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--> In the pre-historic times, Pythagoras and Aristotle believed that reproduction of organisms originate through the formation of miniature versions known as a homunculus
--> The term cell was only coined when the microscope was made by LEEUWENHOEK.
--> Earlier beliefs about how traits or genes passed have a large loophole like the theory of use and misuse that only the most used body part will develop and vice versa.

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--> I have the ability now to differentiate what is phenotype and genotype.
--> Genotype is the allele representation of the traits
--> Phenotype is the physical manifestation of the traits
--> I learned that we can predict the possible blood types, eye color, or phenotypes by the use of a Punnett square.
--> I have also corrected the idea that I thought Gregor Mendel was the pioneer in genetic modification, I have read that he is also just one of the many researchers who've done this topic but because of the peas that he studied he became known.
--> I have learned that there are two types of interaction which are allelic (1) and non-allelic(2).
--> X-linked traits are passed from mother to offspring and father to daughter only
--> Y-linked traits are passed from father to all sons
--> Mitochondrial-linked traits are passed from mother to all offspring
--> There is also what we call the PEDIGREE ANALYSIS which is a graphical representation of the past genetic traits or diseases in a family's history that were handed down from generation to generation.

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--> I have known that molecular structure was discovered by the use of a technique called crystallography.
--> Rosalind Franklin was the one who was able to produce a picture of the DNA molecule.
--> Watson and Crick were the ones who have realized and deduced that the structure of DNA was a double helix
--> Franklin was the one who has concluded that the nitrogenous base is coupled in the molecule's core, and the sugar-phosphate backbones are antiparallel.
--> The mode of replication of DNA is semiconservative because each of them will have one old strand from the parent's molecule and a new strand.
--> Proteins that aid DNA replication includes helicase, topoisomerase, and single-strand binding protein.
--> DNA is the master plan
--> RNA is the blueprint of the Master Plan
--> DNA and RNA are different on complementary bases.
--> In DNA the complementary base pairs with adenine as thymine while in RNA it is uracil paired with adenine.
--> The pathway to making a protein is RNA--> mRNA--> tRNA- PROTEIN.
--> NUCLEOTIDE STRUCTURE IS:
1.) 5- CARBON SUGAR: DEOXYRIBOSE
2.) PHOSPHATE GROUP
3.)NITROGENOUS BASE

THE DNA REPLICATION KEY PLAYERS

-->  DNA HELICASE
--> PRIMASE
--> DNA POLYMERASE
--> LIGASE

--> IN PROTEIN SYNTHESIS THERE IS TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION
-->  TRANSCRIPTION is the process by which the enzyme DNA polymerase copies the information needed to produce protein from DNA into messenger RNA.
--> During protein synthesis, the process of translating the base sequence of a messenger RNA molecule into an amino acid sequence is known as translation.
--> Methionine - AUG (start codon)

--> UGA , UAA, UAG (stop codons)