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When thinking of key terms dehumanization immediately came to mind. We have talked in class a lot about dehumanization and how that causes many bad things to occur in our society. I think the most prevelant in this circumstances is ignoring the AIDS epidemic. Ignoring this caused so many long lasting effects on our society.

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You can see a more extreme example of collective action in the Stonewall Riots. There was much violence in this and it sparked the start of the gay rights movement. The Stonewall Riots are also an example of a problem because of the violence it caused.

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You can see regulation of sexuality in the timeline. In 1948, President Truman banned all members of the LGBTQIA+ community from serving in the military and in 1953 also banned them from holding government jobs.

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Regulating sexuality has been a process in the US since the US first came to be in 1776. However, because being a member of the LGBTQ+ community was so heavily scrutinized, legislation regarding the regulating of sexuality did not come to be until 1948, because people really did not reveal their sexualities back then. In 1948 any gay, lesbian or bisexual person were banned from joining the military. Then, in 1953, gay, lesbian and bisexual people were banned from working in government. Though there has been significant progress since those times, it was still only 3 years ago that LGBTQ+ employees were finally legally protected in the workplace. To this day members of the LGBTQ+ community fight for equality, and although they have come very far, there is still a long way to go until that goal of equality is achieved.

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Collective Action is when a group of individuals all have a common goal to set out and change. This is usually people wanting a change in laws or the way they are perceived. This helps people to not be alone in what they believe in and what needs to be changed. Some problems that arise is that there will more than likely be a counter collective action where individuals who do not believe there should be change gather and speak their mind.

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I see a big connection to dehumanization. To better explain my point I'm going to generalize a little bit here. It seems like any time there is any difference in a group or belief or whatever, humans will dehumanize each other in an effort to justify actions, especially when we don't understand something. So since gay relationships or marriage or even gay people is something people don't understand they tend to dehumanize it and act in selfish interests rather than go off of the 8 key principles we discussed. No one is expected to act upon those 8 principles all the time, but when we feel the need to justify something rather than behest and realize what we're doing is wrong, we dehumanize. I would even go as far to say we dehumanize ourselves when we do that because now since we dehumanized someone else, what does that make us?

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Collective action is when a group of people with a common interest band together to achieve a certain goal or outcome. The. biggest and probably most common example would be protests and activism. For example the AIDS crisis, since the government decided to essentially ignore the problem the gay community came together to bring attention to it. This in turn created support groups and finally gained the traction, support, and most importantly funding that it desperately needed.

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The regulation of sexuality can be seen numerous times throughout history. Strangely enough with Truman's executive order to restrict who could enlist in the military. While I understand at the time it wasn't socially accepted to be gay, lesbian, or bisexual it seems like an odd move in my eyes considering that regardless of the treatment they could receive some people still wanted to enlist and fight. Anyone who is willing to lay down their lives for the sake of others shouldn't be disrespected and even dishonored by saying they can't serve because of a simple preference.

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One key important theme that ties into our class material for Politics in Diversity is dehumanization. I say this because of how the LGBTQ+ community is treated back in the day and especially in the world we live in today.

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I thought of the connection between Sexuality and the theme of diversity in our class. We have to understand that there is diversity in everything, including sexuality. Heterosexuality may be considered the status quo, but that does not mean we cannot allow other forms of sexuality whether it is homosexuality, pansexual, asexuality, etc. We do not have to participate in forms of sexuality we are not comfortable with, but we should not make others feel uncomfortable with those "other" forms.

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The most obvious connection is to the concept of dehumanization. As, throughout the timeline, examples of the LGBTQ+ community being dehumanized is a reliable staple. To treat a person, never mind an entire community, with utter disdain and disregard is to dehumanize them entirely. This is what we've been shown, time and time again, is what has has happened to the LGBTQ+ community for centuries. And, like many other  marginalized groups, this discrimination (the effects of discriminations past) is still felt today.

