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Literary Techniques and Rhetorical Feature's  

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Literary Techniques and Rhetorical Feature's  

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1) Allusions- In his “Letter From Birmingham Jail,” he writes, “Like Paul, I must constantly respond to the Macedonian call for aid,” to justify his actions in Birmingham.
2) Imagery-  He appeals to the reader’s auditory imagination when he talks about his son who asks him, “Daddy, why do white people treat colored people so mean?” it  automatically hears the voice of a child in their mind, and the thought of a suffering child instantly causes a feeling of sorrow. King uses the word “wait” to show his frustration and impatience, and then he appeals to the reader’s visual imagination to show why he can no longer wait. He elaborately describes the hardships that him and his family had to endure, which leads to a great sense of grief, compassion, and empathy for both King and all of the mistreated African Americans in the South.
3) Figurative Language- An example is from the quicksand of racial injustice to the solid rock of human dignity.” This doesn't mean everyone's drowning in quicksand. King means that racial injustice is bringing everyone involved down. He wants thinks to change and to pull ourselves up onto “the solid rock of human dignity.”
4) Symbolism - Its bodies because the body houses the soul, and any physical harm that comes to the protesters also brings about moral and spiritual damage. He discusses the image of the Christian church as the body of Christ, but laments the fact that many Christians “have blemished and scarred that body through social neglect and through fear of being nonconformists.” These literal and metaphorical bodies the bodies of the protesters, the African American community as a social body, and the spiritual body of the church all feel the damage brought about by the racist segregation that permeated the South.
5) Parallelism - Is the majority come near the middle where he lists and explains much of his arguments, and answers to the clergymen.

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1) What does the author hope to achieve?
The author hope to achieve is to each the goal of freedom in Birmingham and all over the nation, because the goal of America is freedom.
2) What is the author's attitude towards the topic?
The tone is reasonable and respectful however, back off from the plan that he and the demonstrators used to put their demonstration on the streets of Birmingham.

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1) Repeated Words: Is "willing" and "Disappointment"
2) List words that are strong and stand out:

-symbolize
-structure
-engage
-tension

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-Ethos: The ethos in "The Letter From Birmingham Jail" is directed towards those who discern a person's credibility as the most influential degree of their stance.
-Pathos: King uses pathos to incite his audience to end the oppressive burdens of segregation. He recounts a conversation with his six-year-old daughter in which she questions why she is unable to participate in the same activities as white children with “tears welling up her eyes”.
-Logos: Well He defends arguments using logos. While these two definitely helped his argument.

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1) What was being discussed in the beginning, Middle. and end?
In the beginning its talks about Dr. King begins by explaining that he's responding to the eight clergymen because he believes them to be "men of genuine good will" with "criticisms sincerely set forth." Because they criticized him and the SCLC for coming from outside Birmingham, he justifies his presence, capping his argument off with one of his most memorable quotes: "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere". Middle is saying Dr. King expresses his disappointment with white people who claim to be in favor of desegregation but don't walk the walk. He explains that justice doesn't come automatically over time, and that every advance made toward a better world has come from the active efforts of good people. He defends himself as an extremist for love in the tradition of Jesus. Ending is saying Dr. King decides to wrap it up and is very polite and proper about it. He hopes his letter is well understood and received, and that he and the clergymen can meet soon. He ends on a typical poetic flourish, looking forward to the day when America will be free of racial conflict.

2) How does it impact the reader?
It impacted the reader which is served as a tangible, reproducible account of the long road to freedom in a movement that was largely centered around actions and spoken words.

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1) How are ideas from the text relevant in current society?
Is that include justice, civil disobedience, Christianity, Justice. King argues that denying justice to one person threatens justice for everyone. For African Americans, justice will not simply arrive it must be fought for.

2) What applications can be made to the real world?
King's letter kindles the conscience, exhorting us to peaceful action. He challenges well meaning citizens who advocate patience to look carefully at the pattern of racial injustice, oppression, pain and hurt that have gone unattended.

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1) What is the author's message?
The Author's message is about to having a moral responsibility to break unjust laws and to take direct action, rather than waiting a long time for justice to come through the courts.

2) Is there a moral lesson? or observation about life?
One lesson to learn is to lean into criticism and use your critic's words to reevaluate the argument. Following King and Abernathy’s direct action in Birmingham, white faith leaders of eight Southern congregations penned an open letter it the Birmingham News calling for "unity" and decrying King’s tactics.  Dr. King responded with his initial disappointment that fellow faith leaders labeled him an extremist. “At first I was rather disappointed that fellow clergymen would see my nonviolent efforts as those of an extremist.” After reflecting on his decent position and the many varied responses in the Black community, he decided to instead embrace the language and reframed what it means to be extreme.  Dr. King wrote " But as I continued to think about the matter, I gradually gained a bit of satisfaction from being considered an extremist. Was not Jesus an extremist in love? -- "Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, pray for them that despitefully use you." Was not Amos an extremist for justice? -- "Let justice roll down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream." Was not Paul an extremist for the gospel of Jesus Christ? -- "I bear in my body the marks of the Lord Jesus."