# data[].attributes.body
physical emotional and sexual abuse which occurs during domestic violence
emotional signs - being belittled, being blamed, isolation from friends and family, accusations, control of what you do and them monitoring you.

# data[].attributes.headline
Illegal exploitation of others for personal or economic gain. It includes sexual exploitation, domestic servitude, forced labour, criminal exploitation, and organ harvesting.

# data[].attributes.subject
Illegal exploitation of others for personal or economic gain. It includes sexual exploitation, domestic servitude, forced labour, criminal exploitation, and organ harvesting.

# data[].attributes.body
http://www.awp.nhs.uk/media/426555/easy-read-what-is-discriminatory-abuse-092014.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
Unfair treatment based on prejudice or the belief that someone else is different. It could based on gender, sex, age, disability, religion, race, cultural differences, ethnicity or nationality, professional or economic status...

# data[].attributes.headline
Modern Slavery is the recruitment, movement, harbouring or recieving of children, women or men through the use of force, coercion, abuse of vulnerability , deception or other means for the purpose of exploitation (Gov.Uk,2022)

# data[].attributes.subject
Modern Slavery is the recruitment, movement, harbouring or recieving of children, women or men through the use of force, coercion, abuse of vulnerability , deception or other means for the purpose of exploitation (Gov.Uk,2022)

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.coventry.gov.uk/coventry-safeguarding-adults-board/safeguarding-adults-life-stories/7

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
There are different types of adult abuse, some of which are also criminal offences. See below for more information about adult abuse, however please also note that evidence of one indicator should not be taken on its own as proof that abuse is happening. The list of indicators is not exhaustive, there are other indicators that do not appear here, and individuals may be subject to more than one type of abuse at the same time.

Types of discriminatory abuse

Unequal treatment based on age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion and belief, sex or sexual orientation (known as 'protected characteristics' under the Equality Act 2010)

Verbal abuse, derogatory remarks or inappropriate use of language related to a protected characteristic

Denying access to communication aids, not allowing access to an interpreter, signer or lip-reader

Harassment or deliberate exclusion on the grounds of a protected characteristic

Denying basic rights to healthcare, education, employment and criminal justice relating to a protected characteristic

Substandard service provision relating to a protected characteristic

Possible indicators of discriminatory abuse

The person appears withdrawn and isolated

Expressions of anger, frustration, fear or anxiety

The support on offer does not take account of the person's individual needs in terms of a protected characteristic

Real life example of discriminatory abuse

In Coventry recently, an adult woman was targeted, verbally abused in the street and verbally abused whenever she went outside her home. Her home was broken into and vandalised more than once. The cause of the abuse was the woman's mental health difficulties. and the abusers were both adults and children from the surrounding area.

The woman did not feel safe in her own home and wished to move out of the area to a perceived place of safety.

Professionals became involved and the woman now has regular managed contact with the police and the abusers have been spoken to by the police. She now feels safe.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Abuse and neglect of adults with care and support needs - Coventry City Council

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
There are different types of adult abuse, some of which are also criminal offences. See below for more information about adult abuse, however please also note that evidence of one indicator should not be taken on its own as proof that abuse is happening.

# data[].attributes.body
Intentional bodily harm or injury - Slapping, burning, punching, biting, kicking, forcing someone to take drugs and sexual abuse.
The symptoms and signs - Bruising, burns, cuts, black eyes, broken bones, seizures, isolation and withdrawal symptoms, being in constant pain and not going to the GP/hospital, on edge all the time, anxiety and panic attacks, frustrated, irregular sleeping and eating patterns, aggressiveness to the people who they normally get on well with, unusual behaviours etc.

# data[].attributes.headline
8 signs of modern slaveryEvidence of a workplace being used for accommodation.Workers are distrustful of authorities.Workers look uneasy, unkempt or malnourished.Signs of psychological trauma.Untreated injuries.Evidence of control over movement (being picked up and dropped off in groups)Signs of substance misuse.

# data[].attributes.subject
8 signs of modern slaveryEvidence of a workplace being used for accommodation.Workers are distrustful of authorities.Workers look uneasy, unkempt or malnourished.Signs of psychological trauma.Untreated injuries.Evidence of control over movement (being picked up and dropped off in groups)Signs of substance misuse.