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Collective action is highlighted blindingly through much of the gay rights movement. Particularly, through the 1955 Daughters of Bilitis. The very first lesbian group, based out of San Francisco, the Daughters "hosted social functions" and "provided alternatives to the lesbians bars which were frequently raided by police." Going as far as to "publish their magazine called The Ladder."

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A clear example of regulation can be seen in 1948, with the outright ban of gay, lesbians, and bisexuals from the military. And again, in 1953, with the ban of gays, lesbians, and bisexuals from working in the government. Even more progressive orders, like the recent ruling in 2016 lifting the ban on transgender soldiers, are still examples of "regulation".

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The most obvious tie to a discussion or key idea we had in class is dehumanization. Dehumanization is the act of treating or classifying a person or groups of people as less than human. To ignore the aids epidemic, or denying a persons freedom due to their sexuality is a clear example of treating them as less than human because they're not being afforded the same personal freedoms that others are.

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The regulation of sexuality in the timeline can be seen beginning with President Truman's executive order which prohibited any gay, lesbian, or bisexual members of society from serving in the U.S. military. After long we see the largest win for LGBT members of society when gay marriage is legalized in all 50 states in 2015.

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While the Christian origins of the country regulated sexuality from the start, official legislation about sexuality began with the Executive order of 1948. This order completely banned any lesbian, gay or bisexual people from serving in the armed forces. It also criminalized any lesbian, gay or bisexual relations and intimacy. These executive orders and regulation of sexuality continues until 1996. In 1994 President Clinton signed the "Don't ask, Don't tell" bill, allowing lesbian, gay and bisexual people to serve as long as they keep their sexuality disclosed. Two years later he signs the "DOMA Bill", defining marriage as a union only between one man and one women. LGBT+ workers weren't even legally protected in the workplace until 2020. Even outside the law, sexuality is constantly being regulated. Society has been and maybe still is very heteronormative. While it's not to the same degree as it once was, I feel like the regulation of sexuality can come from inside the community as well.

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Protests signal the need of necessities and unfair treatment. The LGBT campaign one where the unfair treatment was experienced and still is today. Considering the lavender scare, whether you were gay, lesbian, or bisexual, you were presumed as a mentally-ill with the possibility of infecting others. Not only is this idea dehumanizing, but in this unlawful action of letting go over 4000 workers, the government goes against the equal opportunities for people of the nation. Judged off their sexuality, the social construction being represented speaks on the idea of the U.S. standing on cisgender relationships, all others can be dismissed. This type of idea creates behavior shown in the Stonewall riots, but also disregards the necessities of the LGBT community.

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The regulation on sexuality has produced moments of collective action, an action taken by a sum of people for mutual results. An example from LGBT's journey is the Daughter of Bilits association. Consisting of lesbian members who were seeking calmness from the polices raids on lesbian bars, the association came as a response from the discrimination lesbians faced.

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The post presents the timeline beginning in 1948, an absolute ban on enlistment from gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals in the military. Within the next 15 years, further legislation is passed and banned the same individuals from working in the government and themselves considered mentally-ill, no other reason than their sexual preference. In response towards the marginalization occuring in, the government is met with protests on the basis of recognition and proper treatment.

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The regulation of sexuality is seen throughout the timeline. In 1948, President Truman banned all gay, lesbian, and bisexual people from joining the military, then banned them from working in the government in 1953. By 1961, all states had outlawed same-sex marriage. Other groups came forward afterward to try and villainize homosexuals. It was believed that these people were untrustworthy and mentally ill. Their love was deemed "unnatural", and "traditional" beliefs allowed society to restrict sexuality on all levels. Gay men could be prosecuted for participating in same-sex intimacy. Therefore, the LGBTQ+ community was forced to hide for many years out of fear for their lives. Many were scared to become themselves, and had to hide from everyone they knew. When the gay rights movement began, activists were met with government forces and societal violence. It was not only the regulation conducted by the government, but the societal beliefs and practices that restricted LGBTQ+ people from equality.

