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How the topic of Pearl Harbor is relevant to social studies 

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How the topic of Pearl Harbor is relevant to social studies 

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The topic of Pearl Harbor is significant to social studies because it is a topic that incorporates many of the skills that are addressed in social studies standards across the grade levels. This topic is important to the timeline of WWII as it marks the entry of the United States into the war. This topic also provides opportunity for students to learn about the three branches of government and the different responsibilities of each, specifically during times of war. This topic is also a fifth grade U.S. history standard which states: Determine the significance of the bombing of Pearl Harbor and its impact on the U.S. Because the bombing of Pearl Harbor changed the trajectory of the U.S. during WWII, it is very relevant for students to study to understand how this event impacted not only the war but also people in the United States.

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The story that will be told through the journey box 

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The story that will be told through the journey box 

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The story told by this journey box will focus on the direct national impacts of the bombing of Pearl Harbor. The sources in this box will analyze the cause and affect relationship that started with Pearl Harbor and led to the United States involvement in WWII both in the Pacific and the Atlantic. The story will continue by taking the perspective to the home front with a look at wartime propaganda and informational newsreels. These sources can be used to compare and contrast the impact at home and afar. Next, the story will focus on Japanese Americans and the specific impact that Pearl Harbor had for them with a variety of sources, covering topics such as relocation, internment camps, court cases, and how Japanese Americans contributed to the fighting abroad. Lastly, the story will conclude with the impact Pearl Harbor had on entertainment in the United States, specifically baseball. This story is designed to not only focus on the significance of Pearl Harbor on WWII, but also its impact for marginalized groups of Americans and in seemingly unconnected domains of American life.

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How I would teach this topic in an elementary classroom

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How I would teach this topic in an elementary classroom

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I would use a variety of images, audio recordings, videos, and texts to teach this standard, in most likely a fifth grade classroom. Students will have social studies skills such as interpreting a timeline and describing the responsibilities of the three branches of government in previous grades. These are skills that will be useful for learning this fifth grade standard. I would show students pictures of the bombing of the Pearl Harbor and discuss the federal government's reaction to the bombing in terms of entering the war. We would read the speech by FDR to declare war on Japan, and then see how that caused many more declarations of war. We would explore how citizens of the U.S. saw the war reported and the propaganda that was posted to encourage citizens to engage in supporting the war. Lastly, we would look at a group of Americans who were negatively impacted by the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Japanese Americans.
Students would engage in discussions around justice, participate in debates, analyze sources, and write reflections upon the decisions of leaders during this time period.

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Picture of USS West Virginia and USS Tennessee during the attack on Pearl Harbor.
https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/west-virginia-tennessee

Discussion Questions:
1. Why was Pearl Harbor an important target for the Japanese?
2. Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of fighting on your own soil.
3. From looking at this picture, what do you think it would have been like to be an officer stationed at Pearl Harbor during this attack?

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"Day of Infamy" Speech by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, asking Congress to declare war.
https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/day-of-infamy-speech

Discussion Questions:
1. Why did the President have to ask Congress to declare war?
2. What kind of tone does the President use in this speech?
3. Why do you think the President would have wanted to emphasize that this attack was unprovoked?

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Declaration of War on Germany December 11, 1941
https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/exhibitions/legislative-highlights/declaration-war-germany-december-11-1941

Discussion Questions:
1. What caused the U.S. to have to declare war on Germany?
2. What was alike and different from this declaration compared to that made on Japan?
3. How would you have felt as a citizen to have not been at war and then within a week have declarations of war with three countries?

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"Arise Americans" propaganda poster
https://catalog.archives.gov/search?q=*:*&f.parentNaId=513498&f.level=item&sort=naIdSort%20asc

Discussion Questions:
1. What was the purpose of posters like this one?
2. What audience do you think this poster is targeting?
3. Would this poster make you want to join the armed forces?

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Newsreel of the first U.S. air raid on Tokyo, Japan after Pearl Harbor
https://video.link/w/s2c3c

Discussion Questions:
1. Why do you think the target for the first air raid on Japan was Tokyo?
2. Is this air raid similar to what happened at Pearl Harbor? Explain.
3. How do you think Japanese citizens in Tokyo felt toward the U.S. after the raid?

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Executive Order 9066 issued by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942.
https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/executive-order-9066

Discussion Questions:
1. What was this executive order designed to protect against?
2. Can you think of any other time in history where a group of Americans were unfairly treated based upon their ancestry?
3. How do you think Japanese Americans felt about this executive order?

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Picture of Evacuation Sale at a Japanese owned store in San Francisco
https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-137/

Discussion Questions:
1. Infer what was going to happen to Japanese businesses?
2. Why do you think German and Italian Americans were not forced to go to internment camps?
3. Do you think Japanese Americans would be able to recover their businesses after the war?

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War Relocation Authority pamphlet
https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/japanese-american-internment-during-world-war-ii/sources/1276

Discussion Questions:
1. Explain why this pamphlet can be considered a form of propaganda.
2. Analyze the pictures in this pamphlet, what kinds of life do they depict within the camps?
3. Do you think life in the camp was as free as the pamphlet describes?

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Picture of Japanese Internment Camp in Topaz, Utah
https://collections.lib.utah.edu/details?id=993845

Discussion Questions:
1. Does this picture look similar to other pictures we have examined during WWII?
2. Why do you think the federal government placed this camp in Utah?
3. Why do you think Japanese Americans did not like living in the camps? Would you like it?

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The 442nd Regimental Combat Team images and information
https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/442nd-regimental-combat-team

Discussion Questions:
1. What is significant about the 442nd Regimental Combat Team?
2. What kind of internal conflict might these soldiers have been facing?
3. Explain the contradiction of the federal government to allow some Japanese Americans to fight while making others live in internment camps.

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Korematsu vs. United States Oct.--Dec. 1944
https://www.uscourts.gov/educational-resources/educational-activities/facts-and-case-summary-korematsu-v-us

Discussion Questions:
1. What does the Equal Protection Clause under the Fourteenth Amendment state?
2. Which justice on the Supreme Court do you agree with and why?
3. What precedent does this case ruling set for the future?

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Letter from President Franklin D. Roosevelt to the commissioner of baseball, also known as the "green light" letter.
https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/green-light-letter

Discussion Questions:
1. What impact did WWII have on the game of baseball?
2. What were the pros and cons to continuing to play that season?
3. How would continuing the season provide a sense of normalcy to the American people?