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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

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Introduction to the Public Health Preparedness Capabilities (101)

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"Public health emergency preparedness is a highly specialized area of public health practice"
-(Wilensky & Teitelbaum, 2023)

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1. Public health preparedness programs in the United States started in the late 1990s.
2. In 1999, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established the “Public Health Preparedness and Response for Bioterrorism Program".
3. After 911, it became clear that the U.S. was unprepared for a large-scale attack. It exposed the lack of public health infrastructure.
4. Since the 2001 attack, Public Health Emergency Preparedness (PHEP) has decreased over the years.

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Public health emergency preparedness is the ability of a community or a nation to respond effectively to an unexpected public health emergency, such as an outbreak of a new infectious disease, a natural disaster, or a bioterrorist attack. The goal of public health emergency preparedness is to protect the health and safety of the population by reducing the impact of the emergency.

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Effective public health emergency preparedness involves a range of activities, including:

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Effective public health emergency preparedness involves a range of activities, including:

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1. Planning: Developing and updating emergency response plans, identifying potential hazards, and assessing the resources needed to respond to an emergency.

2. Surveillance: Monitoring the spread of disease and other potential threats, such as bioterrorism or environmental hazards, to detect and respond to potential outbreaks or emergencies.

3. Risk Communication: Informing the public about the risks associated with an emergency, the steps they can take to protect themselves and their families, and how to access information and resources.

4. Response: Coordinating the response efforts of multiple agencies, organizations, and individuals, including healthcare providers, emergency responders, public health officials, and community leaders.

5. Recovery: Helping affected communities recover from the emergency by providing resources and support for rebuilding and restoring normalcy.

6. Training and Exercises: Preparing emergency responders, healthcare providers, and other stakeholders through training and simulation exercises to ensure they are ready to respond effectively in a crisis.

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"Emergencies are characterized by their high severity, inability to be managed with routine resources, and tendency to cause increased illness, injury, or death"
- (Wilensky & Teitelbaum, 2023)

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1. The 2021 Western United States Wildfires
2. Terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001
3. Coronavirus-19 Pandemic
4. Katrina Hurricane

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1. Wilensky, S. E., & Teitelbaum, J. B. (2023). Essentials of health policy and law. Jones & Bartlett Learning.

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1. The Incident Command System (ICS) is a standardized emergency management system used by emergency responders to manage and coordinate response operations during an incident. The system was developed by the United States Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in the 1970s and has since been adopted by emergency management agencies worldwide.

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The ICS provides a standardized organizational structure and set of procedures for managing emergency incidents, regardless of the type, size, or complexity of the incident. The system is designed to facilitate clear communication, coordination, and collaboration among emergency responders and agencies involved in the response.

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The Incident Command System (ICS) PART 2

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The Incident Command System (ICS) PART 2

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3.
The ICS follows a hierarchical structure with clearly defined roles and responsibilities for each position. The system includes the following positions:

a. Incident Commander (IC): responsible for overall management of the incident and making strategic decisions.
b. Operations Section Chief: responsible for managing the tactical operations of the incident.
c. Planning Section Chief: responsible for developing the Incident Action Plan (IAP) and managing resources.
d. Logistics Section Chief: responsible for managing the resources necessary to support the incident, such as personnel, equipment, and supplies.
e. Finance and Administration Section Chief: responsible for tracking costs and managing financial resources.

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The Incident Command System (ICS) PART 3

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The Incident Command System (ICS) PART 3

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A centralized command structure ensures that all responders are working towards a common goal and following standardized procedures. It facilitates clear communication and coordination, which are critical during an emergency response.

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Legal Issues in Public Health Emergency Preparedness 

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Legal Issues in Public Health Emergency Preparedness 

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Emergency preparedness planning involves anticipating and preparing for potential emergencies or disasters that may affect a community or organization. There are several key legal considerations that must be taken into account when developing an emergency preparedness plan. These include:

1. Regulatory Compliance
2. Liability
3. Resource Management
4. Emergency Powers
5. Civil Rights
6. Privacy