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The largest connection I can make to our course is the theme of dehumanization. Looking at past events it is fairly clear to see many different instances of dehumanization against the lgbtq community. We saw them for years being barred for serving their country for the sole reason of their sexuality. We have seen them called mentally ill in the past claiming their lives were something that needed cured. We have seen the government turn a blind eye to the rising aids crisis. Even though this is not direct action I see their actions as enough of a reason to say their actions would have been different if these people were not part of the lgbtq community.

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Collective action can best be defined as an action undertaken by a group generally requiring cooperation. When looking to the past a good example could be seen in mattachine society. This was a group formed in the 1950s by Harry Hay, the group's goal was to protect gay men from the discriminatory laws at the time. A collective action problem is a problem that people would be better off facing together. I see this in how the lgbtq community came together in the AIDS crisis. With a massive problem like a disease that is killing yet the government is seemingly ignoring it, one person is not going to be enough. By coming together in a group and facing this problem they were able to bring more awareness as well as research.

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Sexuality is something that when looking to the timeline has been regulated in the past. A few examples include order 9981 from President Truman which banned any gay lesbian or bisexual individuals from serving in the United States military. Persecution against lgbtq individuals continued in the U.S military in a pattern up until the modern day. However it is important to acknowledge that not all regulation of sexuality has been negative. We have seen the U.S supreme court issue a few rulings regarding sexuality. The largest being the ruling in Obergefell V Hodges where it was ruled the 14th amendment covered same sex marriages. Even recently president biden announced a reversal on a ban that was in place barring transgender people from the military.

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one of our key themes is Dehumanization.  dehumanization is to deny human treatment to someone and give them subhuman treatment. Such treatment can be doled out to an individual or a group. The offender can be a single person or group victimizing fellow humans. The individuality of the victims is ignored, and so are the highly developed cognitive abilities mentioned earlier. Along with these, the victims are shown no compassion. They have to face violence and oppression and are subjected to various cruelties and indignities.

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Throughout the timeline, sexuality has been regulated numerous times. Same sex intimacy, for example, was ruled illegal by the supreme court in 1986's Bowers v. Hardwick (which was later overruled in another court case in 2003). The court determined that sodomy could only be protected by the constitution if it was between a man and a woman. In addition to regulating hyper-personal activities, those who identified as LGBT (specifically gay, lesbian, and bisexual) were barred from the military in 1948 with Executive Order 9981.

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I see the regulation of sexuality in various points across the timeline. The first instance is in 1948 with the Executive Order 9981 which barred gay, lesbian and bisexual people from joining the United States military. The other important instance of regulation comes from 1953 in the form of Executive Order 10450. This order barred gay individuals from obtaining a position in the federal government, as well as any of the private contractors the government worked with.

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The key theme I see is dehumanization. Those who are against the LGBTQ+ community typically treat those belonging to that community very harshly. Some think that the LGBTQ+ community should have their rights taken away and should be put into facilities to rehabilitate them. This is so dehumanizing. Their sexuality should not be seen as a mental illness. They are still humans and deserve their rights. Treating these people as less than human is unethical. Their born right should not be taken away just because they are associated with the LGBTQ+ community. It is degrading and dehumanizing.

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Joslyn Haughey                                                          

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Joslyn Haughey                                                          

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One of our important themes is dehumanization (universal humanity. In the context of LGBTQ+ rights and history, there are a lot of examples of dehumanization. One example that struck me was the addition into the DSM-5 of homosexuality being a sociopathic disease/disorder. Homosexual people were placed into the same category as emotionless killers, which is extremely horrible. In addition to this and the extreme violence that has always been apart of history when it comes to members of the LGBTQ+ community, there was the executive order 9981, which disallowed people who were LGBTQ from being in the military and The Lavender Scare which excluded of them from positions of government on the basis of them being safety concerns. Both situations completely disregarded their feelings, placed them into horrible and degrading categories, and labelled them as less than those who were not apart of the LGBTQ+ community. Throughout history, those of the LGBTQ+ community have been made to feel ostracized, excluded from protection, subjected to violence and raids throwing them out of bars, and excluded from the same rights as their heterosexual counterparts.