# data[].attributes.body
signs Someone You Know Is Being Abused - Excuses for injuries - Personality changes, like low self-esteem in someone who was always confident - Constantly checking in with their partner - Never having money on hand - Overly worried about pleasing their partner - Skipping out on work, school, or social outings for no clear reason - Wearing clothes that don’t fit the season, like long sleeves in summer to cover bruises

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Domestic violence or abuse can happen to anyone. Find out how to recognise the signs and where to get help.
If you're worried someone might see you have visited this page, the Women's Aid website tells you how to cover your tracks online.

Domestic violence, also called domestic abuse, includes physical, emotional and sexual abuse in couple relationships or between family members.

Domestic violence can happen against anyone, and anybody can be an abuser.

Getting help and support for domestic violence

You do not have to wait for an emergency situation to find help. If domestic abuse is happening to you, it's important to tell someone and remember you're not alone.

Other ways to get support:

You can also email for support. It is important that you specify when and if it is safe to respond and to which email address:

The Survivor's Handbook from the charity Women's Aid is free and provides information for women on a wide range of issues, such as housing, money, helping your children, and your legal rights.

If you are worried that you are abusive, you can contact the free Respect helpline on 0808 802 4040.

Signs of domestic violence and abuse

There are different kinds of abuse, but it's always about having power and control over you.

If you answer yes to any of the following questions, you might be in an abusive relationship or experiencing domestic abuse.

Emotional abuse

Does your partner or someone you live with ever:

belittle you, or put you down?

blame you for the abuse or arguments?

deny that abuse is happening, or downplay it?

isolate you from your family and friends?

stop you going to college or work?

make unreasonable demands for your attention?

accuse you of flirting or having affairs?

tell you what to wear, who to see, where to go, and what to think?

control your money, or not give you enough to buy food or other essential things?

monitor your social media profiles, share photos or videos of you without your consent or use GPS locators to know where you are?

Threats and intimidation

Does your partner or someone you live with ever:

threaten to hurt or kill you?

destroy things that belong to you?

stand over you, invade your personal space?

threaten to kill themselves or the children?

read your emails, texts or letters?

harass or follow you?

Physical abuse

The person abusing you may hurt you in a number of ways.

Does your partner or someone you live with ever:

slap, hit or punch you?

push or shove you?

bite or kick you?

burn you?

choke you or hold you down?

throw things?

Sexual abuse

Sexual abuse can happen to anyone.

Does your partner or someone you live with ever:

touch you in a way you do not want to be touched?

make unwanted sexual demands?

hurt you during sex?

pressure you to have unsafe sex - for example, not using a condom?

pressure you to have sex?

If anyone has sex with you when you do not want to, this is rape. It is still rape if that person is your partner.

Have you ever felt afraid of your partner?

Have you ever changed your behaviour because you're afraid of what your partner might do?

If you think you may be in an abusive relationship, there are lots of people who can help you.

Domestic violence and abuse against women often starts during pregnancy. If the relationship is already abusive, it can get worse.

Find out more about domestic abuse in pregnancy.

If you decide to leave

The first step in escaping an abusive situation is realising that you're not alone and it's not your fault.

Before you go, try to get advice from an organisation such as:

If you're considering leaving, be careful who you tell. It's important the person abusing you does not know where you're going.

Women's Aid has useful information about making a safety plan that applies to both women and men, including advice if you decide to leave.

Helping a friend if they're being abused

If you're worried a friend is being abused, let them know you've noticed something is wrong.

They might not be ready to talk, but try to find quiet times when they can talk if they choose to.

If someone confides in you that they're suffering domestic abuse:

listen, and take care not to blame them

acknowledge it takes strength to talk to someone about experiencing abuse

give them time to talk, but do not push them to talk if they do not want to

acknowledge they're in a frightening and difficult situation

tell them nobody deserves to be threatened or beaten, despite what the abuser has said

support them as a friend, encourage them to express their feelings, and allow them to make their own decisions

do not tell them to leave the relationship or leave home if they're not ready - that's their decision

ask if they have suffered physical harm and if they have, offer to go with them to a hospital or GP

help them report the assault to the police if they choose to

be ready to provide information about organisations that offer help for people experiencing domestic abuse

Video: domestic violence

In this video, 2 women describe their experiences of domestic abuse.

