到十萬分一水平，

但太陽眼鏡在可見光(400-750nm)卻達到百分一至十分之一，

甚至無法過濾紅外線(>750nm)，無法保護眼睛受太陽強光和紅外線損害。

https://www.sciencefriday.com/articles/how-do-eclipse-glasses-actually-work/

https://eclipse.aas.org/eye-safety/how-to-tell-if-viewers-are-safe

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Stellarium虛擬星象儀軟體在中國古代史課程教學的應用

# data[].attributes.subject
Stellarium虛擬星象儀軟體在中國古代史課程教學的應用

# data[].attributes.body
http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/handle/20.500.12235/109401

「在中國古代史的教學上，相關史料常常伴隨古代星象的記載。直至今日，由於資訊軟體發展越來越進步，可利用諸如Stellarium 等虛擬星象儀軟體，讓學生跨越時空，看到與古人相同的星空，進而理解史料記載的準確性以及古人心中的所思所想，強化中國古代史教學的深度與廣度。」

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Stellarium虛擬星象儀軟體在中國古代史課程教學的應用

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
在中國古代史的教學上，相關史料常常伴隨古代星象的記載。直至今日，由於資訊軟體發展越來越進步，可利用諸如Stellarium 等虛擬星象儀軟體，讓學生跨越時空，看到與古人相同的星空，進而理解史料記載的準確性以及古人心中的所思所想，強化中國古代史教學的深度與廣度。特別是「夏商周斷代工程」中利用星象定年是其中非常重要、也是學生最不易理解的科目。在Stellarium ...

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4fhhjCEvrmo

這個動畫影片，分拆比較指細講解

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Infiniscope - free content and creative tools to educators

# data[].attributes.subject
Infiniscope - free content and creative tools to educators

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Infiniscope - free content and creative tools to educators

https://infiniscope.org/

by center for education through exploration https://etx.asu.edu/

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How To: Create and Access an Authoring Account in Argos
Unlike instructor accounts, authoring accounts require a quick one-time setup. We are working to streamline this process in the future for new users, but once you create your account, you won't need to use these steps again.

Here you will find a step-by-step guide or a video tutorial to walk you through this one-time process.

Logging In and Enabling Educator Mode: To get started, make sure you're logged into your Infiniscope account . Once you're in, enable educator mode. This step is crucial because it grants you access to essential features.

Accessing Educator Resources: Enabling educator mode will unlock the option to view educator resources on lesson cards. Click Educator Info , then View Resources . Clicking here will take you to the lesson landing page.

Start Your First Project or Close out: To start a new lesson, click " Projects " on the left panel, then " New Project " to get started.

Once you close out of Argos, you'll need to access your authoring account. Below are instructions and a quick video to get you back to projects.

Accessing Your Authoring Account : To access your newly minted authoring account once you've closed out of Argos, ensure you're logged into the Infiniscope website with educator mode enabled. This step allows you to see the tools menu. From this menu, select "Argos."

Congratulations! You've successfully created your authoring account and regained access from the Infiniscope website.

We're thrilled to have you on board and look forward to the content you'll create. If you have any questions or need further assistance, !

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Infiniscope | Transforming Earth & Space Science Education

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Providing educators with standards-based digital lessons, creative tools and professional development with connections to NASA science.

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https://www.facebook.com/hokoon.astro/posts/pfbid0wYBKfB39pJp2noM9fK1ioDcBqfbC7DaPDuJYXBdD7LmyqD4QxhEaFSwKSDtSQM8Yl

住得人的星球，只得一個，只有這時。

只能在對的時間、對的地方。

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvfsfUrrkZk&list=PLQN6LmQ0Fk8yeYofcExCXZDzTg054M4Hk&index=3

成日聽人講「超級月亮」，究竟有咩咁「超級」? 唔好人講你又講，快D去片睇下

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https://astro4edu.org/resources/

國際天文聯會 天文教育辦公室 教育資源

包括各種題材的活動、教案、媒體等

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The IAU Office of Astronomy for Education is the IAU's office focussed on primary and secondary education.

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Show off your knowledge of all things cosmic with our beginner's guide to debunking some of the biggest misconceptions in astronomy.

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Below we've taken 8 of the misconceptions around astronomy that we hear most often, and have approached them from a scientific point of view to help explain these erroneous myths away.

https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/space-science/astronomy-myths-debunked

可能在工作坊也有提示了

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猜猜下列描述應配上哪幅金星圖片

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猜猜下列描述應配上哪幅金星圖片

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猜猜下列描述應配上哪幅金星圖片

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A:

B:

C:

D:

1. 無論在地球還是太空探測器，以可見光觀測金星都只像個白雪球。

（相片來源：NASA 水星探測器信使號 Messenger ）

2. 使用兩段紫外線拍攝金星雲層的結構。

（相片來源：JAXA 金星氣候衛星 破曉號/ あかつき/ Akatsuki / 暁）

3. 地圖用上分層著色法顯示高低地形，來自1990年代麥哲倫金星探測器的雷達數據。

（圖片來源：NASA）

4. 電腦地圖模型。其數據來自1989年由太空穿梭機發射的金星探測器麥哲倫搭載的雷達。

（圖片來源：NASA）

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https://epic.gsfc.nasa.gov/galleries/2024/total_eclipse/video

由位於地球與太陽之間，距離地球約150萬公里的DSCOVR衛星，從太陽望向地球的方向拍攝。

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/152663/total-solar-eclipse-darkens-north-america

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e7g8f7S569A

How can we gently respond to misconceptions so that visitors are encouraged to keep exploring astronomy? Here's an additional resource - more are on the way: https://newyorkscienceteacher.com/sci...

Practice these techniques, share this video with your club, and find activities to do both on your own and as a club at the Night Sky Network: https://nightsky.jpl.nasa.gov/downloa...

Find more techniques in our Confidence and Curiosity Video series:    • Confidence & Curiosity...

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花生漫畫STEM活動教案

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花生漫畫STEM活動教案

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https://www.peanuts.com/activities/peanuts-lesson-plans

多個包括天文、太空、自然活動教材，中英文等11個語文版本。設計給家長或教師與高小、初小至幼兒使用。

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The Peanuts gang keep kids engaged and entertained while sharpening STEM, Language Arts, and Social Studies skills. These free resources, created for students ages 4-13, are available in 11 languages.

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學習資源網頁：https://sites.google.com/hokoon.edu.hk/pri-workshop-astro2024/

網頁分享由可觀中心製作或整理的學習、教學及課程資源。

其他資源則在此分享。

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Credit: Munroe, Randall. (2018, January 26). Night Sky. Xkcd. https://xkcd.com/1947/ (CC BY-NC 2.5 DEED) For explanation: 1947: Night Sky - explain xkcd. (2018). Explainxkcd.com.

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https://labs.minutelabs.io/eclipses/

太陽系不同行星上日食的模擬

還有其他天文及科學模擬：

https://minutelabs.io/

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Explore beautiful solar eclipses from other planets!

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2024 Observing Challenges

Discovering the Solar System - Projects for the keen-eyed and camera-toting observer

Footsteps of the Celestial Police - A binocular activity

Lunar Explorations - A binocular/telescope challenge

In the Footsteps of Galileo - A binoculars/small telescope challenge

Every Global Astronomy Month, AWB and the The Astronomical League partner to run a series of Observing Challenges, developed by John Goss. Whether you are a complete novice to astronomy or a seasoned veteran there will be something for you! Some of the challenges can be completed in one night and some will take the whole month.

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Observing Challenges 2024 - Astronomers Without Borders

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Every Global Astronomy Month, AWB and the The Astronomical League partner to run a series of Observing Challenges, developed by John Goss. Whether you are a complete novice to astronomy or a seasoned veteran there will be something for you! Some of the challenges can be completed in one night and some will take the whole month.

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 Science Friday on Instagram: "Learn with  @deanregas how to use a sun funnel to see the upcoming solar eclipse.". https://www.instagram.com/reel/C5JPKaxLwZq/

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 Science Friday on Instagram: "Learn with  @deanregas how to use a sun funnel to see the upcoming solar eclipse."

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104 likes, 6 comments - scifri on March 30, 2024: "Learn with  @deanregas how to use a sun funnel to see the upcoming solar eclipse."

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View this post on Instagram

A post shared by Science Friday (@scifri)

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SOHO太陽科學教學活動及教案

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SOHO太陽科學教學活動及教案

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https://soho.nascom.nasa.gov/classroom/for_students.html

包括中小學程度的太陽科學學習活動，

網站內亦有其他展示或即時媒體資源分享

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Watch a 4 minute overview of Sun science, history and missions.

Track Sunspots on the Sun's Surface Using real data from SOHO!