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We see regulation of sexuality enacted by law enforcement and courts. Law enforcement interfered in the Stonewall riots. In Bowers v Hardwick, the SCOTUS upheld Georgia's anti-sodomy laws.

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regulation of sexuality has had many changes in law and social attitudes over the years. like how the start of the 2000s slowly same-sex marriage was legalized and changed regulations of marriage. and with more social media there were lots of negatives and positives but more positives. its much better now for the lgbtq+ community that they can be more comfortable and welcomed now rather than how it was back then.

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Lgbt existed long before we started calling it lgbt. It is said in Rome and Greece had paintings of those relationships.

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Throughout the timeline, we can see how sexuality was regulated, especially in 1948 with the Executive Order 9981. This executive order had to do with over 4380 gay men and women who were discharged from the military as well as 500 being fired from their government jobs. This order was issued by President Truman and it was due to the fact that gay men and women were seen as a threat to the overall trust and effectiveness of the military and other government facilities. However, as the timeline continues on, society becomes a lot more accepting of sexuality and a lot more open to having conversations centered around sex and sexuality.

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Regulation of sexuality is not as prevalent right now as it was further into history since now people are accepting of all sexualities. In 2015 gay marriage was legalized and changed a lot of things for the regulation of sexuality. Now the regulation of sexuality is prevalent because people still argue to get the right of gay marriage taken away. People a part of the LGBTQ community are widely supported and more safe now than they were in the past, allowing there to me more expression of it now.

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A strong connection I see is to our theme of universal humanity. Many people who argue against LGBTQ+ individuals will use dehumanization (for instance when one would say it's against nature or abnormal). This can also be seen when the DSM categorized homosexuality as a mental illness - queer folks are just normal people, and categorizing it as a mental illness is incredibly dehumanizing.

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Collective action is when a group of people  band together to make a big difference. We can see collective action in the many protests on either sides of current arguments. Some collective action problems are when people grow apathetic, thinking that they alone aren't enough to make a change so they don't do anything at all. When many people think that way, of course nothing would be changed!

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I see regulation of sexuality in our current timeline with much of the recent proposed legislature. There was the don't say gay bill in Florida, which would limit educators abilities to talk about their same sex partner while in the classroom, as well as the recent anti-drag laws in Tennessee.

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There has been a significant amount of dehumanization of LGBTQ+ people over the course of American history. Over the course of a few years, following the Lavender Scare purging them from the military, gay people were barred from the military, the government, and government contractors due to prejudiced conceptions of them as inherently untrustworthy, incompetent, and mentally ill security risks. It wasn't until 2020 that SCOTUS ruled that the 1964 Civil Rights Act protected gay and trans workers from job discrimination. Matlovich was famously dishonorably discharged from the military for coming out as gay in 1975. The Reagan administration thought that the AIDS crisis was laughable because it was disproportionately affecting gay men; many people viewed it as a righteous punishment from god and thought everyone dying deserved no intervention or help. "Sodomy" between consenting adult men was not considered to be a right, but it was fine for hetero couples; gay people were only allowed into the military if they hid their sexuality; DOMA was meant to "defend" the institution of marriage from gay people; and the Hate Crimes Prevention Act came almost a decade after the hate crimes that inspired it. Even now, the ability of trans people to serve in the military seems up to the whims of whoever the president is. If Trump wins in 2024, it could very well be reversed again.