Sexual assault

Anyone who has been sexually assaulted can get confidential help, treatment and support at a sexual assault referral centre.
Read more about getting help after rape and sexual assault Find your nearest sexual assault referral centre

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Getting help for domestic violence and abuse

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Find out about the signs of domestic violence and abuse, and where to get help. Domestic violence and abuse can happen against women and against men, and anyone can be an abuser.

# data[].attributes.headline
Spotting the Signs of DiscriminationVerbal abuse, derogatory remarks or inappropriate use of language linked to a protected characteristicActs or comments motivated to harm and damage, including inciting others to commit abusive actsHarassment or deliberate exclusion on the grounds of a protected characteristicSub-standard service provision relating to a protected characteristicDenying access to communication aids, or not allowing access to an interpreter, signer or lipreaderThe person appears withdrawn and isolatedExpressions of anger, frustration, fear or anxietyAn adult making complaints about the service not meeting their need

# data[].attributes.subject
Spotting the Signs of DiscriminationVerbal abuse, derogatory remarks or inappropriate use of language linked to a protected characteristicActs or comments motivated to harm and damage, including inciting others to commit abusive actsHarassment or deliberate exclusion on the grounds of a protected characteristicSub-standard service provision relating to a protected characteristicDenying access to communication aids, or not allowing access to an interpreter, signer or lipreaderThe person appears withdrawn and isolatedExpressions of anger, frustration, fear or anxietyAn adult making complaints about the service not meeting their need

# data[].attributes.body
Symptoms of discriminatory abuse:
- withdrawal and isolation
- Anger, frustration, fear, anxiety, changes in their self-care routine...

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Discriminatory Abuse | Teeswide Safeguarding Adults Board

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What is Discrimination? Discrimination is the unjust or prejudicial treatment or harassment towards different categories of people including race, gender and gender identity, disability, sexual orientation or religion. Race, gender, disability etc. are known as ‘protected characteristics’. The list…

# data[].attributes.headline
Self-neglect is a general term used to describe a vulnerable adult living in a way that puts his or her health, safety, or well-being at risk.Self-neglect by vulnerable adults is a serious problem.  It can be difficult to know when or if you should get involved.  Law enforcement and social service agencies cannot be everywhere. Your help is needed.

# data[].attributes.subject
Self-neglect is a general term used to describe a vulnerable adult living in a way that puts his or her health, safety, or well-being at risk.Self-neglect by vulnerable adults is a serious problem.  It can be difficult to know when or if you should get involved.  Law enforcement and social service agencies cannot be everywhere. Your help is needed.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Self-neglect is a general term used to describe a vulnerable adult living in a way that puts his or her health, safety, or well-being at risk.

Self-neglect by vulnerable adults is a serious problem. It can be difficult to know when or if you should get involved. Law enforcement and social service agencies cannot be everywhere. Your help is needed.

Learn more about:

What is self-neglect?

Vulnerable adults who neglect themselves are unwilling or unable to do needed self-care. This can include such things as:

Not eating enough food to the point of malnourishment.

Wearing clothes that are filthy, torn, or not suited for the weather.

Living in filthy, unsanitary, or hazardous conditions.

Not getting needed medical care.

Common characteristics of people who neglect themselves.

There are some common characteristics of a adults who neglect themselves. He or she is more likely to:

Live alone.

Be women (possibility because more women than men live alone).

Be depressed and/or increasingly confused.

Be frail and elderly.

Have alcohol and drug problems.

Have a history of poor personal hygiene or living conditions.

Signs to look for
The Home

Not enough food, water, heat.

Filth or bad odors, hazardous, unsafe, or unclean living conditions.

Major repairs are needed and not done.

Human or animal feces.

Hoarding: nothing is thrown away, stacks of papers, magazines.

Animal or insect infestation.

The Person

Poor personal hygiene (dirty hair, nails, skin).

Smells of feces or urine.

Unclothed, or improperly dressed for weather.

Skin rashes or bed sores (pressure ulcers).

Dehydrated, malnourished or weight loss..