There is a movie associated with this PDF file. If the movie fails to play, download the Quicktime movie to your PC. When the PDF file asks you where the movie is, locate it on your hard drive, set the link, and then it should play.
Download movie

Measure the motion of a coronal mass ejection using real data from SOHO!

in our ancient observatory poster. (Spot the differences Answer key)

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Watch a 4 minute overview of Sun science, history and missions. Track Sunspots on the Sun's Surface Using real data from SOHO! There is a movie associated with this PDF file. If the movie fails to play, download the Quicktime movie to your PC.

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https://www.astronomy.com/observing/25-facts-you-should-know-about-the-total-solar-eclipse-on-april-8-2024/

這次將發生在2024年4月8日的北美日全食,是美國近未來20年內唯一一次的日全食。月球將在地球和太陽之間完整遮蔽住太陽,為觀測者帶來罕見的景象。上文簡介這次日食的25個知識點：

1. 2024年的日全食將是美國本土7年來的首次日全食。上一次是2017年8月21日,近期的2044年8月23日才會再次出現。

2. 日食發生於月球在地球和太陽之間時,月球將其陰影投射到地球上引起。

3. 日食只有在新月時才會出現。

4. 不是每次新月都會發生日食。

5. 不同的日全食全食時間不同,因為地球到太陽和月球到地球的距離都在變化。

6. 食分和遮掩程度的概念。

7. 相似的日食在沙羅週期*內循環出現。

8. 美國本土任何地方都將看到偏食現象。

9. 唯有經歷全食才能欣賞的壯麗景象。

10. 最佳觀測位置在月球陰影中心線上。

11. 美國境內的首個全食地點在德克薩斯州。

12. 月球陰影將橫跨15個州。

13. 最長的全食時間將達4分28秒。

14. 美國境內最後一個全食地點將是緬因州。

15. 從初虧到復圓期間的有趣景象。

16. 2024年的日食有機會是史上觀測人數最多的一次。

17. 若干大城市將有極佳的觀測區域。

18. 將有超過3,150萬美國人直接觀看到全食。

19. 僅在全食期間方可直接觀看日食。

20. 月球和太陽在天空中的巧合大小。

21. 無須望遠鏡就能欣賞全食奇觀。

22. 日食期間大自然亦會有異常情況出現。

23. 2024年日食的最大全食時間不在中心線上。

24. 下次美國本土日全食將在2044年。

25. 本次日食將準確於2024年4月8日出現。

*沙羅週期：太陽、地球和月球每隔 18 年 11.3 日就會回到相同的相對位置。重複發生日蝕和月蝕 (但卻在不同的地理位置發生)。[https://www.phy.cuhk.edu.hk/astroworld/dictionary/dictionary_lunar.html]

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Here are 25 fascinating facts about the 2024 total solar eclipse, which will race up through Mexico, trek through the United States from Texas to Maine, and finish out its land journey by dashing through the eastern tip of Canada.

1. This will be the first total solar eclipse in the continental U.S. in 7 years.

The last one occurred August 21, 2017. It crossed the country from Oregon to South Carolina, and millions of people viewed it successfully. Before that one, you have to go back to February 26, 1979. And it will be 20 years until the next one: August 23, 2044.

2. A solar eclipse occurs when the Sun, the Moon, and Earth are aligned, or in syzygy.

The Moon, directly between the Sun and Earth, casts a shadow on our planet. If you're in the dark part of that shadow (the umbra), you'll see a total eclipse. If you're in the light part (the penumbra), you'll see a partial eclipse.

3. A solar eclipse only happens at New Moon.

The Moon has to be between the Sun and Earth for a solar eclipse to occur. The only lunar phase when that happens is New Moon.

4. Solar eclipses don't occur at every New Moon.

The reason is that the Moon's orbit is tilted 5° compared to Earth's orbit around the Sun. Astronomers call the two intersections of these paths nodes. Eclipses only occur when the Sun lies at one node and the Moon is either at the same node (for solar eclipses) or at the opposite node (for lunar eclipses). During most (lunar) months, the Sun lies either above or below one of the nodes, and no eclipse occurs.

5. Eclipse totalities are different lengths.

The reason the total phases of solar eclipses vary in time is because Earth is not always at the same distance from the Sun, and the Moon is not always the same distance from Earth. The Earth-Sun distance varies by 3 percent and the Moon-Earth distance by 12 percent. The result is that the Moon's apparent diameter can range from 10 percent smaller to 7 percent larger than the Sun's.

RELATED: Detailed maps of totality | Solar eclipse FAQs | How to take photos of the eclipse

6. It's all about magnitude and obscuration.

Astronomers categorize each solar eclipse in terms of its magnitude and obscuration - and I don't want you to be confused when you encounter these terms. The magnitude of a solar eclipse is the percent of the Sun's diameter that the Moon covers during maximum eclipse. The obscuration is the percent of the Sun's total surface area covered at maximum. Here's an example: If the Moon covers half the Sun's diameter (in this case the magnitude equals 50 percent), the amount of obscuration (the area of the Sun's disk the Moon blots out) will be only 39.1 percent.

7. Solar eclipses occur between Saros cycles.

Similar solar and lunar eclipses recur every 6,585.3 days (18 years, 11 days, 8 hours). Scientists call this length of time a Saros cycle. Two eclipses separated by one Saros cycle are similar. They occur at the same node, the Moon's distance from Earth is nearly the same, and they happen at the same time of year.

8. Everyone in the continental U.S. will see at least a partial eclipse.

In fact, if you have clear skies on eclipse day, the Moon will cover at least 16 percent of the Sun's surface, and that's from Neah Bay at the northwestern tip of Washington.

9. It's all about totality.

Not to cast a shadow on things, but likening a partial eclipse to a total eclipse is like comparing near-death to death. I know that 16 percent sounds like worthy coverage. It isn't. You won't even notice your surroundings getting dark. And it doesn't matter whether the partial eclipse above your location is 16, 56, or 96 percent. Only totality reveals the true celestial spectacle: the diamond ring, the Sun's glorious corona, strange colors in our sky, and seeing stars in the daytime. (And don't forget to listen to your surroundings, too; wildlife tends to react to a total solar eclipse suddenly passing overhead.)

10. You want to be on the center line.

This probably isn't a revelation, but the Moon's shadow is round. If it were square, it wouldn't matter where you viewed totality, as people across its width would experience the same duration of darkness. But because the lunar shadow is round, the longest duration of an eclipse occurs at its center line, as that's where you'll experience the full width of the Moon's shadow.

11. First contact is in Texas.

If you want to be the first person to experience totality in the continental U.S., be at the Mexican border in Las Quintas Fronterizas, Texas, at 1:27:21 p.m. CDT. There, the total phase lasts 4 minutes 22 seconds.

12. The center line crosses through 15 states.

After a great southwest-to-northeast run through Texas, totality simultaneously begins in Oklahoma and Arkansas at 1:45:39 p.m. CDT. Next up is Missouri. Unfortunately, Saint Louis lies just outside the path's northern limit. Technically, Tennessee can claim to be one of the states touched by totality, however only a tiny part of its northwest corner is covered by the umbra. Likewise, only a small part of far-western Kentucky experiences totality. A large section of southern Illinois lies along the path, but it pales in comparison with the swath the umbra covers in the next two states: Indiana and Ohio. Even before the eclipse passes out of Ohio, a tiny tip of southeastern Michigan technically sees totality. The last stages in the U.S. see the path cover areas of Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.

13. Totality lasts a maximum of 4 minutes 28 seconds.

That's it. To experience that length, you'll need to be in the small town of Nazas, Mexico, which is about 40 miles (60 km) southwest of Torreón. And trust me, no matter how long totality really lasts, solar eclipses are so captivating, they always seem to only last a few brief seconds.

14. The end of the eclipse for the U.S. is in Maine

Totality leaves the United States for good in 2024 at 3:35 p.m. EDT on the eastern edge of Littleton, Maine. An observer there would enjoy 3 minutes 22 seconds of totality with the Sun 35° high in the west-southwest at mid-eclipse.

15. Cool things are afoot before and after totality.

Although the big payoff is the exact lineup of the Sun, the Moon, and your location, also pay attention during the partial phases that lead up to and follow totality. As you view the early stages through a safe solar filter, the universe will set your mind at ease when you see the Moon take its first bite out of the Sun's disk. Around the three-quarters mark, you'll start to notice that the shadows around you are getting sharper. The reason is that the Sun's disk is shrinking, literally approaching a point - and a smaller light source produces better-defined shadows. At about 85 percent coverage, you'll be able to spot Venus 15° west-southwest of the Sun. If any trees are at your site, you may see their leaves act like simple pinhole cameras, with hundreds of crescent Suns appearing in their shadows.

