# data[].attributes.body
Syntax indicates the rules that determine the order and structure of words in a sentence to convey the meaning of a word.

Understanding the rules and importance of syntax will help ELLs form sentences that are grammatically correct. Students will be able to generate complex ideas through reading, writing, and speaking!

(Syntax in the Classroom, n.d.)

# data[].attributes.body
Semantics is the study of meaning in language that explains how words, sentences, and short phrases conveys meaning.

It is important to understand how semantics help ELLs understand the meaning of words and figurative language. This plays a crucial role in vocabulary development, student discourse, and even reading comprehension.

(Semantics in the Classroom, n.d.)

# data[].attributes.body
Pragmatics is the study of how language is used in social context appropriately.

Pragmatics is the key to help English Language learners understand mood and tone of communication. This allows them to understand how to communicate politely and help build confidence. Students will be able to communicate in group settings and have enriched discussions.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Sentence Scrambles: Educators will provide a bag with different words cut up. Students are to arrange the words to make a correct sentence.

Differentiation: Beginners can use different visual cues and sentence frames. Advanced English Language learners can create their own sentences, cut up the words, and cut and paste them into a correct order.

2. Verb Tense Consistency: Students will have awareness on what verbs are and how they effect a sentence. It teaches students when and what verb action. Students will have to identify the verb and place it into the correct verb tense.

Differentiation: Beginners will start with identifying what a verb is and provide different examples from the sentences. Advanced learners will highlight the verb and place the verb into the correct category.

3. Pictionary: Students will be shown a picture and they will need to describe what they see using complete sentences, only focusing on the order of the words in the sentence.

Differentiation: Beginners will use sentence frames (I see... or I noticed...) and advanced learners will add different phrases and clauses to make a more complex sentence.

4. Story Chain Sentences: Students will be working in pairs to build a story. Writing step by step, students will complete one sentence at a time.

Differentiation: Beginners will use sentence frames to fill in the blank for their sentences. Advanced ELLs will start adding transition words to connect their sentences.

(Syntax in the Classroom, n.d.)

# data[].attributes.body
Great TED Talks for language practice | TED Talks. (2018). Ted.com; TED Talks. https://www.ted.com/playlists/655/great_ted_talks_for_language_practice

Hilliard, A. (2017). Twelve Activities for Teaching the Pragmatics of Complaining to L2 Learners. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1137786.pdf

Rosetta Stone. (2019). Official Rosetta Stone® - Language Learning - Learn a Language. Rosettastone.com. https://www.rosettastone.com/

Russell, C. (2018). Linguistics for Teachers of English Linguistics for Teachers of English. https://newprairiepress.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1023&context=ebooks

Semantics in the Classroom. (n.d.). Linguistics  for Teachers of ELLs. https://linguisticsforteachersofells.weebly.com/semantics-in-the-classroom.html

Students’ Problems in Semantic Meaning Analysis of Literary Works in English Handbooks. (2022). Tamaddun, 20(1), 46-55. https://doi.org/10.33096/tamaddun.v20i1.88

Swan, M. (n.d.). Practical English Usage Fully Revised International Edition • complete topic-by-topic grammar • guide to over 250 vocabulary problems. https://fresh-teacher.github.io/s4/Practical-English-Usage%20by%20Michael%20swan.pdf

Syntax in the Classroom. (n.d.). Linguistics  for Teachers of ELLs. https://linguisticsforteachersofells.weebly.com/syntax-in-the-classroom.html

# data[].attributes.body
Kids and families can enroll in learning English to learn proper English and grammatical rules. There are games, listen and watch, read and write, and even speaking and spelling! It teaches students to learn to read, spell, and speak properly while learning a language.

Link

https://learnenglishkids.britishcouncil.org/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
LearnEnglish Kids is brought to you by the British Council, the world's English teaching experts. We have lots of free online games, songs, stories and activities for children. For parents, we have articles on supporting children in learning English, videos on using English at home and information about English courses for your child.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Word Maps: Vocabulary word maps is a great way to expose students to creating a definition, example, and picture.

Differentiation: Beginners will focus on visuals and a simple definition. Advanced ELLs will add their own example using the vocabulary word.

2. Cognates: Students will be given a short story in English to read. Students will analyze and identify cognates. It teaches students to understand word meanings in different languages.

Differentiation: Beginners will work with the teacher and review the story and highlight cognates together. Advanced learners will highlight cognates and define the word meaning.

3. Same or Different Word Meaning sort: Students will have different sets of sentences. The sentences are in different orders switching up the meaning. Students will have to identify if the sentences are the same or different with a partner.

Differentiation: Beginners will use visual cues instead of sentences and advanced ELLs will will explain or write how the word order changes the meaning.

4. Multiple Meaning Mash UP: Students will have multiple words that have multiple meanings. Students will have to read a sentence and choose the correct word meaning to make the sentence true. For example, "park, show, reflection are different types of examples.

Differentiation: Beginners will have sentence strips with visual examples and they will circle the correct form of use. Advanced ELLs will complete the activity and explain using a whiteboard how the words are different.

(Semantics in the Classroom, n.d.)

# data[].attributes.body
1. Role Play: Students will act out different situations that happen at school. For example, how to ask for help, greeting classmates and teachers, apologizing, reflecting from an incident.

Differentiation: Beginners will use sentence frames and cues while advanced ELL's will generate their own scenarios.

2. Etiquette Practice: Students will write a letter to a student and a letter to an adult to see the difference between social communication.

Differentiation: Beginners will use sentence frames and teacher support while advanced ELL's will generate their own letter. They will formulate different letters to different audiences.

3. Story Retelling: Students will retell a short story and learn to adjust their tone while they are talking to a different audience.

Differentiation: Beginners will use simple words or short phrases while advanced ELL's will focus on their tone and purpose of the message.

4. Cultural Norm Comparison: Using a Venn-Diagram, students will compare and contrast how greetings and expressions are different across different cultures.

Differentiation: Beginners will use visuals and video clips to explain the difference while advanced ELL's fill out the graphic organizer and reflect.

(Hilliard, 2017)

# data[].attributes.body
Rosetta Stone: Students can enroll in Rosetta Stone to gather more knowledge on the language they are acquiring. Students look at a variety of pictures, speak, and type to help them understand the language more. Learners are exposed to to new words and phrases as well as comprehension. I love that students can see different visuals, translations, and have repetition provided.

Link: https://www.rosettastone.com/buy/special-offer-179/?gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=13431782071&gbraid=0AAAAAD4THULr17UCuHqTU4NJMMwiqbLj-&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI_eaYscCnkAMV-6EiBR3FawVmEAAYASAAEgJZ3PD_BwE

(Rosetta Stone, 2019)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Learn Unlimited Languages on any device, anywhere, the best way to learn a language online. Buy Rosetta Stone Unlimited Languages.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Book #1: Carol Russell Linguistics for Teachers of English Language Learners

(Russell, 2018)

2. Book #2: Practice English Usage by Michael Swan

Swan, M. (n.d.)

3. Article: Students' Problems in Semantic Meaning Analysis of Literary Works in English (Students' Problems in Semantic Meaning Analysis of Literary Works in English Handbooks, 2022).

4. Video: TedTalk for Language Practice (Great TED Talks for Language Practice | TED Talks, 2018)

5. Podcast: The Teaching Toolbox for ELL Students

(Ferlazzo, 2025)