# data[].attributes.body
Within chapter 9, the idea of war is peace is depicted through the quote "The primary aim of modern warfare (in accordance with the principles of DOUBLETHINK, this aim is simul- taneously recognized and not recognized by the directing brains of the Inner Party) is to use up the products of the machine without raising the general standard of living. Ever since the end of the nineteenth century, the problem of what to do with the surplus of consumption goods has been latent in industrial society" (9). Within this quote, the idea of war is peace is shown through the idea that the party directs the war effort, and how the primary aim of war is not to actually win it, but to drain the surplus of goods that are produced by the industrial society. More specifically, the government can now prevent the economy from collapsing, whilst keeping the population occupied with conflict and preventing them from questioning the government's authority.

# data[].attributes.body
The idea of war is peace is displayed within chapter 9 through the idea that war has changed its character. This is seen through the quote "The fighting, when there is any, takes place on the vague frontiers whose whereabouts the average man can only guess at, or round the Floating For- tresses which guard strategic spots on the sea lanes. In the centres of civilization war means no more than a contin- uous shortage of consumption goods, and the occasional crash of a rocket bomb which may cause a few scores of deaths. War has in fact changed its character" (9). Within this quote, the idea of war is peace is depicted through the fact that war had changed from being fought within cities to more of a frontline area. In turn, it can be seen as a more peaceful instance, as it results in less civilian casualties and brings less destruction. Moreover, the text depicts as to how the frontlines are vague and their location is often "guessed," suggesting that the frontlines are somewhere far from civilization, so less destruction can be caused, leading to war being fought in a more peaceful sense. Moving forward, the idea that war is a minor inconvenience to the general population further enhances the idea of how it is needed in order to maintain peace, along with the idea of how it keeps the government in control. More specifically, this is produced through the idea that the government defends the people, and without them, the people would be liberated quickly by surrounding enemies. Thus, the people of the general population are tricked into believing that the government is there to help them.

# data[].attributes.body
Within chapter 9, the idea of war is peace is depicted through the idea that war is gradually becoming fought in more peaceful means. This is seen through the quote "Certain backward areas have advanced, and various devices, always in some way connected with warfare and police espionage, have been developed, but experiment and invention have largely stopped, and the ravages of the atomic war of the nineteen-fifties have never been fully repaired. Nevertheless the dangers inherent in the machine are still there. From the moment when the machine first made its appearance it was clear to all thinking people that the need for human drudgery, and therefore to a great extent for human inequality, had disappeared" (chapter 9). Within this quote, the idea of areas that were always connected with police and espionage have now developed to be able to put an end to actions that involve combat, such as the atomic bomb. More specifically, the text states as to how the vast amounts of power that the atomic bomb holds allowed people to soon realize that people would need to come together, resulting in equality which was not very prevalent within the 1950's. Consequently, people began to disassociate with weapons that contained high amounts of power, leading to wars that were fought more peacefully and traditionally. Equally important, the idea that war has led to technological developments is also present. However, instead of actually helping out the general population, it has instead hurt it because the text implies that the machine has not eliminated the need for human labor, thus showing how the party has manipulated the idea of war and technology to maintain control over society.

# data[].attributes.headline
War is fought peacefully on the frontlines

# data[].attributes.subject
War is fought peacefully on the frontlines

# data[].attributes.body
Within chapter 9, the idea of war is peace is seen through the quote "This is not to say that either the conduct of war, or the prevailing attitude towards it, has be- come less bloodthirsty or more chivalrous. On the contrary, war hysteria is continuous and universal in all countries, and such acts as raping, looting, the slaughter of children, the reduction of whole populations to slavery, and reprisals against prisoners which extend even to boiling and burying alive, are looked upon as normal, and, when they are committed by one's own side and not by the enemy, meritorious. But in a physical sense war involves very small numbers of people, mostly highly-trained specialists, and causes com- paratively few casualties" (9). Within this quote, the idea is depicted first through the description of war. More specifically, war is depicted to be a sort of controversy, as it can involve acts such as looting, raping, slaughtering, slavery, and reprisals against prisoners including being boiled or even buried alive. However, when discussing what actually occurs in war, it is said to only involve specialists that are trained for war. Moreover, the effects on the rest of the population only come as a result of the wars. War itself can be considered a rather "peaceful" matter, in comparison to the effects since wars are said to be fought more chivalrously. Equally important, it appears as though the government uses war to keep citizens under constant control so they cannot realize the flaws of the government since the party remains in control via their use of strict social control. More specifically, they use the idea that war is portrayed as a negative aspect of the world that must occur in order to keep it a peaceful state.

# data[].attributes.headline
War justifies a country's power, leading to peace

# data[].attributes.subject
War justifies a country's power, leading to peace

# data[].attributes.body
The idea that war is peace is depicted within chapter 9 through the idea that war allows the city to thrive. This is depicted within the quote "He wandered round the base of the enormous fluted column, at the top of which Big Brother’s statue gazed southward towards the skies where he had vanquished the Eurasian aeroplanes (the Eastasian aeroplanes, it had been, a few years ago) in the Battle of Airstrip One" (9). This quote, it shows how war allows the city of Oceania to further use propaganda which supports its actions and essentially justifies its strength. More specifically, this is seen through the idea that the statue was a symbol of the people coming together and being able to liberate the land that they now use. This promotes the idea of people coming together and allowing the party to gain even more power and control over the people, which allows them to brainwash the citizens and continue to trick the people into believing that they live in a society that is better than all the others. Altogether, the idea of war is peace is depicted through the idea that war allows the party to stay in power since the citizens must depend on them for safety which altogether leads to the continued rule of the party. Altogether, the government uses war in the sense that it requires patriotism, which displays the idea of a struggle that is needed in order for the country to remain in "peace." Therefore, the country is manipulated into believing that they live in a utopia in which they "created/allowed" due to their patriotism.

# data[].attributes.headline
War causes society to believe they are in a utopia

# data[].attributes.subject
War causes society to believe they are in a utopia

# data[].attributes.body
Within Chapter 9 of 1984, specifically page 67, the idea of war is peace is depicted through the idea that the people of Oceania remain one when in war, which essentially creates "peace" within the city as the people recognize themselves as one and do not really acknowledge the presence of any other people besides themselves. This can be seen through the quote "Foreigners, whether from Eura- sia or from Eastasia, were a kind of strange animal. One literally never saw them except in the guise of prisoners, and even as prisoners one never got more than a momentary glimpse of them. Nor did one know what became of them, apart from the few who were hanged as war-criminals: te others simply van- ished, presumably into forced-labour camps" (9). Within this quote, it becomes quite apparent as to how the people of Oceania depict themselves as of more importance in comparison to other ethnicities. This idea is depicted through the fact that the people were stated to be looking at the prisoners as if they were some sort of alien, conveying the idea that they have most likely never seen any ethnicities other than themselves. Consequently, the idea that war is peace is depicted through the idea that the people are not in the realization of how other people live their lives. More specifically, this may lead to some people of Oceania believing that they live in a perfect society, or a society that is better than any other, which keeps the Party in power. Altogether, the party's vast control over the general population leads citizens to not acknowledge the presence of other cultures, which leads them to not be able to realize the flaws of the society they are within. Furthermore, the depiction of the "sad faces" of the prisoners leads the citizens of Oceania to believe that they are within a utopia and all of the other cultures are a dystopia.