16. This eclipse will be the most-viewed ever.

I base this proclamation on four factors: First, the attention it will get from the media; second, the superb coverage of the highway system in our country; third, the typical weather on that date (April 8, 2024); and fourth, the vast number of people who will have access to it from large cities located near the eclipse path.

17. Several large cities will enjoy a great view.

Unlike the 2017 eclipse, which covered only one large city, Nashville, the 2024 event will plunge several major metropolitan centers into darkness. Many completely lie along the path, while others will have a large percentage of their areas covered. Among them are Mazatlán, Mexico; San Antonio, Austin, Fort Worth, and Dallas, Texas; Indianapolis, Indiana; Cincinnati, Columbus, and Cleveland, Ohio; and Buffalo, New York.

18. Tens of millions of people live in the eclipse path.

In 2017, approximately 12.25 million residents of the U.S. lived along the path of totality. In 2024, more than that number live along the path before the eclipse even exits Texas. In all, approximately 31.5 million people can simply walk outside, look up, and see a totally eclipsed Sun in the daytime sky during the 2024 eclipse - weather permitting, of course.

19. Totality is safe to look at.

During the time the Moon's disk covers that of the Sun - and only then - it's safe to look at the eclipse without a solar filter or eclipse glasses. In fact, to experience the awesomeness of the event, you must look at the Sun without a filter during totality.

20. Yes, the Sun's a lot bigger.

But it's also a lot farther away. The Sun's diameter is approximately 400 times larger than that of the Moon. What a coincidence that it also lies roughly 400 times farther away. This means both the solar and lunar disks appear to be the same size. But that won't last forever. The Moon is slowly inching away from Earth, meaning that hundreds of millions of years from now, the Moon will appear too small to entirely cover the Sun's disk. At that point, solar eclipse will be a thing of the past.

21. You won't need a telescope.

One of the great things about the total phase of a solar eclipse is that it looks amazing to naked eyes. The sight of the corona surrounding the Moon's black disk in a darkened sky is unforgettable. That said, binoculars at relatively low power still give you a close-up view - one that you should take advantage of several times during the event.

22. Nature will take heed.

Depending on your surroundings, as totality nears you may experience strange things. Look: You'll notice a resemblance to the onset of night, though not exactly. Areas much lighter than the sky near the Sun lie all around the horizon. Shadows appear different. Listen: Usually, any breeze will dissipate and birds (many of whom will return to roost) will stop chirping. It is quiet. Feel: A 10°F to 15°F drop in temperature is not unusual. After all, the Sun provides a lot of energy to the surface of our planet.

23. Maximum totality is not the longest possible in 2024.

The longest possible duration of the total phase of a solar eclipse is 7 minutes 32 seconds. Unfortunately, the next solar eclipse with a totality approaching 7 minutes won't occur until June 13, 2132. That eclipse, with a maximum duration of 6 minutes 55 seconds, will be the longest since the 7 minutes 4 seconds of totality experienced June 30, 1973.

24. The future is bright, but long.

The next total solar eclipse over the continental U.S. requires a 20-year wait until August 23, 2044. That one is visible only in Montana and North Dakota. Great total solar eclipses follow in 2045 and 2078. Those events have maximum totalities of 6 minutes 6 seconds and 5 minutes 40 seconds, respectively.

25. This eclipse will happen on April 8, 2024!

Astronomers, whether professional or amateur, are familiar with the uncertainty and limited visibility of some celestial events. Comets may appear bright if their compositions are just so. Meteor showers might reach storm levels if we pass through a thick part of the stream. A supernova as bright as a whole galaxy is visible now, but you need a telescope that can spot it. In contrast, the 2024 total solar eclipse will occur when we say, where we say, for how long we say - and in the daytime, no less. Guaranteed!

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25 facts about the 2024 total solar eclipse

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Brush up on solar eclipse basics before April 8, when we'll enjoy the first total solar eclipse in the continental U.S. since 2017.

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文中的相片都是在路傍手持電話拍攝，你能夠找到相中星座和天體嗎？

要在市區看星，暫時仍未絕望。只要避開一些直接照射的燈光，一些較為明亮的行星和星座，甚至少數深空天體。

http://www.hokoon.edu.hk/%e5%8d%9a%e7%89%a9%e5%a4%a9%e5%9c%b0/%e5%8d%9a%e7%89%a9%e7%89%b9%e5%af%ab/stargazingintown/

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 - 嗇色園主辦的可觀自然教育中心暨天文館，自1995年落成以後，便肩負起推行郊野研習及天文教育的重大使命。天文是一個可供無限探索的領域，莘莘學子能在廣漠深邃的宇宙空間裡遨翔馳騁，體會人與天的密切關係，對橫向的思想發展有極大幫助；在欣賞及觀測天象之餘，亦會引入其他學科常識，兼顧了縱向知識的擴大。至於涵蓋了生物及地理科郊野研習的自然教育，則關乎人與環境的一種學問，使學生們掌握生存的命脈和萬物變化的規律，從而瞭解到人與地怎樣和諧共處，締造美好生活。天文與自然教育，融匯了天與地的知識，使學生不單對於地上萬物有一定的認識，也能同時渴求追溯宇宙的奧秘，從而達到「可觀」期望的天、地、人合一理念。這種超然嶄新的思維，使學生得到教科以外的知識之餘，亦擴闊了他們學習的領域與層面，無論在多元智能的培育及高階思維的訓練上，均達到非常理想的果效。

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不少城市人認為星空非常遙遠，如要接觸得到，不單長途跋涉又要費時費神。都市生活營營役役，或許除了放假短暫離港，可能很少人會想到郊外，賭一賭 香港的銀河 有否被海上、陸上的燈光淹蓋。

本月某夜，筆者回家途中在住窄大廈之間、耀目的路燈之下，抬頭還可以看到北斗七星。在其指引下，於低空的薄霧間找到若隱若現的北極星。你可會想到星空可能 遠在天邊 近在眼前 ？

下列相片都是在路傍用手提電話拍攝，你能夠找到相中星座和天體嗎？

雖然香港的 光害 世界聞名，但要在市區看星，暫時仍未絕望。儘使無法以肉眼看到銀河或滿天星海，但天空不單只有太陽、月亮，還有一些較為明亮的行星和星座，甚至少數深空天體，只要避開一些直接照射的燈光，尚可在城市中用肉眼找到。我們也曾到訪在被大廈包圍的市區校園，與師生一同在社區尋找星空中的吉光片羽。

我們亦可記錄天空的情況，為 監察全球天空亮度 出一分力。不妨多一點留意天空，在民居、社區之間，或許會發現可觀可樂的一刻，從自然中找到日常生活的一些趣味。

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「民間」觀星 - 博物特寫

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2024 年 3 月 25 日 不少城市人認為星空非常遙遠，如要接觸得到，不單長途跋涉又要費時費神。你可會想到星空可能遠在天邊 近在眼前？

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聲化：名為水母星雲的超新星遺跡

有別一般用圖像以明暗、顏色呈現來自天體的光線，「聲化」把這些訊號轉化成聲音呈現。讓人能夠以聽覺感受「星光」。

http://sprite.phys.ncku.edu.tw/astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap240325.html

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APOD: 2024 March 25 - Sonified: The Jellyfish Nebula Supernova Remnant

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A different astronomy and space science related image is featured each day, along with a brief explanation.

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可觀中心旋轉星圖[下載]

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可觀中心旋轉星圖[下載]

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https://cutt.ly/8ki3cMK

老師可下載此旋轉星圖，自行列印作教材，合適與香港緯度相近地區使用。

使用方法可參考此影片：

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVSnEqeAgBA

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這裡分享兩個例子：

1. 當作一個球去演示

https://www.facebook.com/hokoon.astro/posts/pfbid02yK35P8eu82cVt3XUTQUyRKNtU7M9ULSgk7RTwoAvhUVUXPLYawYgjzxCQgf2FELcl

做法：

1. 在日間進行

2. 面向月球，高舉橙指向月球

3. 此時月-橙-眼睛，成一線

4. 陽光以相同角度照射月、橙

5. 得出幾乎完全一樣的月/橙相位

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

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可切開的球面，展示球面變成平面的變化

https://www.facebook.com/hokoon.astro/posts/pfbid0276QJYkEVfaoL4C7ndcZqcphuGPaeXWh8vZrCXQbtjSnMw7gGXHHNHeitotDhvpCHl

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

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【曲直難分？】其實是圓的
早兩日先後上載兩幅 #月聚五星 的相片，呈現行星與月球大致沿黃道連成一線的現象。
讀者可能發現23/6相片的黃道帶呈拱形的曲線，而24/6的相片又有彎曲的地平線。由於從觀測者的角度看，就像被一個半球的星空包圍，經過投射到平面的相片就會出現不同程度的變形。在包含範圍越大的廣角照中，變形就越明顯。...

