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Captain James Cook lands at Waimea Bay on the island of Kauai, becoming the first European to make contact with the Hawaiian Islands. Cook names the archipelago the “Sandwich Islands” after the Earl of Sandwich. A year later, Cook is killed at Kealakekua Bay on the island of Hawaii.

This was important because when cook was killed his men left his body and the Hawaiians took it to get its mana but then the foreigners got mad and the Hawaiians tried to apologize by giving some of the body back. This also had an impact because it made the whole world know that there was an island in the middle of the ocean. This played an important part in the overthrow because now foreign countries were looking to take Hawaii for itself.

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Kamehameha’s unification of Hawaii was significant not only because it was an incredible feat, but also because under separate rule, the Islands may have been torn apart by competing western interests. Today, four commissioned statues stand to honor King Kamehameha’s memory. Every June 11th, on Kamehameha Day, each of these statues are ceremoniously draped with flower lei to celebrate Hawaii’s greatest king.

This was important in Hawaiian history because this played a big part in the division of land and how everything worked in Hawaii when the missionaries came to Hawaii. The important part that this played in the overthrow of Hawaii was that it made all the islands united so then Kamehameha made it so that land could be owned.

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The son of a high chief, Kalakaua was a candidate to the throne in 1873 but lost the election to Lunalilo. When Lunalilo died the following year, the legislature then elected Kalakaua, who inaugurated a decidedly reactionary and pro-American reign. In 1874 he visited the United States, and in 1881 he took a trip around the world. Although he secured a somewhat favourable reciprocity treaty with the United States in 1876, he yielded in 1887 to demands to give the United States the exclusive right to enter Pearl Harbor and maintain a naval coaling and repair station there.
This was important because it then made way for the US to gain entrance to Pearl harbor and gave them use of it.

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States and the Hawaiian kingdom that guaranteed a duty-free market for Hawaiian sugar in exchange for special economic privileges for the United States that were denied to other countries. The treaty helped establish the groundwork for the Hawaiian islands’ eventual annexation. Throughout the early and mid-19th century, the sovereignty of the Hawaiian islands was threatened by the imperial advances of Great Britain, France, and the United States. Of particular interest to those powers was Hawaii’s burgeoning sugar industry. As a result of the American Civil War, sugar prices rose dramatically in the United States (much of the sugar production in the United States had occurred in the southern states that seceded from the Union, particularly Louisiana), a situation that helped galvanize efforts by members of the U.S. government and the Hawaiian planter class to establish a treaty of reciprocity between the United States and Hawaii. After several failed treaty attempts, the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 was signed; it entered into force on Sept. 9, 1876. When the treaty was renewed in 1887, the United States received exclusive rights to enter and establish a naval base at Pearl Harbor.

This was important because it helped the US to get a hold over Pearl harbor and it made it so that the US had exclusive rights to it and they could use it for the military.

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This was when the US had developed an interest in Hawaii and its military uses. When they sent Schofield he went and spied on Pearl harbor. When he returned he told the US that Pearl harbor had all the perfect potential to be a base for the navy. Then when the reciprocity treaty had to be renewed the US asked for Pearl harbor so King Kalukaua had to accept.

this was important because when this happened it gave the US exclusive rights to Pearl harbor and shaped the future of Hawaii.

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On July 6, 1887, King David Kalakaua signed a new constitution for the kingdom of Hawai'i. Kalakaua signed the law at gunpoint, which led to the document being nicknamed the “Bayonet Constitution.” The guns surrounding Kalakaua on that fateful day belonged to members of a militia nicknamed the Honolulu Rifles, made up largely of white settlers. Kalakaua’s successor as monarch, his sister Liliuokalani, later speculated Kalakaua would have been killed had he not signed the new constitution. The Honolulu Rifles were affiliated with a group called the Hawaiian League, which drafted the new constitution to transfer power from the monarchy to the more settler-friendly legislature. The document also granted suffrage to foreigners (generally Americans and Europeans) by linking the right to vote with property ownership.

This played an important part in the overthrow of the monarchy and the end of the rule of king kalukaua.