Absence of needed dentures, eyeglasses, hearing aids, walkers, wheelchairs, braces, or a commode.

Increased dementia, confusion, disorientation.

Unexpected or unexplained worsening of health or living conditions.

Spending too much time alone or isolated from former activities.

Lack of interest or concern about life.

Untreated medical conditions.

Self-destructive behaviors or significant behavior changes.

Hallucinations, delusions.

Misusing drugs or alcohol.

What families, friends, neighbors, and service providers can do to help.

Social support by family, members of the community, and service providers is very important in helping vulnerable adults remain safely in the community.

Family and friends:

Learn what signs and symptoms to look for.

Help the adult to reduce isolation as much as possible. Community services such as friendly visiting, regular telephone calls, and volunteer driving may help reduce the isolation of a vulnerable adult.

Stay in contact.

Talk to the person. Sometime just allowing someone to express themselves opens the door to finding solutions. Help the person review options and make his or her own choices.

Help the person accept help from others.

Help the person get any services he or she may need.

Get help from Adult Protective Services if you are concerned an adult may be self-neglecting.

If a vulnerable adult chooses to be neglectful, you must respect his or her choice in any attempt to help.

Neighbors:

Stay alert to any changes that might indicate a problem with an aging neighbor. Are newspapers piling up on the porch? Are treasured animals loosing weight or uncared for? Is there a significant, negative change in the person's routine?

If you become concerned, go over and knock on the door. Many people do not make this step because they don't want to intrude. Law enforcement and social service agencies cannot be everywhere. Your help is needed and may be easier for the person to accept than help from an agency or law enforcement.

Listen and offer your support.

Get help from Adult Protective Services if you are concerned an adult may be self-neglecting.

Call 911 if the person needs immediate medical attention or is in danger of immediate harm.

Mail carriers, utility workers, other service providers

Stay alert to any changes that might indicate a problem with an aging customer. Is mail or newspapers piling up? Is there a significant, negative change in his or her behavior that concerns you? Stay alert for signs a person may be in trouble.

If you become concerned, knock on the door. Law enforcement and social service agencies cannot be everywhere. Your help is needed.

If the person does not answer the door and you are concerned for their safety, call 911 and ask for a welfare check.

Get help from Adult Protective Services if you are concerned an adult may be self-neglecting.

Police and other first responders

Tips for preventing self neglect as you age.

Isolation is common among all types of self-neglect. Avoiding spending too much time alone is very important.

Stay in touch with others. Become involved in senior center activities, church functions, or other groups in your community.

Get to know your neighbors.

Make sure another person or two is aware of your health status on a regular basis.

Schedule and go to regular medical and dental appointments.

What can be done by Adult Protective Services (APS)?

APS can be part of a community's involvement in aiding a self-neglecting vulnerable adult. With the person's consent, APS will do everything possible to ensure his or her safety and well-being once the case has been reported and investigated.

Some adults may refuse help. This presents a dilemma for anyone trying to help a self-neglecting adult. How do you balance the person's right to this independence and help make sure he or she is safe and well?

There is no easy answer and each case must be treated individually. Help by family, friends, services providers, APS, or health care interventions can be offered but the person has to accept that help.

APS can't remove a person from his or her home against their will or force them to accept help. Because of this, APS staff and law enforcement are sometimes stopped from providing help to people who need it.

APS can intervene without the consent of the vulnerable adult only if all other avenues have been exhausted, the person is found incompetent by the courts, and a court order has been granted to appoint a legal guardian to make decisions on his or her behalf.

A person who refuses help may eventually accept it. It is important for everyone to stay involved and support the vulnerable adult as much as he or she will allow.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Self-neglect is a general term used to describe a vulnerable adult living in a way that puts his or her health, safety, or well-being at risk. Self-neglect by vulnerable adults is a serious problem. It can be difficult to know when or if you should get involved.