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https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/2898:_Orbital_Argument

Refer to

9. 太陽系行星公轉的中心，不一定在太陽中心？

https://sites.google.com/hokoon.edu.hk/pri-workshop-astro2024/home/Part5-explain?authuser=0#h.rylrw5elfiz1

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xkcd 中文翻譯：軌道爭論

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xkcd 漫畫的中文翻譯，這裡翻譯某個關於浪漫、諷刺、數學、以及語言的漫畫

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【問答遊戲】太空電影還是真實故事？

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【問答遊戲】太空電影還是真實故事？

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https://starwalk.space/zh-Hant/quiz/sci-fi-movie-or-true-story

更多小測試：

https://starwalk.space/zh-Hant/games

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嘗試猜測事件是發生在科幻電影中還是現實生活中。讓我們看看您能正確回答多少個問題！

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網傳「從明天五點二十七分開始，太陽將會遠離地球，天氣會因此變得比較嚴寒，這種現象叫做遠日點...這種現象將會延續至今年八月，一般上，天氣會比平時要冷」？

經查：

【報告將隨時更新 2022/3/31版】

一、專家表示，地球繞太陽的軌道是橢圓形，因此會有距離太陽遠近的差異，造成遠日點、近日點。而遠日點是在7月初，並非傳言流傳的「明天開始延續到8月」。

二、專家表示，地球與太陽平均距離是1億5000萬公里，並非傳言稱的9千萬公里。而遠日點與太陽距離是1億5200萬公里、近日點是1億4700萬公里，距離相差比例僅3%。

三、專家表示，影響氣候的主因是地球的自轉軸和公轉軸的傾斜角度；遠日點不會影響氣候變化。網傳「遠日點天氣會比較冷」並不正確。

傳言多處錯誤，因此，為「錯誤」訊息。

圖文版（可左右滑動）

背景

社群平台從2022年3月開始流傳簡體字訊息：「从明天五点二十七分开始，太阳将会远离地球，天气会因此变得比较严寒，这种现象叫做Aphelion Phenomenon (远日点)，平时, 地球和太阳的距离是90,000,000 公里，如遇上aphelion 现象，太阳会远离地球152,000,000 公里，这种现象将会延续至今年八月，一般上，天气会比平时要冷，可能因此带来身体不适，如感冒，咳嗽，呼吸短促等等。所以，在这期间要多喝水，多吃有益健康的营养品，以便增强身体抵抗力，免受疾病侵袭。别错过将此贴文转发出去和大家分享。」

圖1：社群平台擷圖

圖2：社群平台擷圖

查核

爭議點一、傳言指稱「明天開始太陽會遠離地球...此種現象叫遠日點....此現象延續到8月初」，是否正確？

查核中心採訪中央大學天文研究所教授陳文屏、中興大學物理系助理教授張雨晏。

陳文屏說，地球繞太陽的軌道是橢圓形，不是正圓，因此，在這個橢圓軌道上，地球與太陽的距離有遠有近。最接近太陽（近日點）在1月初，而最遠離太陽是在7月初，也就是傳言說的「遠日點」。

張雨晏說，根據克卜勒第一定律，行星繞恆星的軌道都是橢圓，地球繞著太陽公轉的軌跡亦是如此，因此會有距離太陽遠近的差異，因而產生遠日點、近日點。每年地球都會在7月初經過遠日點（Aphelion），而非傳言所指的「明天」（3月）開始。

綜合以上，地球繞太陽的軌道是橢圓形，造成遠日點、近日點；近日點在1月初、遠日點是在7月初。傳言稱遠日點「明天開始延續到8月」是錯誤訊息。

爭議點二、傳言指稱「平時，地球和太陽的距離是9千萬公里，如遇上遠日點現象，太陽會遠離地球152,000,000 公里」，是否正確？

張雨晏說， 地球和太陽的平均距離約是1億5000萬公里，而不是傳言宣稱的9千萬公里。此外，遠日點與近日點，也並沒有想像中的差距大，當地球移到近日點，與太陽的距離約是1億4700萬公里，遠日點時距離約是1億5200萬公里。相差大概只有500萬公里，約等於地球和太陽間距離的3%。

陳文屏說，地球與太陽的平均距離是1億5000萬公里，並非傳言說的9千萬。

綜合以上，傳言稱 「地球和太陽的距離是9千萬公里」並不 正確。地球與太陽的平均距離是1億5000萬公里；而遠日點是1億5200萬公里，近日點是1億4700萬公里，相差比例僅3%。

爭議點三、網傳「如遇上遠日點（aphelion）現象....一般上，天氣會比平時要冷，可能因此帶來身體不適，如感冒，咳嗽，呼吸短促等等。」是否屬實？遠日點對地球會有什麼影響？

遠日點會造成氣候變冷嗎？

張雨晏說，影響氣候的主因是地球的自轉軸和公轉軸的傾斜角度，也因此造成一年四季的變化，跟遠日點、近日點的關係不大。

陳文屏說，影響地球季節變化的原因主要是地球的傾角，造成地球的南北球季節會不一樣。像是7月時雖然是遠日點，但因地球傾斜角度，陽光直射北半球，斜射南半球，因而 北半球溫暖、南半球較寒冷，並不是遠日點就會比較寒冷。

遠日點會對地球造成什麼影響？

張雨晏說明，地球在遠日點和近日點的距離差異只有3%左右，相較於其它因素，其對地球造成的影響小到可以忽略，人在地球上也不會有感覺，也不會影響氣候變化。

張雨晏舉例，地球在遠日點與近日點，會影響地球上單位面積得到的太陽輻射能量，近日點得到的輻射量較多，遠日點較少，但兩者差異小於7%，而考量到 地球在遠日點的公轉速度慢於近日點的公轉速度，其所抵銷掉的輻射能量 ，實際造成的差異更小。

綜合以上，影響氣候的主因是地球的自轉軸和公轉軸的傾斜角度；遠日點不會影響氣候變化。

結論

【報告將隨時更新 2022/3/31版】

一、專家表示，地球繞太陽的軌道是橢圓形，因此會有距離太陽遠近的差異，造成遠日點、近日點。而遠日點是在7月初，並非傳言流傳的「明天開始延續到8月」。

二、專家表示，地球與太陽平均距離是1億5000萬公里，並非傳言稱的9千萬公里。而遠日點與太陽距離是1億5200萬公里、近日點是1億4700萬公里，距離相差比例僅3%。

三、專家表示，影響氣候的主因是地球的自轉軸和公轉軸的傾斜角度；遠日點不會影響氣候變化。網傳「遠日點氣候會比較冷」並不正確。

傳言多處錯誤，因此，為「錯誤」訊息。

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【錯誤】網傳「從明天五點二十七分開始，太陽將會遠離地球，天氣會因此變得比較嚴寒，這種現象叫做遠日點...這種現象將會延續至今年八月，一般上，天氣會比平時要冷」？

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【報告將隨時更新 2022/3/31版】 一、專家表示，地球繞太陽的軌道是橢圓形，因此會有距離太陽遠近的差異，造成遠日點、近日點。而遠日點是在7月初，並非傳言流傳的「明天開始延續到8月」。 二、專家表示，地球與太陽平均距離是1億5000萬公里，並非傳言稱的9千萬公里。而遠日點與太陽距離是1億5200萬公里、近日點是1億4700萬公里，距離相差比例僅3%。 ...

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不用指南針都能辨別方向?

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不用指南針都能辨別方向?

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不用指南針都能辨別方向? III

這篇使用日影來找出交方向，原理與天文公園所見的 正方案 一致。

不用指南針都能辨別方向? II

介紹另一種方法 – 利用星座去找方向。

不用指南針都能辨別方向?

