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Irlanda

The country has a single land border, with Northern Ireland, one of the constituent nations of the United Kingdom. The island is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean and has the Celtic Sea to the south, St. George's Channel to the southeast, and the Irish Sea to the east.

The state is a republic with a parliamentary system of government. The President of Ireland, who acts as Head of State, is directly elected by universal suffrage through the instant second round system. His term of office lasts seven years, and he can be re-elected only once. The president generally has protocol functions, although he has certain constitutional powers and functions, assisted by the Council of State, an advisory body.The Taoiseach is appointed by the president on nomination from parliament.

Political and administrative division

Politically, the island of Ireland consists of two jurisdictions:

The Republic of Ireland, a sovereign state with Dublin as its capital, which occupies approximately five-sixths of the island.

Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom, is known as the North or North (by nationalists and residents of the Republic of Ireland), the six counties by nationalists, and Ulster by unionists (although the province Historical Ulster also includes the counties of Donegal, Cavan and Monaghan, which remained in the Republic of Ireland). Its capital is Belfast

Political and administrative division

The official languages ​​are Irish (Gaeilge), a native Celtic language, and English, which is constitutionally described as a secondary official language. Learning Irish is compulsory in education, but English is widely predominant. Public signs are generally bilingual and there are also national media in Irish.

The national flag of Ir eland is the national flag of the Republic of Ireland. It is a tricolor flag composed of three vertical stripes of equal dimensions: green, white and orange. The orange stripe symbolizes the invading Protestant English Anglo-Saxons in Ireland, and the green one represents the Irish Catholic Gaelic Celts native to the country. The white stripe represents the peace that will finally come between them.

The coat of arms of Ireland is the official coat of arms of the Republic of Ireland since November 9, 1945. It consists of an azure coat of arms with a golden harp with silver strings, thus consolidating the tradition of the Gaelic harp, the so-called clàrsach, as the traditional heraldic emblem of Ireland.

Amhrán na bhFiann is the national anthem of the Republic of Ireland. Also known by its English translation as A Soldier's Song. The lyrics of the song are by Peadar Kearney, written in English, with the title of A Soldier's Song, and the music by Kearney and Patrick Heeney. Composed in 1907 and first published in Irish Freedom in 1912, the Irish translation was done by Liam Ó Rinn in 1923. It has been the official national anthem since 1926, when it replaced the unofficial God Save Ireland anthem. It is sung in Irish and only the chorus.

The interior of the country is relatively flat, presenting a depressed internal basin and higher elevations near the coasts. The territory is crossed by rivers such as the Shannon, presenting many relatively large and shallow lakes. The center of the country is partly washed by the River Shannon, and contains large areas of bogs, used for the extraction and production of pressed peat in the form of elongated ingots. Ireland has the largest fenced urban park in Europe, which some consider natural, the Phoenix Park.

The modern Irish State achieved its effective independence from the United Kingdom in 1922, after a war of independence that ended with the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, while Northern Ireland chose to remain in the United Kingdom. It was when the Northern Ireland Conflict began, which still continues.

Although in principle Ireland was a dominion within the British Empire , with the name of the Irish Free State, in 1931 its complete legislative independence was clarified and in 1937 it adopted a new constitution and the name of Ireland. In 1949 the remaining duties of the figure of the King of Ireland were removed and the country declared itself a republic. The state had no formal relations with Northern Ireland for most of the 20th century, but since 1999 they have co-operated on various policies under the North-South Ministerial Council created by the Good Friday Agreement.

Los acantilados de Moher se encuentran en el límite suroccidental de la región de El Burren, zona famosa también por sus castillos, cuevas y una rica historia celta, cerca del pueblo de Doolin, en el condado de Clare de la República de Irlanda. Los acantilados se elevan 120 m sobre el océano Atlántico en el punto llamado Hag's Head y se extienden a lo largo de 8 kilómetros hasta alcanzar una altura de 214 m.

Antiguamente utilizado como lugar de asentamiento de los vikingos, fortaleza militar, residencia real, sede del Tribunal de Justicia Irlandés, y sede de la Administración Inglesa en Irlanda, el Castillo de Dublín es utilizado hoy en día como lugar para la celebración de las recepciones estatales.

La Roca de Cashel sirvió como tradicional asentamiento de los reyes de Munster desde el siglo V, cientos de años antes de la invasión normanda, aunque solamente perduran unas pocas estructuras de los primeros tiempos. La mayoría de los edificios actuales datan del siglo XII y XIII. En 1101 los reyes cedieron la fortaleza a la iglesia, convirtiéndose en un importante centro eclesiástico hasta que fue destruido durante las Guerras confederadas de Irlanda en 1647, siendo masacrados todos sus ocupantes. En el siglo XVIII la abadía fue finalmente abandonada.

La abadía de Kylemore (originalmente, Castillo de Kylemore o Kylemore Castle), fue construida entre 1863 y 1868 como hogar privado para la familia de Mitchell Henry, político y empresario de Mánchester que fue también parlamentario por el condado de Galway entre 1871 y 1885. Tras cambiar de manos en dos ocasiones más, el castillo se transformó finalmente en abadía cuando las monjas benedictinas huyeron de Ypres (Bélgica) durante la Primera Guerra Mundial.

El Castillo de Kilkenny es un castillo situado en la localidad homónima del Condado de Kilkenny en la República de Irlanda. Esta fue la residencia de la familia Butler, antes llamada FitzWalter. El castillo fue vendido en 1967 a un comité encargado de restaurar castillos por £50. Poco tiempo después pasó a manos del Estado y fue abierto al público.

Catedral de San Patricio de Dublín

La Catedral de San Patricio en Dublín, antiguamente conocida como la Catedral Nacional y colegiata de San Patricio, es la mayor de las dos catedrales de la Iglesia de Irlanda.

Jardín Botánico Nacional de Irlanda

Los Jardines Botánicos Nacionales de Irlanda es un jardín botánico de unas 19,5 ha de extensión que se encuentra ubicado en Glasnevin, a unos 5 km al noroeste del centro de Dublín, República de Irlanda.

Catedral de la Santísima Trinidad de Dublín

La catedral de la Santísima Trinidad es la más antigua de las dos catedrales medievales de la ciudad, siendo la otra la Catedral de San Patricio. Ha sido la sede del arzobispo de Dublín desde los tiempos medievales y está consagrada a la Trinidad.

Sitio temático para contar la historia de la famosa cerveza irlandesa, con degustaciones y bar en la azotea.

Museo Irlandés de Arte Moderno

El Irish Museum of Modern Art, abrió en mayo de 1991 y es la institución nacional líder en exhibiciones y colecciones de arte moderno y contemporáneo. Está ubicado en el Hospital Real Kilmainham, un edificio del siglo XVII próximo a la Estación Heuston, al oeste del centro de Dublín.

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PRESENTACIÓN irlanda by Yasmín Leyte Dos Santos on Genially

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Irlanda The country has a single land border, with Northern Ireland, one of the constituent nations of the United Kingdom. The island is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean and has the Celtic Sea to the south, St. George's Channel to the southeast, and the Irish Sea to the east.