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I believe we have come along way from where we once were in history. For example, a government document from 1950 stated that employing “homosexuals and other sex perverts” to the workforce was a threat against national security. Now today across numerous states in our nation people of the LGBTQ+ community are protected. Showing that learning from history and realizing our wrongs can allow us to move forward in the right directiob

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There are many instances of regulation of sexuality throughout the timeline. In 1924, when The Society For Human Rights group was formed, it wasn't long after being founded that the group felt the need to disband due to political pressure. Later on in 1948, thousands of gay men and women were discharged from military, and hundreds fired from their jobs. This was extremely controlling. In addition to discharging these people, an executive order was given out that barred gay, lesbian, and bisexual people from joining the military.

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Collective action referring to the action being taken together by a group of people. For example The AIDS crisis: In the 1980s, the gay community faced a devastating health crisis with the outbreak of AIDS. The government's slow response and lack of funding for research and treatment led to widespread protests and activism by the gay community, which ultimately helped to bring attention to the issue and secure funding for research and treatment.

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The terms like gay, bisexual, lesbian, and other terms like them had excited before they became these defined terms. They go all the way back centuries, but in our world today they have been recognized as legit terms.

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The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) was passed not even 30 years ago. This act made it so the federal government would not recognize marriage between people of the same sex.

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The connection that I see the most is to dehumanization. We have talked about dehumanization in our class with our previous units but I feel as though it fits perfect when talking about sexuality and the fight that LGBTQ+ people are currently in today. There are many people that only see hetrosexual humans as people deserving of rights and positions of government due to the controversy surrounding it. Not to mention the violence that these people expierence every day just because of their gender/sexual orientation. There are people in government positions currently that believe transgenderism is a disease such as Candace Owen. Treating someone as a "disease" because of the way they choose to express themselves is making that person feel less of a human which is one of the big topics we talk about in this class.

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In the whole world's timeline, there has always been regulation of sexuality, though it seems to vary extensively depending on the cultural beliefs of both the place and time. Some cultures have always loosely regulated it if at all, whereas others have always been very strict about sexuality, and even condescending or discriminatory toward those who deviate from social norms. While many societies have recently become more accepting of varying sexualities, the United States' timeline is an interesting case because our demographics include people from both cultures and ways of thinking. Whereas on a global scale, some cultures are likely to never deviate from their traditional beliefs regarding sexuality, the United States has seen frequent change in both cultural influence, and regulation of sexuality. This has taken time though, and because the country experiences immigration in waves, some of these groups have traditionally opposed loosening both legal regulation of sexuality, and society's regulations towards sexuality.

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I see collective action occurring the most in the gay rights movement. A specific example of a problem in collective action was what happened with the stonewall raids. However following the stonewall raids, it almost allowed for people to join the movement becoming allies to support peoples fight for gay rights.

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There is a lot of regulation of sexuality on the timeline, starting with President Truman's executive order 9981, which barred lesbian, gay, and bisexual people from the armed forces. Later on there are several laws and executive orders passed which seek to either ban LGBT individuals from serving in the military, from marrying, from being intimate with one another, or from even working in the federal government. In the 21st century however, we begin to see a decline in this regulation when many of these regulations are either struck down by the Supreme Court as unconstitutional, or reversed through legislative or executive actions, like most recently when the Respect for Marriage Act repealed DOMA in 2022, or when President Biden reversed President Trump's ban on transgender people from serving in the military.

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I feel like there is regulation of sexuality through out the entire timeline. One form of this that I found particularly interesting is the fact that executive orders kind of reverse progress depending on who is in office. Starting with the consequences of Truman passing the executive order in 1948 causing 4380 gay men and women to be discharged from the military and around 500 fired from jobs within the government. Following that and all the progress in between we see our most recent president making the same type of executive orders regardless of how the times have changed and the progress made involving gay rights.