介紹一下利用月相和月出時間測量方向或時間。

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 - 嗇色園主辦的可觀自然教育中心暨天文館，自1995年落成以後，便肩負起推行郊野研習及天文教育的重大使命。天文是一個可供無限探索的領域，莘莘學子能在廣漠深邃的宇宙空間裡遨翔馳騁，體會人與天的密切關係，對橫向的思想發展有極大幫助；在欣賞及觀測天象之餘，亦會引入其他學科常識，兼顧了縱向知識的擴大。至於涵蓋了生物及地理科郊野研習的自然教育，則關乎人與環境的一種學問，使學生們掌握生存的命脈和萬物變化的規律，從而瞭解到人與地怎樣和諧共處，締造美好生活。天文與自然教育，融匯了天與地的知識，使學生不單對於地上萬物有一定的認識，也能同時渴求追溯宇宙的奧秘，從而達到「可觀」期望的天、地、人合一理念。這種超然嶄新的思維，使學生得到教科以外的知識之餘，亦擴闊了他們學習的領域與層面，無論在多元智能的培育及高階思維的訓練上，均達到非常理想的果效。

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筆者早前介紹過利用月相及月出時間或星座就能辨別方向，上兩次的方法都是用於晚上，而今次介紹就能用於日間的時候。

大家都知道太陽是東升西落，所以我們就可以利用這個定律辨別方向了。「木棒成影法」利用太陽及木棒的影子就能找出「北」。大家可以用一支竹枝固定在地上，先記錄竹枝的影子最開始時的位置(如圖一，位置A)，在野外時可以用石頭作記號，然後等待時間的過去，如紀錄中途有雲也沒有關係的，大概等待1小時左右或以上，再次記下影子的位置。(如圖一，位置B)

第一個記錄位置(位置A)是西面，而第二個記錄位置(位置B)就是東面，可以左腳站在位置A前，而右腳就站在位置B(如圖二)，所面向的方向就是北面了。如想再準確找出北面，可以將兩點拉成一直線，再畫一條垂直線，那個方向就是北。

其實這個原理是因為太陽從東面升起西面落的，每小時運行15度左右，所以「木棒成影法」就是利用太陽在天空移動後，木棒投影的距離來確定方向。

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不用指南針都能辨別方向? III - 嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館

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2022 年 4 月 5 日 大家都知道太陽是東升西落，所以我們就可以利用這個定律辨別方向

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南半球有南極星嗎？- 屋頂上的天文學家

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南半球有南極星嗎？- 屋頂上的天文學家

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https://roofastro.blogspot.com/2024/01/blog-post.html

居住在北半球的人可以用北極星辨識方向，南半球有南極星嗎？現在南半球並沒有南極星，但是現在沒有不表示以前沒有。......

屋頂上的天文學家

-康德說：「世界上只有兩樣東西值得我們敬畏：一個是我們心中崇高的道德準則，一個是我們頭頂的星空。」 在這裡，跟著屋頂上的天文學家一起仰望星空，在科學與神話的世界裡，探索宇宙的奧秘！

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塔斯馬尼亞島原住民的南極星

塔斯馬尼亞島位在澳大利亞南方，兩者隔著巴斯海峽，塔斯馬尼亞原住民有一個世世代代相傳的口述歷史。原住民的祖先從遙遠北方走到塔斯馬尼亞，然後海水淹沒他們走過的地方，塔斯馬尼亞變成一座島。另外，南方的天空曾經有一顆亮星，它在天空的位置固定不動。這顆南方亮星聽起來像是靠近天球南極，所以看起來才不會移動，就像北半球的北極星一樣，原住民口中的亮星是一顆南極星。

19世紀最早聽聞這個口述歷史的歐洲人覺得很疑惑，因為南半球並沒有南極星，而且塔斯馬尼亞島跟澳大利亞隔著巴斯海峽，原住民的祖先如何跨海步行走到塔斯馬尼亞島？會不會口述歷史只是傳說？

根據近代科學家的研究，最近一次冰河期（距今1萬8千年到2萬年之間），地球上許多水都凍結在南北極和陸地上的冰河，海平面比現在低，塔斯馬尼亞島跟澳洲大陸之間有陸橋相連，原住民的祖先透過這陸橋走到塔斯馬尼亞。後來地球溫度升高，凍結的冰融化，海平面升高，距今大約1萬2千年前，陸橋被上升的海水淹沒，塔斯馬尼亞變成一座海水圍繞的島。

當時的原住民夜晚往南方看，可以看見一顆亮星靠近南極的位置，這顆亮星是老人星。老人星大約在1萬4千年前最靠近南極，離那時的正南極不到10度，是當時的南極星。後來因為歲差，老人星漸漸遠離南極，現在即使北半球的台灣都可以看見這顆全天第二亮的恆星。

老人星的緯度相當低，台灣可以在南方地平線上看見這顆亮星。2023/8/29清晨，李昫岱攝於台南

經過科學家的抽絲剝繭，解開塔斯馬尼亞原住民口述歷史之謎，令人驚訝的是口述歷史居然可以代代相傳達1萬多年。

地球自轉軸方向會緩慢移動，以26000年的週期在天空畫一個圓。圖中的圓是南極移動的軌跡，數字是公元年，現在南極沒有南極星，不過公元前12000年時，老人星靠近南極，是當時的南極星。

當人類從澳洲遷徙到塔斯馬尼亞時，歐亞大陸與美洲阿拉斯加之間的白令海峽也形成陸橋，這讓人類由這個陸橋從亞洲遷徙到美洲，成為後來的美洲原住民。

1萬4千年前老人星還是南極星時，北半球的北極星是哪一顆呢？當時最靠近北極的亮星是織女，老人星與織女星是指引人類探索新世界的南極星與北極星。

原文章刊登在 國家地理官網

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居住在北半球的人可以用 北極星 辨識方向，南半球有南極星嗎？現在南半球並沒有南極星，但是現在沒有不表示以前沒有。 塔斯馬尼亞島原住民的南極星 塔斯馬尼亞島位在澳大利亞南方，兩者隔著巴斯海峽，塔斯馬尼亞原住民有一個世世代代相傳的口述歷史。原住民的祖先從遙遠北方走到塔斯馬尼亞，然後海...

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4UvDQay0zhM

閏年、新年、二月廿九都正所謂一年之計在於春，原來3月都可以過新年? 這都與天文學有密不可分的關係，當中其實大有學問。

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xkcd 1732: Earth Temperature Timeline 地球溫度時間線

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xkcd 1732: Earth Temperature Timeline 地球溫度時間線

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https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/1732:_Earth_Temperature_Timeline

這部分與天文無直接關系，但新科學科和人文科都有全球溫度變化的內容。這圖以較有趣的方法表達。

中文版：

https://xkcd.tw/1732

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xkcd 中文翻譯：地球溫度時間線

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xkcd 漫畫的中文翻譯，這裡翻譯某個關於浪漫、諷刺、數學、以及語言的漫畫

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上：https://www.facebook.com/hkspacem/posts/pfbid0ZY2NmrvpSzmUEHtKzyyhsGnKX6JVEE37qacTBTtgxQEYVqCry6oNZZLv441Z3MHFl?

下：https://www.facebook.com/hkspacem/posts/pfbid027uTM8gwLDB64H3XCVsUMRdMG92NkC2cC4ZrqrxPqCVYiC7wMqq31s5bHtwQK7w5Tl?

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【#天文公園】渾儀（上）

現代人真幸福，如果我們生於古時就只能偷偷地造訪這件天文儀器了。

「只是一件儀器而已，又不是甚麼秘密武器，為何要偷偷摸摸呀？」...

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可觀中心小學環境教育課程

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可觀中心小學環境教育課程

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http://www.hokoon.edu.hk/category/courses/advanced/

每年暑假末至開學期間公佈課程及開放報名。

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https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/make-a-moon-lander-mars-day-24-primary-school-session-tickets-807896840197

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As part of Mars Day 24, Amazelab presents this super fun and creative follow-along workshop, designing and making a Moon lander

About this event

Join primary schools nationwide and beam in to the Amazelab live streamed workshop as part of Mars Day 24. This year, Mars Day has invited the Moon as its special guest, welcoming classes to virtually land there!

Space explorer - make a Moon lander - is a super fun and creative follow-along workshop run by Amazelab.

They are looking for some space explorers to join them on a mission to the Moon, could this be you? You'll need to be able to take on a space explorer role to design and make a lunar landing module capable of landing yourself and others on the Moon!

During this workshop you'll plan, design and build a landing module you'll be able to test at home or in the classroom.

F ull session details can be found on the Mars Day 24 website here.

Register in advance and nearer the time you'll be sent joining instructions and a factsheet to go with the workshop, including details of all simple equipment required.

This session is part of Mars Day 24, an exciting free virtual event adventure for schools, presented by the UK Space Education Office (ESERO-UK) at STEM Learning and in collaboration with the European Space Agency (ESA) and the UK Space Agency.

Once again Mars Day has an out-of-this-world programme of live link-ups, activities and resources, talks and live Q&A with national and internationalspace guests as well as career discussions with hidden heroes of the UK space industry.

Beam in on Tuesday 5th March and explore Mars, the Moon - and beyond. Our last mission to Mars (Day) in 2023 had an audience of over 120,000!

Hear from a sky full of space stars -land on your favourite Mars and Moon topics, book for a session or two, take part in Mars Hour activities, or join in for the whole day. Embark on a solo mission, join in with friends, family or your class at school.

Details of the whole day's programme can be viewed on the Mars Day website here.

Register for the rest of Mars Day here and beam in and out of sessions across the day. Take part with your class or your whole school.