# data[].attributes.headline
In England, neglect in the case of children is defined as the repeated failure to provide a child's basic bodily and/or psychological needs, resulting in substantial harm to the child's health or development. Substance misuse by the mother might cause pregnancy neglect.https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/268884/h11_introduction_to_definitions.pdf

# data[].attributes.subject
In England, neglect in the case of children is defined as the repeated failure to provide a child's basic bodily and/or psychological needs, resulting in substantial harm to the child's health or development. Substance misuse by the mother might cause pregnancy neglect.https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/268884/h11_introduction_to_definitions.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
Sexual Abuse Any child can be sexually abused, but it's vital to realise that both boys and girls can be molested. Children with disabilities, as well as children who are experiencing neglect or other forms of abuse, are more vulnerable to sexual abuse. They may not be able to understand what is happening to them is abuse, or they may not be able to tell someone. Most sexually abused children were victimised by someone they knew, such as a family member, a friend or family acquaintance, a teacher, or a sports coach. Someone they know can also sexually assault children online. The sexual assault could be one-time or the perpetrator could develop a relationship with the child.

# data[].attributes.body
A support worker would report any obvious signs to their safeguarding officer at their work place

# data[].attributes.body
A support worker would report any obvious signs to their safeguarding officer at their work place

# data[].attributes.body
Home - Women's Aid (womensaid.org.uk)

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Women's Aid is a grassroots federation working together to provide life-saving services and build a future where domestic violence is not tolerated.

# data[].attributes.body
non-physical, verbal abuse - Bullying, belittling an individual, insulting, name calling, shouting/yelling, intentional provocation of fear and foul language, swearing.
Signs and symptoms - Withdrawn, avoiding friends, family and social interaction, depression, low self-esteem, not being motivated to do anything e.g. go to the gym, not go to work, cause a range of noticeable mental illnesses e.g. anorexia - eating disorders, body dysmorphia, bulimia, self harming, suicidal thoughts, start taking drugs or excessive alcohol intake as a form of escapism, lying and stealing.

# data[].attributes.body
Financial abuse is defined as, having money or other property stolen, being cheated, being put under financial or other property pressure, or having money or other property exploited.

-Someone who harms, deprives, or disadvantages the victim by taking or exploiting their money or goods for their own gain.

-Having control over someone's purchases or financial resources

-Frequently linked to other forms of abuse

-It isn't always associated with a crime such as stealing or deception.
-Asking clients to buy you gifts, shopping. Using their bank card.
-Borrowing money and not giving it back—
-Stealing money or belongings
-Taking pension payments or other benefit away from someone
-Taking money as payment for coming to visit or spending time together
-Forcing someone to sell their home or assets without consent
-Tricking someone into bad investments
-Forcing someone to make changes in wills, property or inheritance
-Unexplained money loss
-Lack of money to pay for essentials such as rent, bills and food
-Inability to access or check bank accounts and bank balance

Report financial abuse – you can contact your local safeguarding adults board, Manager, Teachers.

# data[].attributes.headline
Neglect could arise from carelessness, indifference, unwillingness and and deliberate abuse on the part of the caregiver

# data[].attributes.subject
Neglect could arise from carelessness, indifference, unwillingness and and deliberate abuse on the part of the caregiver

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-body/getting-help-for-domestic-violence/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Domestic violence or abuse can happen to anyone. Find out how to recognise the signs and where to get help.
If you're worried someone might see you have visited this page, the Women's Aid website tells you how to cover your tracks online.

Domestic violence, also called domestic abuse, includes physical, emotional and sexual abuse in couple relationships or between family members.

Domestic violence can happen against anyone, and anybody can be an abuser.

Getting help and support for domestic violence

You do not have to wait for an emergency situation to find help. If domestic abuse is happening to you, it's important to tell someone and remember you're not alone.

Other ways to get support:

You can also email for support. It is important that you specify when and if it is safe to respond and to which email address:

The Survivor's Handbook from the charity Women's Aid is free and provides information for women on a wide range of issues, such as housing, money, helping your children, and your legal rights.

If you are worried that you are abusive, you can contact the free Respect helpline on 0808 802 4040.

Signs of domestic violence and abuse

There are different kinds of abuse, but it's always about having power and control over you.

If you answer yes to any of the following questions, you might be in an abusive relationship or experiencing domestic abuse.

