# data[].attributes.body
Class- beta-lactan, penicillan
MOA-inhibits synthesis of the cell wall, binding proteins
Indication- bacteria infections broad spectrum antibiotic
Drug interaction- hypertensives
vaccines for cholera and typoid
S&S Allergic reactions, GI upset, angio odema, hypertension, diarrhea
Nursing= give oral preparations only, is patient taking hypertensives,

# data[].attributes.body
Gentamicin - It is a antibacterial drug.
CLASS - Aminoglycoside antibiotics.
MOA- Inhibit protein synthesis in the bacterial cell by interfering with the smaller ribosomal subunit 30S and causing cell membrane damage.
Indications- Eye infection
serious infection like GI infection.
Drug interaction- vancomycin, ibuprofen.
Sign and symptoms- Nausea
vomiting
headache
fever
joint pain
hearing loss
Risk-
high frequency
hearing loss (tinnitus)
kidney failure.
Nursing consideration
avoid long term use
Monitor signs of hypersensitivity reactions

# data[].attributes.body
MOA: Act on opioid receptors in CNS and GIT, producing analgesia

Indictation for use: Acute or chronic mild, moderate to severe pain

Drug - drug interactions:

antibiotics, like clarithromycin

Azole antifungals ketoconazole

Medications that contain ritonav

medications that block the enzymes that metabolize oxycodone, you may have higher oxycodone levels in your body

sedative-like medications, benzodiazepines  are medications that slow down brain activity. These medications can cause drowsiness, forgetfulness, and coordination changes.

Signs & symptoms:

How do these medications cause risk: respiratory depression, hypotension and constipation

How do we prevent, identify or manage risk/nursing considerations:
Assessment of sedation and associated side effects.

# data[].attributes.body
Amoxicillin
Class:
MOA:
Indictation for use:
Drug - drug interactions:
Signs & symptoms:
How do these medications cause risk:
How do we prevent, identify or manage risk/nursing considerations:

# data[].attributes.body
Gentamicin
Class:
MOA:
Indictation for use:
Drug - drug interactions:
Signs & symptoms:
How do these medications cause risk:
How do we prevent, identify or manage risk/nursing considerations:

# data[].attributes.body
Erythromycin
Class: Macrolides
MOA: Protein synthesis by binding to the 23S ribosome molecules in the 50S subunit.
Indications for use:
- Upper and lower respiratory tract infections.
- Rheumatic Fever prophylaxis.
- Skin infections
- Whooping cough
- Acne
Drug-drug interactions: Use with some statins is contraindicated (simvastatin, atorvastatin).
- Antihistamines (domperidone)
Signs & symptoms: Diarrhoea, vomiting, fainting (hypotention), difficulty hearing, allergic reaction, hallucinations, candidal infections (thrush), renal impairment.
How do these medications cause risk: If infused too quickly, it can cause
- impairment can lead to an increased risk of arrhythmias.
- poor appetite
- SOB
- Yellowing of the eyes and skin.
- Contraindications breastfeeding.
How do we prevent, identify or manage risk/nursing considerations: Closely monitor the patient during infusion, regular obs, liver function tests, MSU, monitor GI symptoms- (bowel chart, anti-emetics), ECG (prior to starting/ after meds complete).

# data[].attributes.body
antimicrobial resistance happens when bacteria change or mutate and become less sensitive to an antibiotics
The roles and responsibilities of the registered nurse within the Health Care Team in relation to preventing and managing antimicrobial resistance.
·       helping to reduce unnecessary and inappropriate antibiotic use

·       promoting and practising good infection control

·       educating patients and the general public on the issue of AMR and the things that people can do to prevent it getting worse.

·       promoting and practising standard prevention precautions including hand washing and other infection control measures

# data[].attributes.body
1. Can you explain what is antimicrobial resistance in your own words?
Happens when the germs like bacteria learn to fight off the drugs that are meant to be killing them.

2. What is the RN's role within the multidisciplinary team in preventing it?
- Education on the importance of completing the prescribed dose & how to take medication.
- Recognise when symptoms are present.
- Learn to recgonise when a drug is resistant.

3. What strategies could the nurse provide Nita to help her prevent the spread of infection on the ward and at home?
- Washing hands
- Education
- Keeping environment & self clean

# data[].attributes.body
Cefazolin

Class: beta- lactams.

MOA: interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis resulting in cell wall rupture and death of the cell.

Indictation for use:
- Staphylococcal and streptococcal infections in people with mild-to-moderate penicillin allergy.
- Surgical prophylaxis

- UTI

Drug - drug interactions / How do these medications cause risk:
*Remember: Beta-lactams will deactivate the Aminoglycides if given together.
Warfarin: increase the effects of Wafarin and may cause the pt. to bleed more easily. S/S: Bruising, bleeding, dizziness, etc.

Signs & symptoms:
Diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, pain and inflammation at injection site, rash, headache, dizziness, allergy.

How do we prevent, identify or manage risk/nursing considerations:
- Rapid IV administration of large doses may result in seizures, especially if inappropriately high doses are used in renal impairment.
- Monitor renal functions.

# data[].attributes.body
Antimicrobial Resistance: occurs when bacteria/germs develop mutants which give them the ability to continue growing and not be killed off/neutralised.

What is the RN's role within the multi-disciplinary team in preventing anti-microbial resistance?
- Ensure pt's are educated on how to take their medication correctly, ensure they finish the medication round and refrain from giving others their leftover medications.

What strategies could the nurse provide Nita to help her prevent the spread of infection on the ward and at home?
- Educate Nita on adequate hygiene and sanitary practices (e.g., Wash hands thoroughly).

# data[].attributes.body
Gentamicin has been written up as a variable dose.
1. What is the purpose of variable dosed medication?
2. How do we calculate the dose for the gentamicin?

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
What would they be for this medication chart?

# data[].attributes.headline
Significant risks / drug-drug interactions???

# data[].attributes.subject
Significant risks / drug-drug interactions???

# data[].attributes.body
How / why does it occur?
What are they and what signs and symptoms would we see?
What do we as nurses do;
- prevent and/ or manage these?

# data[].attributes.body
Note: Always consider:
Is there anything in the patient's condition/ past history that may increase the risks?

# data[].attributes.headline
Compare and contrast the mode of action of the drug classes

# data[].attributes.subject
Compare and contrast the mode of action of the drug classes

# data[].attributes.body
Did you find a simpler way to describe them?
Could you say in your own words what they are?
Did you need to go and look them up again? Do you need to rethink your explanation into your own words?

# data[].attributes.body
1. Can you explain what is antimicrobial resistance in your own words?
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change over time and no longer respond to medicines making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death.
2. What is the RN's role within the multidisciplinary team in preventing it?
3. What strategies could the nurse provide Nita to help her prevent the spread of infection on the ward and at home?