Follow ESERO-UK on X (@ESERO_UK) and Facebook (@ESEROUK) for the latest and remember to follow us on our website, and Eventbrite for updates.
Information for teachers
You can access further space themed resources and professional development through the ESERO-UK website: https://www.stem.org.uk/esero/
Privacy notice
This privacy notice explains how we use any personal information we collect about you when you complete this expression of interest survey.

What information we need:

In order to process your data to enable us to plan the day we need:

your name

your email address

your school/community group/home address

number of young people and adults joining you for this session

Why we need it:

We need to know this data in order to:

contact you with updates about Mars Day 2024

share details of how to join the event

contact you via an email with information about Mars Day 2025 when it is planned

We will only collect personal data required to provide and oversee this service to you. You will not automatically receive marketing emails about other STEM Learning educational products and services, if you would like to receive these please sign up on our website.

What we do with it:

Your personal data will be shared with those involved in running Mars Day at ESERO-UK/STEM Learning.

We have systems in place to ensure secure processing of your personal data by ourselves and anyone whom it is shared with. All the personal data we process is done so by our staff in the UK however information may be hosted in the US.

How long we keep it:

The information collected from this survey will be destroyed after 2 years.

What your rights are:

You have the right to request a copy of the information that we hold about you. If you would like a copy of some or all of your personal information, please email or write to us. We want to make sure that your personal information is accurate and up to date. You may ask us to correct or remove information you think is inaccurate.

If you wish to raise a complaint on how we have handled your personal data please contact our Data Protection Officer who will investigate the matter. You can write to our Data Protection Officer at National STEM Learning Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD or email datasecurity@stem.org.uk

For our full privacy notice, please see link below:

https://www.stem.org.uk/privacy-policy

About the organiser

ESERO-UK, also known as the UK Space Education and Resource Office, aims to use the context of space to open doors for young people by delivering engaging, world-class teaching in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM).

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make a moon lander – mars day 24 primary school session

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make a moon lander – mars day 24 primary school session tickets

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MAKE A MOON LANDER - MARS DAY 24 PRIMARY SCHOOL SESSION

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Eventbrite - ESERO-UK presents MAKE A MOON LANDER - MARS DAY 24 PRIMARY SCHOOL SESSION - Tuesday, 5 March 2024 - Find event and ticket information.

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This guide  supports primary schools in planning and running their own Space Week

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https://www.stem.org.uk/resources/elibrary/resource/448002/how-plan-and-run-your-own-space-week

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Please be aware that resources have been published on the website in the form that they were originally supplied. This means that procedures reflect general practice and standards applicable at the time resources were produced and cannot be assumed to be acceptable today. Website users are fully responsible for ensuring that any activity, including practical work, which they carry out is in accordance with current regulations related to health and safety and that an appropriate risk assessment has been carried out.

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This guide supports primary schools in planning and running their own Space Week, providing a wealth of ideas for activities for children in EYFS and primary schools as well as links to many high-quality resources to support teachers in planning a week of engaging learning experiences for their pupils.

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https://twitter.com/starfeelroom

使用簡單易明的圖象和模型介紹天文現象及概念，而且有免費資源下載。

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https://www.stem.org.uk/primary/enrichment/mars-day/mars-hour

Check out the array of free space-themed activities and resources available to download from ESA, ESERO-UK and Explorify below.

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https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/mars-day-24-tickets-719789197867

Mars Day 24 is an exciting free virtual event adventure for schools

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The next annual mission to Mars with ESA, the UK Space Agency, UK STEM Ambassadors and international guests is on the horizon!

About this event

7 hours 10 minutes

Mobile eTicket

Mars Day 24 is an exciting free virtual event adventure for schools, presented by the UK Space Education Office (ESERO-UK) at STEM Learning and in collaboration with the European Space Agency (ESA) and the UK Space Agency.

Once again Mars Day has an out-of-this-world programme of live link-ups, activities and resources, talks and live Q&A with national and internationalspace guests as well as career discussions with hidden heroes of the UK space industry.

Beam in on Tuesday 5th March and explore Mars, the Moon - and beyond. Our last mission to Mars (Day) in 2023 had an audience of over 120,000!

Hear from a sky full of space stars -land on your favourite Mars and Moon topics, book for a session or two, take part in Mars Hour activities, or join in for the whole day. Embark on a solo mission, join in with friends, family or your class at school.

For one starry day, this next Mars Day mission will:

Host more speaker stars than ever before from the European Space Agency (ESA) and the UK Space Agency

Feature the Moon as our 'Guest Celestial Object of the Year', learn how ESA is going to the Moon as part of a new era of lunar exploration

Run classroom activities in Mars Hour at 10.00 with free space-themed activities and resources to download

Live from the European Astronaut Centre, discover the training ESA Astronauts are taking on their way to the International Space Station or beyond

Share lunar adventures and Moon surprises with Executive Producers from legendary BBC Science series including The Planets and Wonders Of The Solar System

Star hidden heroes of the UK space industry revealing their journeys from studying STEM subjects to participating in space missions here on Earth

Run more hands-on Martian and Lunar activity sessions for primary schools to beam in to

Receive a live message from Mars with ESA's Mars Express spacecraft in Martian orbit, via UK's gateway to space, Goonhilly Earth Station

Explore Mars over the week with partners offering out-of-this-world events and sessions for schools during Mars Week.

Register for Mars Day 24 via the reserve button on the right and start planning your own Mars (Day) mission

PLUS:

If you'd like to beam in for two fun Mars Day primary school activity sessions on the day, click on the titles below for their own registration pages:

Make a Moon Lander 9.15 - 9.45 GMT

To the Moon and Mars 13.30 - 14.30 GMT

SESSIONS AND STARS

We have a galaxy-full of sessions for you to beam into across the day -some designed forsecondary schools to hear about STEM career journeys with hidden heroes of the UK space industry; some with space-themed classroom activity sessions for primary schools; some to enthrall and fascinate everyone with the wonders of Mars, the Moon - and beyond!

Land on Mars Hour and Mars Week too!

MARS HOUR - 10.00 GMT

For one starry hour on Mars Day 24, join in with thousands of schools nationwide and run activities on Mars.

Download an array of Mars Hour resources from ESA, ESERO-UK and Explorify for free. Run a full Mars Hour of activities or join for part of the hour.

While you are running your activities, keep the Mars Hour live streaming link open and see what other teams are exploring in their Mars Hour. Share socials and our presenters may give a shout-out to your school too!

MARS WEEK - 5-10 MARCH

Explore Mars - and beyond - over the week with out-of-this-world live and virtual events offered by Space and STEM experts nationwide.

A-Mars-ing events last year included daily 'Land on a Lecture' live-streamed talks with Q&A exploring various space topics, stargazing indoors and out, and the opportunity to visit other worlds and vote in lively debates with experts.

* **register for Mars Day 24 via the reserve button on the right* **

You'll then be the first to explore more free resources available for MARS HOUR and discover the MARS WEEK 24 partners when we launch our full programme.

Follow ESERO-UK on X (@ESERO_UK) and Facebook (@ESEROUK) for the latest and remember to follow us on our website, and Eventbrite for updates.
Information for teachers
You can access further space themed resources and professional development through the ESERO-UK website: https://www.stem.org.uk/esero/
Privacy notice
This privacy notice explains how we use any personal information we collect about you when you complete this expression of interest survey.

What information we need:

In order to process your data to enable us to plan the day we need:

your name

your email address

your school/community group/home address

number of young people and adults joining you for Mars Day 2024

Why we need it:

We need to know this data in order to:

contact you with updates about Mars Day 2024

share details of how to join the event

contact you via an email with information about Mars Day 2025 when it is planned

We will only collect personal data required to provide and oversee this service to you. You will not automatically receive marketing emails about other STEM Learning educational products and services, if you would like to receive these please sign up on our website.

What we do with it:

Your personal data will be shared with those involved in running Mars Day at ESERO-UK/STEM Learning.

We have systems in place to ensure secure processing of your personal data by ourselves and anyone whom it is shared with. All the personal data we process is done so by our staff in the UK however information may be hosted in the US.

How long we keep it:

The information collected from this survey will be destroyed after 2 years.

What your rights are:

You have the right to request a copy of the information that we hold about you. If you would like a copy of some or all of your personal information, please email or write to us. We want to make sure that your personal information is accurate and up to date. You may ask us to correct or remove information you think is inaccurate.

If you wish to raise a complaint on how we have handled your personal data please contact our Data Protection Officer who will investigate the matter. You can write to our Data Protection Officer at National STEM Learning Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD or email datasecurity@stem.org.uk

For our full privacy notice, please see link below:

https://www.stem.org.uk/privacy-policy

About the organiser

ESERO-UK, also known as the UK Space Education and Resource Office, aims to use the context of space to open doors for young people by delivering engaging, world-class teaching in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM).