Emotional abuse

Does your partner or someone you live with ever:

belittle you, or put you down?

blame you for the abuse or arguments?

deny that abuse is happening, or downplay it?

isolate you from your family and friends?

stop you going to college or work?

make unreasonable demands for your attention?

accuse you of flirting or having affairs?

tell you what to wear, who to see, where to go, and what to think?

control your money, or not give you enough to buy food or other essential things?

monitor your social media profiles, share photos or videos of you without your consent or use GPS locators to know where you are?

Threats and intimidation

Does your partner or someone you live with ever:

threaten to hurt or kill you?

destroy things that belong to you?

stand over you, invade your personal space?

threaten to kill themselves or the children?

read your emails, texts or letters?

harass or follow you?

Physical abuse

The person abusing you may hurt you in a number of ways.

Does your partner or someone you live with ever:

slap, hit or punch you?

push or shove you?

bite or kick you?

burn you?

choke you or hold you down?

throw things?

Sexual abuse

Sexual abuse can happen to anyone.

Does your partner or someone you live with ever:

touch you in a way you do not want to be touched?

make unwanted sexual demands?

hurt you during sex?

pressure you to have unsafe sex - for example, not using a condom?

pressure you to have sex?

If anyone has sex with you when you do not want to, this is rape. It is still rape if that person is your partner.

Have you ever felt afraid of your partner?

Have you ever changed your behaviour because you're afraid of what your partner might do?

If you think you may be in an abusive relationship, there are lots of people who can help you.

Domestic violence and abuse against women often starts during pregnancy. If the relationship is already abusive, it can get worse.

Find out more about domestic abuse in pregnancy.

If you decide to leave

The first step in escaping an abusive situation is realising that you're not alone and it's not your fault.

Before you go, try to get advice from an organisation such as:

If you're considering leaving, be careful who you tell. It's important the person abusing you does not know where you're going.

Women's Aid has useful information about making a safety plan that applies to both women and men, including advice if you decide to leave.

Helping a friend if they're being abused

If you're worried a friend is being abused, let them know you've noticed something is wrong.

They might not be ready to talk, but try to find quiet times when they can talk if they choose to.

If someone confides in you that they're suffering domestic abuse:

listen, and take care not to blame them

acknowledge it takes strength to talk to someone about experiencing abuse

give them time to talk, but do not push them to talk if they do not want to

acknowledge they're in a frightening and difficult situation

tell them nobody deserves to be threatened or beaten, despite what the abuser has said

support them as a friend, encourage them to express their feelings, and allow them to make their own decisions

do not tell them to leave the relationship or leave home if they're not ready - that's their decision

ask if they have suffered physical harm and if they have, offer to go with them to a hospital or GP

help them report the assault to the police if they choose to

be ready to provide information about organisations that offer help for people experiencing domestic abuse

Video: domestic violence

In this video, 2 women describe their experiences of domestic abuse.

Sexual assault

Anyone who has been sexually assaulted can get confidential help, treatment and support at a sexual assault referral centre.
Read more about getting help after rape and sexual assault Find your nearest sexual assault referral centre

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Getting help for domestic violence and abuse

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Find out about the signs of domestic violence and abuse, and where to get help. Domestic violence and abuse can happen against women and against men, and anyone can be an abuser.

# data[].attributes.body
Modern Slavery Act 2015 - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
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This page contains an overview of the Modern Slavery Act and supporting documents.

The Modern Slavery Act will give law enforcement the tools to fight modern slavery, ensure perpetrators can receive suitably severe punishments for these appalling crimes and enhance support and protection for victims. It received Royal Assent on Thursday 26 March 2015.

The act will:

consolidate and simplify existing offences into a single act

ensure that perpetrators receive suitably severe punishments for modern slavery crimes (including life sentences)

enhance the court's ability to put restrictions on individuals where it's necessary to protect people from the harm caused by modern slavery offences

create an independent anti-slavery commissioner to improve and better coordinate the response to modern slavery

introduce a defence for victims of slavery and trafficking

place a duty on the secretary of state to produce statutory guidance on victim identification and victim services

enable the secretary of state to make regulations relating to the identification of and support for victims

make provision for independent child trafficking advocates

introduce a new reparation order to encourage the courts to compensate victims where assets are confiscated from perpetrators

enable law enforcement to stop boats where slaves are suspected of being held or trafficked

require businesses over a certain size to disclose each year what action they have taken to ensure there is no modern slavery in their business or supply chains

The Modern Slavery Act and its explanatory notes are available on the Parliament website.