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The Committee of Safety, formally the Citizen's Committee of Public Safety, was a 13-member group of the Annexation Club. The group was composed of mostly Hawaiian subjects of American descent and American citizens who were members of the Missionary Party, as well as some foreign residents in the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. The group planned and carried out the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi on January 17, 1893. The goal of this group was to achieve annexation of Hawaiʻi by the United States. The new independent Republic of Hawaiʻi government was thwarted in this goal by the administration of President Grover Cleveland, and it was not until 1898 that the United States Congress approved a joint resolution of annexation creating the U.S. Territory of Hawaiʻi.

This was important because it lead to the downfall of the monarchy and the end of the sovereign reign.

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The Blount Report is the popular name given to the part of the 1893 United States House of Representatives Foreign Relations Committee Report regarding the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. The report was conducted by U.S. Commissioner James H. Blount, appointed by U.S. President Grover Cleveland to investigate the events surrounding the January 1893 overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

The Blount Report "first provided evidence that officially identified the United States' complicity in the lawless overthrow of the lawful, peaceful government of Hawaii."[1] Blount concluded that U.S. Minister to Hawaii John L. Stevens had carried out unauthorized partisan activities, including the landing of U.S. Marines under a false or exaggerated pretext, to support the anti-royalist conspirators; that these actions were instrumental to the success of the revolution; and that the revolution was carried out against the wishes of a majority of the population of Hawaii.

The Blount Report was followed in 1894 by the Morgan Report, which contradicted Blount's report by concluding that all participants except for Queen Liliʻuokalani were "not guilty"

This was important because it forced the Queen to lose all her power and it made it so that she was put under house arrest.

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The Morgan Report was an 1894 report concluding an official U.S. Congressional investigation into the events surrounding the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom, including the alleged role of U.S. military troops (both bluejackets and marines) in the overthrow of Queen Liliʻuokalani. Along with the Blount Report submitted in 1893, it is one of the main source documents compiling the testimony of witnesses and participants in the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom in January 1893. The Morgan Report was the final result of an official U.S. Congressional investigation into the overthrow, conducted by the United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, whose chairman was Senator John Tyler Morgan, Democrat of Alabama. The Report is formally named the Senate Report 227 of the 53rd Congress, second session, and dated February 26, 1894. It was printed as part of a large volume containing other government documents: "Reports of Committee on Foreign Relations 1789–1901 Volume 6.

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William McKinley (January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until his assassination in 1901. During his presidency, McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish–American War, raised protective tariffs to promote American industry, and kept the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of the expansionary monetary policy of free silver. A Republican, McKinley was the last president to have served in the American Civil War; he was the only one to have started the war as an enlisted man, and ended as a brevet major. After the war, he settled in Canton, Ohio, where he practiced law and married Ida Saxton. In 1876, he was elected to Congress, where he became the Republican Party's expert on the protective tariff, which he promised would bring prosperity. His 1890 McKinley Tariff was highly controversial and, together with a Democratic redistricting aimed at gerrymandering him out of office, led to his defeat in the Democratic landslide of 1890. He was elected governor of Ohio in 1891 and 1893, steering a moderate course between capital and labor interests. With the aid of his close adviser Mark Hanna, he secured the Republican nomination for president in 1896 amid a deep economic depression. He defeated his Democratic rival William Jennings Bryan after a front porch campaign in which he advocated "sound money" (the gold standard unless altered by international agreement) and promised that high tariffs would restore prosperity.

This was important because he was the only president who did not want Hawaii to be annexed.

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The Kū'ē Petitions, also known as the Anti-Annexation Petitions, were a collection of signatures of Hawaiian men and women who were opposed to the Annexation of Hawaiʻi to the United States of America. The signatures  were collected island by island by three Hui: the Hui Aloha Aina for Women, the Hui Aloha Aina for Men, and the Hui Kalaiaina. These three groups went island by island holding mass town meetings about annexation and obtaining signatures from those who opposed annexation.

This was important because now all the people who had ancestors in Hawaii could see if they had signed the petition that stated they did not want to be annexed.