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The next annual mission to Mars with ESA, the UK Space Agency, UK STEM Ambassadors and international guests is on the horizon!

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

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星座拼圖遊戲，自己玩又得，一齊鬥快又得

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星座拼圖遊戲，自己玩又得，一齊鬥快又得

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學習辨認星座及相對位置，有不同難度、提示、黃道星座、全天88星座等多個模式。

支援中英日等多種語言，均由專人翻譯，比自動翻譯準確易明。

https://sites.google.com/hokoon.edu.hk/pri-workshop-astro2024/Resources/Apps?authuser=0#h.b6truzz8w6dy

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工作坊學習資源 - 教學應用程式

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簡介 天文教學的相關應用程式 (Applications / Apps) 眾多，包括教學內容、模擬、測驗、遊戲等，無法一一試用和介紹。 以下只列出工作坊使用的平板電腦安裝的程式（免費版本） 及 網站。

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從太空視角到地球視角的黃道

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從太空視角到地球視角的黃道

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https://youtube.com/shorts/W-J2kue2ca8?si=FOrgT78Co72_orFC

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月面介紹的短片—格林威治博物館

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月面介紹的短片—格林威治博物館

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 Royal Museums Greenwich on Instagram: "🌑 Today is Lunar New Year, an important festival celebrated in China and across Asian cultures, which falls on the second new Moon after the winter solstice. 

🌑 To mark this occasion focused on the Moon, we’re looking at a lunar globe from the 1970s that we have in our collection.

🌑 What can it tell us about the surface of the Moon? Let’s take a closer look with Assistant Curator of Contemporary Maritime Aimee Mook, who explains why early astronomers thought there were seas on the Moon, how dark patches and craters on the Moon were formed, and which lunar features you can see with a pair of binoculars. 

#LunarNewYear #ChineseNewYear"

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172 likes, 4 comments - royalmuseumsgreenwich on February 10, 2024: "🌑 Today is Lunar New Year, an important festival celebrated in China and across Asian cultures..."

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View this post on Instagram

A post shared by Royal Museums Greenwich (@royalmuseumsgreenwich)

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龍年試下揸：龍飛船去太空站

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龍年試下揸：龍飛船去太空站

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https://www.facebook.com/share/p/nph8QdnMrrkuJDCz/

操作界面同真嘅一樣

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如果早前留意新聞，SLIM雖然軟著陸月面，但未能正確豎立。這個小遊戲讓玩家認識登陸月面的困難。

現時只有嫦娥系列達到100%成功軟著陸。

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SLIM : THE PINPOINT MOON LANDING GAME｜教育コンテンツ｜JAXA 宇宙教育センター

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[香港天文學會]2024天文現象

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[香港天文學會]2024天文現象

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當中包括太陽方位、黃道星座、行星運動 等太陽系天象都有較仔細的介紹和解釋，有助了解太陽系、天象觀測和規劃。

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6qFuG-w_JE

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【天文有得講】2024天文現象

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ZOOM講座[香港天文學會] 2024天文現象講座

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ZOOM講座[香港天文學會] 2024天文現象講座

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[香港天文學會] 2024天文現象講座

內容：有關2024年值得留意的天文現象

日期：2024年2月4日（星期日）

時間：下午3時至4時30分（香港時間）

講者：余甘楓先生　(香港天文學會會長)

形式：講座將通過Zoom視像會議軟件直播

以Zoom會議連結進入講座：

https://us06web.zoom.us/j/89398804208?pwd=yI3abCBNfEOOmV60OaTWjKmULM8r5g.1

會議ID: 893 9880 4208

密碼: 938957

(REF:20240204talk)

* 講座後設問答環節，請以Zoom 內建功能 “聊天(Chat / 私訊)” 和 “舉手 (Raise Hand)”方式發問

期待您的參與，謝謝。

香港天文學會

會務部

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https://pmqseed.org.hk/zh/online-resource/mars-game/?

認識火星環境的小遊戲

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小朋友曾否幻想自己某天可以成功移居火星？《移居火星隊》以問答遊戲方式讓小朋友透過回答選擇題，測試他們對火星的認識。如果小朋友能夠掌握對火星的資訊，或可為人類移居火星規劃更完善的居住環境！遊戲中的問題涉及數學和科學等範疇，讓小朋友有趣地增添對其他星球的認識。

Milk Design Limited

STICKYLINE

* Milk Design Limited
Milk Design 於1998年由香港資深產品設計師利志榮創立，從飛機餐具以至傢具，其設計圍繞一系列植根日常生活文化的產品，榮獲多項國際權威設計獎項。Milk Design團隊認為好的設計能夠體現同理心、批判性思考和設計思維，為日常生活和社會帶來創造力。

* STICKYLINE
紙藝設計單位Stickyline由設計師黎意雄（Soilworm Lai）與梁子程（Mic Leong）於2011年成立，創作著重平面與立體之間的解構及重整。二人以平面的紙張為基礎，透過摺與疊的方法，創作出大大小小的裝置作品。他們亦從事多個跨媒介的合作企劃，如裝置藝術、雕塑、舞台設計和櫥窗展示等。

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小朋友曾否幻想自己某天可以成功移居火星？《移居火星隊》以問答遊戲方式讓小朋友透過回答選擇題，測試他們對火星的認識。如果小朋友能夠掌握對火星的資訊，或可為人類移居火星規劃更完善的居住環境！遊戲中的問題涉及數學和科學等範疇，讓小朋友有趣地增添對其他星球的認識。 Milk Design Limited STICKYLINE * Milk Design Limited Milk Design 於1998年由香港資深產品設計師利志榮創立，從飛機餐具以至傢具，其設計圍繞一系列植根日常生活文化的產品，榮獲多項國際權威設計獎項。Milk Design團隊認為好的設計能夠體現同理心、批判性思考和設計思維，為日常生活和社會帶來創造力。 * STICKYLINE 紙藝設計單位Stickyline由設計師黎意雄（Soilworm Lai）與梁子程（Mic Leong）於2011年成立，創作著重平面與立體之間的解構及重整。二人以平面的紙張為基礎，透過摺與疊的方法，創作出大大小小的裝置作品。他們亦從事多個跨媒介的合作企劃，如裝置藝術、雕塑、舞台設計和櫥窗展示等。 Notice: JavaScript is required for this content.

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相信不少老師在常識科培訓時嘗試過用燈光和球體模擬月相變化，但用陽光照射模擬應該不多人試過。

如留言指出，影片同時示範了月球的自轉運動，但使用的球未有標示或月面地形，使效果不夠明顯。

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SLIMのピンポイント月面着陸成功、おめでとうございます！今晩は今年最初の満月でもありますので、思い切って月になりきってみました。太陽の高さが低いときに、球を持って楕円を走り回ると月の満ち欠けを再現できます。今は地球から少し離れているため小さめで、来月24日は今年最小の満月です。

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SLIMのピンポイント月面着陸成功、おめでとうございます！今晩は今年最初の満月でもありますので、思い切って月になりきってみました。太陽の高さが低いときに、球を持って楕円を走り回ると月の満ち欠けを再現できます。今は地球から少し離れているため小さめで、来月24日は今年最小の満月です。 https://t.co/OiWmb1cBwh

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SLIMのピンポイント月面着陸成功、おめでとうございます！今晩は今年最初の満月でもありますので、思い切って月になりきってみました。太陽の高さが低いときに、球を持って楕円を走り回ると月の満ち欠けを再現できます。今は地球から少し離れているため小さめで、来月24日は今年最小の満月です。 pic.twitter.com/OiWmb1cBwh
— 平塚市博物館【公式】 (@hirahaku_) January 25, 2024

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SLIMのピンポイント月面着陸成功、おめでとうございます！今晩は今年最初の満月でもありますので、思い切って月になりきってみました。太陽の高さが低いときに、球を持って楕円を走り回ると月の満ち欠けを再現できます。今は地球から少し離れているため小さめで、来月24日は今年最小の満月です。 https://t.co/OiWmb1cBwh

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.original_text
SLIMのピンポイント月面着陸成功、おめでとうございます！今晩は今年最初の満月でもありますので、思い切って月になりきってみました。太陽の高さが低いときに、球を持って楕円を走り回ると月の満ち欠けを再現できます。今は地球から少し離れているため小さめで、来月24日は今年最小の満月です。 https://t.co/OiWmb1cBwh

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SLIMのピンポイント月面着陸成功、おめでとうございます！今晩は今年最初の満月でもありますので、思い切って月になりきってみました。太陽の高さが低いときに、球を持って楕円を走り回ると月の満ち欠けを再現できます。今は地球から少し離れているため小さめで、来月24日は今年最小の満月です。

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學習資源網站持續更新，將會加入更多觀測方法及製作、活動規劃資源（包括 校內活動範本及個案分析） 、天文公園教學資源分享等。
歡迎瀏覽、分享、提問，討論及提供意見。

農曆新年期間，將分享一些有趣的影片和遊戲。

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Animated Map: Where to Find Water on Mars

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Animated Map: Where to Find Water on Mars

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https://licensing.visualcapitalist.com/product/animated-map-where-to-find-water-on-mars/

Both NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) have special instruments searching for water on the red planet. After 10 years of in-depth investigation, their latest findings suggest a new “water map” for Mars.