Guidance for enforcement officers

Announcements

Independent reviews

Consultations

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This page contains an overview of the Modern Slavery Act and supporting documents.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.counselling-directory.org.uk/emotional-abuse.html

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What is emotional abuse?

Most people know what physical or sexual abuse is, but when it comes to emotional abuse, some people think of it more of a 'grey area'. They might know it has something to do with treating someone else badly, but not be clear on what's actually classed as emotional abuse.

The problem is, unlike with other types of abuse, there are no scars or marks, so emotional abuse can be difficult to identify. But, these behaviours can be incredibly damaging to our mental health and if not dealt with, the torment can continue indefinitely and can have far-reaching effects.

Some people may be hesitant about using the phrase 'emotional abuse' when describing how someone else is treating them. It's important to remember that any behaviour that makes you feel controlled, small, unable to talk or seek help, is abusive.

If someone is stopping you from expressing yourself, is belittling your opinions, is making you doubt events or experiences you know to be true (known as gaslighting), this is abusive behaviour. If you find yourself changing how you act to better accommodate their behaviour, or find yourself feeling scared or anxious about their reactions, this is abusive behaviour.

What if my partner has reasons for behaving this way?

If someone's behaviour is making you feel uncomfortable, upset, anxious, or scared, past experiences may be a reason - but they shouldn't be used as an excuse.

There can be many reasons why a person acts abusively towards another. Emotionally abusive individuals may have grown up in an environment where there may have been a challenging family setting, where shouting or sarcasm may have led them towards feeling insecure, or where they may have themselves experienced other forms of abuse.

While this may be something to consider as part of couples counselling, understanding these past experiences doesn't excuse current or future abusive behaviour. Abusers can often find it difficult to handle their feelings and may blame their problems on others instead. Regardless of the reasons, this does not excuse the behaviour. No one has the right to make you feel frightened or worthless and you do not deserve to feel this way.
You deserve to feel safe in sharing your opinion, speaking up, and sharing your experiences. No-one has the right to make you feel small, scared, or less than.
Types of emotional abuse

There are many different types of abuse and although emotional abuse may occur on its own, you may also face physical or sexual abuse alongside it. There are a variety of types of behaviour that could be classed as emotional abuse, which include:

Intimidation or threats. This is often done to make a person feel small and to stop them from standing up for themselves. This could be things like shouting, acting aggressively or making you feel scared.

Criticism. This could be things like name-calling or making unpleasant, belittling comments. It can also include refusing to acknowledge your successes, belittling your strengths or accomplishments. This can heavily affect your self-esteem and self-confidence.

Undermining. This might include things like dismissing your opinion or disputing your version of events (a form of gaslighting) so that you begin to doubt yourself. They might tell you that you're being oversensitive if you get upset.

Making you feel guilty. This can range from emotional blackmail to ignoring you, by way of manipulation. Or they may suddenly act really nice towards you after being cruel - making you feel sorry for them.

Name-calling. They may use derogatory names or phrases when speaking with you, put you down in conversations, or say things to make you feel bad about yourself. These hurtful things may be disguised as a 'joke' or played off as sarcasm when questioned.

Different treatment. An emotionally abusive partner, friend or sibling may treat you differently from your siblings, other friends, or family. They may also put you in dangerous situations, try to control you, or put pressure on you to do things that you aren't comfortable with or don't want to do.

Isolation. This can include stopping you from having friends, making you doubt if friends or other family members really care about you, or trying to exclude you from gatherings or events. If your partner constantly requires you to check-in, wants to know where you are, who you are with, or required proof of where you are or who you are with, these can be further signs of controlling and isolating behaviours.

Withholding affection, sex, or money. This may be as a method of controlling you, trying to make you change your behaviours or opinions.

Signs of emotional abuse in children and teens

Young people may not feel comfortable or able to reach out until they reach a crisis point. For children, they may not understand what is happening to them or that what is happening is wrong.

