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March 3, 1865 - Freedmen’s Bureau Created

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March 3, 1865 - Freedmen’s Bureau Created

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Provided food, housing, and medical aid to newly freed African Americans.

Helped establish schools and find jobs for freedmen.

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April 14, 1865 - Abraham Lincoln is Assassinated

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April 14, 1865 - Abraham Lincoln is Assassinated

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Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford’s Theatre.

His death changed the course of Reconstruction.

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April 15, 1865 - Andrew Johnson Becomes President

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April 15, 1865 - Andrew Johnson Becomes President

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Johnson took over after Lincoln’s assassination.

Favored a lenient approach toward Southern states.

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Late 1865 – Early 1866 - First Black Codes Passed

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Late 1865 – Early 1866 - First Black Codes Passed

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Southern states passed laws restricting the rights of freedmen.

Limited voting, land ownership, and jobs, basically slavery without chains.

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December 6, 1865 - 13th Amendment is Ratified

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December 6, 1865 - 13th Amendment is Ratified

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Abolished slavery across the United States.

First of the three “Reconstruction Amendments.”

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White supremacist group was founded in Tennessee.

Used terror and violence to stop African Americans from voting.

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April 9, 1866 - Civil Rights Act of 1866

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April 9, 1866 - Civil Rights Act of 1866

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Granted citizenship to African Americans.

Congress overrode President Johnson’s veto to pass it.

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White mobs, police, and firemen attacked Black neighborhoods.

Dozens were killed, homes and schools destroyed.

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March 2, 1867 - Reconstruction Acts of 1867

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March 2, 1867 - Reconstruction Acts of 1867

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Divided the South into five military districts.

Required new state constitutions with Black male suffrage and ratification of the 14th Amendment.

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July 9, 1868 (ratified) - 14th Amendment is Ratified

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July 9, 1868 (ratified) - 14th Amendment is Ratified

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Granted citizenship to anyone born or naturalized in the U.S.

Guaranteed equal protection under the law.

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1867–1868 - Southern Constitutional Conventions Including Freedmen

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1867–1868 - Southern Constitutional Conventions Including Freedmen

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For the first time, Black men participated in rewriting state constitutions.

Many were elected to local and state office.

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February 3, 1870 - 15th Amendment is Ratified

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February 3, 1870 - 15th Amendment is Ratified

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Guaranteed the right to vote regardless of race or color.

Strengthened Black political power during Reconstruction.

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1875 - Mississippi Plan or “Shotgun Policy”

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1875 - Mississippi Plan or “Shotgun Policy”

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White Democrats used intimidation and violence to keep Black citizens from voting.

Helped Democrats regain control of Southern politics.

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Resolved the disputed 1876 election by making Rutherford B. Hayes president.

Federal troops left the South, ending Reconstruction.