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I can make many connections regarding these cases with the key theme of courses, but I wanted to focus on two main cases which are the 2016 LIFTS TRANSGENDER BAN IN THE MILITARY and the 2015 OBERGEFELL V HODGES. Both of these cases connect with Equity / Equality, Dehumanization, and Social Construction, as well as applying the 8-framework question. Because when utilizing the 8-framework question I concluded that these cases are not ethical because none of the 8-framework can be applied to give everyone what they need to be them or to identify as what they believe they are. To refer back to the key theme of courses equity/equality can not be applied because in the 2015 case, the Supreme Court struck down the ban against gay marriage which therefore invalidates state-level restrictions on marriage equality based on gender and sexual identity, which leads to no fairness and giving everyone what they need to succeed. Dehumanization is present because from my perspective I think these rules that are imposed on these individuals to identify as someone they don't see themselves as can be seen as a threat to one group as they are less than fully human. Social construct refers here to how many in society believe that only exist because we give them a reality through social agreement.

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Brenda Howard organized the first ever Pride marches that focused on the rights for those who identified as bisexual or polyamorous. She was able to present collective action of both groups to come together and fight for their rights. Folks came together to work for the collective good. She was focusing on the two groups within the LBGQT+ community that are underrepresented in regard to activism. Other groups within the LGBQT+ community could argue that her activism could cause collective action problems of tragedy of the commons because she does not focus on all groups within the LGBQT+ community. All members of the LGBQT+ community were and still are oppressed for their sexual orientation, and every member should gain equal rights, opportunities, and resources. I cannot really say there are any other collective action problems within the powerpoint regarding the history of the Gay Rights movement. Many cases involves collective action amongst groups against government's laws and regulations.

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Society often decides that the common defense is a necessary public good and pools resources toward that goal. Collective action can result in benefits for all or for a few. That it encompasses such a broad range of actors, actions, goals, and outcomes explains the enduring interest that political scientists have in this concept.

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It is important to note that there existed lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender individuals, communities, and relationships long before these terms became commonplace. Gay and lesbian relationships existed in ancient Rome and Greece communities and are shown in a variety of art from that time.

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I think that there have been different regulations of sexuality throughout the entire timeline. At the start, we see that there is the regulation of maintaining the heteronormative society that the United States has known and accepted as the "normal" way of living. This is especially seen in the 1948 Executive Order 9981 which barred people from joining the military if they were bisexual, gay, lesbian, etc. because it was too hard to trust these individuals' motives and other reasons. This then escalated, because, by 1961, intimacy between same-sex couples was criminalized almost completely nationwide. I think that this regulation can also be seen during the HIV/AIDS crisis when there was extreme controversy regarding the link between homosexuality and the AIDS epidemic. I think that this also caused regulation to make homosexuality seen more criminalized because of its link to an illness that destroys your immune system. I think that the regulation of sexuality sees a shift in the 2000s when same-sex marriage becomes legal, and when the 2016 ruling of lifting the transgender ban in the military. I think that in modern-day society, the regulation of sexuality comes more from the societal expectations and stereotypes people have regarding certain sexual identities. While this is less harmful and less destructive than criminalizing homosexuality, it still limits what people who are in same-sex relationships can do because they tend to be treated based on stereotypes based on what groups of people they are surrounded by

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Collective action is an action taken together by a group of people, which generally requires cooperation among a group. In response to "the revolt of the homosexual", societies formed. One example is the 1950s Mattachine Society by Harry Hay. This was the first gay rights organization that protected gay men's rights by fighting discriminatory laws.

A collective action problem refers to a situation where people would be better off working together. LGBTQ men and women experienced opression, including employment discrimination, even after the 1964 civil rights act passed. Many bars were raided by police, including the "stonewall raid". A NYPD department (that is no longer active today) raided the stonewall bar and attempted to arrest employees and patrons. Many resisted arrest, which was the beginning of the gay rights movement in the US. The conflicting interest of the NYPD and New York residents caused violent riots, which could have been avoided if the government and society worked together to accept the LGBTQ+ community.

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Here's an example post from Dr. McQueen. You just press the + and you can contribute whatever you'd like to our larger discussion. What are your classmates saying? 

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Here's an example post from Dr. McQueen. You just press the + and you can contribute whatever you'd like to our larger discussion. What are your classmates saying? 