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圖片及影片分享（陸續更新）

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圖片及影片分享（陸續更新）

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https://sites.google.com/hokoon.edu.hk/pri-workshop-astro2024/Resources/media

資源網站內容持續增加及更新

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工作坊學習資源 - 媒體分享

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山與月的影子（半月的陽光照射）

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山與月的影子（半月的陽光照射）

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https://www.facebook.com/share/p/14pEU7xKn4/?mibextid=9R9pXO

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Log into Facebook to start sharing and connecting with your friends, family, and people you know.

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多謝大家參與！工作坊還在摸索中，需要再補足的地方歡迎大家提出、討論。

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各位老師有沒有望遠鏡 / 長焦鏡？

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各位老師有沒有望遠鏡 / 長焦鏡？

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我們準備了一些太陽濾膜讓大家現場裁剪，可以給望遠鏡/ 相機使用。事前度好望遠鏡/ 鏡頭口徑，星期六就可以按所需大小裁剪帶走了。

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre - 天文專頁

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點樣可以安全拍攝日食? 就係要為你既鏡頭DIY適用既濾光片， 製作好簡單其實人人都可以做到。

**********【多謝支持 已截止報名】************

之但係我知道專用嘅太陽濾光片坊間較難買到，如果你都想嘗試拍攝6.21九成日偏食既珍貴時刻，就要快啲Like我地page同埋喺下面留言喇。

如欲索取攝影用太陽濾光片，請留言...

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除了文字和插圖，想知更詳細可以click那些links看看。由於部分題目寫得未夠清晰，網頁上的字眼略為修改。

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2月3日星期六工作坊改期

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2月3日星期六工作坊改期

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各位老師：

由於香港天文台預報2月3日星期六至星期日多雲有雨，工作坊將改期至2月16日（星期五，初七）。
集合時間及地點不變，詳情更新將經電郵及Padlet發佈。

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周六(1 月 20 日)工作坊須知：

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周六(1 月 20 日)工作坊須知：

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1.  工作坊時間
第一節 14:30-17:30 、 第二節 18:30-21:30

當日工作坊第一節將於 14:30在可觀中心地下課室開始，預計太陽觀測時間*為15:45-17:00，視乎天氣*而定。
第二節將於18:30在地下課室開始，預計晚間觀測時間在19:00-21:00期間進行*，視乎天氣而定。

2. 問卷安排

本工作坊前後設有問卷調查，以了解 參加者的需要 及 工作坊的成效 。請參加者用約20-25分鐘，於工作坊前完成「工作坊前問卷」。

另外，此工作坊亦是本中心天文導師曾展鈞先生於香港教育大學的研究項目。
現誠邀各位參與是項研究，協助了解和改善教師在天文科學方面的教學和培訓，詳情請閱覽問卷內的「參與研究同意書」。
工作坊前問卷連結：見電郵內容

3. 器材使用

可觀中心將於工作提供所需的工具及觀測器材，包括iPad平板以操作應用程式及網上搜尋等使用。
如參加者想使用自已的平板電腦，可瀏覽下列學習資源網頁中的「教學應用程式」，預先安裝有關程式。

4. 教材分發

第一節登記時將派發工作坊相關教材，並準備約35cm高×30cm闊的布袋，供參加者提取。
部分教材將於網上發放，請瀏覽下列網頁。

工作坊學習資源網頁：https://sites.google.com/hokoon.edu.hk/pri-workshop-astro2024/

工作坊分享及討論區：https://padlet.com/btck2/hokoon_primary_astroworkshop

工作坊網頁：http://www.hokoon.edu.hk/courses/astronomy/2024primaryteacherworkshop/

資源及分享將按工作坊進度持續更新。歡迎分享意見交流。

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1. 有關 2024 年 1 月 20 日課堂之安排：
- 請自行乘搭交通工具前往本中心上課，有關的前往本中心的交通資訊可瀏覽以下網頁：  http://www.hokoon.edu.hk/contact-us/
- 請自備晚膳（ 本中心沒有鄰近餐廳及飲食售賣，自動售賣機只有少量小食及凍飲供應。本中心可提供冷熱飲用水，請自備水壺使用。）#。
-由於工作坊會進行戶外活動 及 室內的星象館蓆地而坐，建議穿著方便活動的服裝。

2. 留意天氣情況，本中心及戶外課堂時氣溫會較涼，如有需要請自備禦寒衣物。

3. 天氣狀況對天文觀星有很大的影響，故倘遇天氣未如理想而不適宜觀星，或教育局公佈所有學校停課時，郊外觀星考察將延期。

* 預料日夜溫差較大，宜先參考香港天文台天氣預報及分區天氣中「荃灣可觀」準備合適衣著，以適應天氣變化。
# 建議自備餐具，減少使用即棄用品，從源頭減廢。如有需要，可向本中心職員聯絡。

Hope for the Clear Sky!!

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請於工作坊前完成「工作坊前問卷」

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請於工作坊前完成「工作坊前問卷」

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https://forms.gle/op2AjUkMxnAferds7

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2024小學教師天文工作坊 - 工作坊前問卷

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 教師天文培訓 - 2024小學教師天文工作坊 香港教育大學 課程與教學學系 透過體驗式學習工作坊 提升小學教師進行天文教學能力的行動研究 為核對工作坊前後問卷 及 同意書(如需要)，請輸入已登記的電郵地址。

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http://www.hokoon.edu.hk/ast/stargaze/2024skyevents_es/

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嗇色園主辦可觀自然教育中心暨天文館 - 嗇色園主辦的可觀自然教育中心暨天文館，自1995年落成以後，便肩負起推行郊野研習及天文教育的重大使命。天文是一個可供無限探索的領域，莘莘學子能在廣漠深邃的宇宙空間裡遨翔馳騁，體會人與天的密切關係，對橫向的思想發展有極大幫助；在欣賞及觀測天象之餘，亦會引入其他學科常識，兼顧了縱向知識的擴大。至於涵蓋了生物及地理科郊野研習的自然教育，則關乎人與環境的一種學問，使學生們掌握生存的命脈和萬物變化的規律，從而瞭解到人與地怎樣和諧共處，締造美好生活。天文與自然教育，融匯了天與地的知識，使學生不單對於地上萬物有一定的認識，也能同時渴求追溯宇宙的奧秘，從而達到「可觀」期望的天、地、人合一理念。這種超然嶄新的思維，使學生得到教科以外的知識之餘，亦擴闊了他們學習的領域與層面，無論在多元智能的培育及高階思維的訓練上，均達到非常理想的果效。

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1. 不可用閃光燈拍照，更切勿用電筒照向別人眼睛、相機或望遠鏡
人的瞳孔會在黑暗中擴張，如果突然以強光照射眼睛，不但令人感到不適，更會使人看不見較暗的星星和路面。夜空中暗弱的天體需要以長時間曝光來拍攝，使用閃光燈不單絕對無效，更會影響他人。

2. 使用紅色電筒照明
觀星時用紅色電筒照明。人眼對紅光較不敏感，在不明亮的紅光下瞳孔仍會保持擴張，因此在照明時請使用紅色的小燈，或用紅色玻璃紙/紅布/膠袋覆蓋電筒，令電筒發出來的光變成紅色，簡單有效。

3. 避免踢到天文望遠鏡及相機腳架
觀星環境比較黑暗，應該小心行動，以免絆倒或踢動天文望遠鏡及相機腳架。攝影者應小心看管儀器，亦可考慮在腳架加上反光或發光標記，讓別人避免碰到。

4. 注意聲浪 切勿喧嘩
流星飛過讓大家驚喜歡呼，但交談聲浪不應影響別人及導師講解。

5. 切勿生火或吸煙
火光影響觀星，熱空氣流動令星光擺動不定，煙霧阻擋星光，對觀星或攝影有害無益。
6. 保持地方清潔 帶走垃圾拋棄或回收

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從基礎開始的學習資源 - 宇宙的本質

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從基礎開始的學習資源 - 宇宙的本質

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https://hk.space.museum/archive/EducationResource/Universe/framed_c/lecture/lecture.html

有系統學習天文知識的網站，內容比較簡短。

又是太空館舊網站的內容，要透過輸入網址或搜尋進入，新網站並無顯示連結。