If you're worried about a child, signs to look out for include:

a lack of confidence or self-assurance

trouble dealing with their emotions

difficulty making (or maintaining) friendships or other relationships, including few or no friends, as well as isolation from their parents

behaviour that is inappropriate or unusual for their age

extreme outbursts or a lack of social skills

For pre-school aged children, signs may also include being overly-affectionate with strangers, seeming wary or anxious, a lack of a close bond with their parents, aggressive or cruel behaviour towards other children or animals.

Emotional abuse is generally about control. Sometimes this is explicit; if you are told when and where you can go out, or whether you can see certain people. Other times, however, it might be more implicit; neglect or withholding affection may seem less abusive than more outwardly aggressive behaviours, but can be just as hurtful.

How do I know if I'm being emotionally abused?

Conflict, arguments and criticism are all healthy ways of interacting with others - but there is a clear difference between this and emotional abuse: the way we feel.

If you're on the receiving end, it can be extremely damaging and upsetting - and this is reflected in the law; The Serious Crime Act 2015. This makes behaviour that is 'controlling or coercive', in an intimate or family relationship, punishable by a prison sentence.

I'm being emotionally abused - what do I do?

If you think you may be experiencing emotional abuse, or are worried that a loved one is being emotionally abused, there are things you can do to help.

Speak out. Telling someone you are being abused means you no longer have to deal with it alone. Anonymous helplines can offer a safe, judgement-free place to talk through any worries or concerns if you feel nervous or unsure about speaking to anyone in-person, or aren't sure if you are ready to open up to friends or family.

Keep records. Keeping a diary of what is happening to you can help to remind you of the scale and scope of the emotional abuse you are experiencing. When abusers are being nice, it can be easy to forget, overlook, or convince ourselves that past events 'weren't that bad' or must have become overblown in our memories. Keeping a diary of events and how they made you feel can help you to put their behaviour in perspective.

Prioritise you. Make your mental and physical health a priority, and start taking care of your needs rather than worrying about pleasing others. Practising self-care, ensuring you get enough sleep, and eating balanced, regular meals can all help you to feel more able to deal with day-to-day stress and challenges that may arise.

Stop blaming yourself. People who have been emotionally abused may believe it is their fault, that they have done something to make them 'deserve' what is happening, or that something is wrong with them. Abuse is never ok. You are not the problem. Recognising that you are worthy of having your own opinions, feeling safe, and being able to express yourself can be the first step towards escaping the cycle of self-blame and guilt, and acknowledging that you are not to blame.

Work on an exit plan. If the person who is being emotionally abusive, be they your partner, family member, or friend, has no intention of changing or working towards fixing problem behaviours, creating an exit plan may be one way to help you escape the cycle of abuse. Emotional abuse can take a toll, mentally and physically. If things become too much, you may need to take steps to remove yourself safely from the relationship.

As each situation is different and unique, it may be best to discuss your thoughts and plans with a trusted friend, family member, counsellor, or to speak with a helpline for advice and guidance on your next steps.

Worried about someone? Be supportive. If you are worried someone else may be experiencing emotional abuse, try to talk with them. Let them know that you care, that people do love and appreciate them, and if they need to talk, they can reach out to you (or helplines or someone else, if you do not feel comfortable or confident).

Am I emotionally abusive?

Recognising that your behaviour may be emotionally abusive can be tough. Emotional abusers may not actively be aware that they are being abusive, however, it is possible to pick up habits, fall into negative patterns, or to even be influenced by the relationships and behaviours we have seen around us that may not be healthy.

Signs to look out for can include:

You have trouble accepting that there are two sides to an argument. Apologising or recognising that you may have been wrong or have overreacted can be tough, but in healthy relationships, couples apologise and look at ways to improve and move forward together. If you struggle to accept your role or contribution in an argument, it can be a warning sign.

Has your partner become a people pleaser? If their behaviour has changed, it could be worth considering why they are now acting this way, and if there is anything in your relationship that may be contributing to this. Some people who have experienced emotional abuse may try to please others in an attempt to feel more secure, as their self-esteem may have been impacted.

You use 'silent treatment' frequently. Trying to control others and get your own way doesn't just mean screaming, shouting, or saying cruel or hurtful things. Refusing to talk about what has upset you and keeping your partner in suspense of what will happen can be ways of controlling others.

Taking a step back and returning to the conversation can be a good way to avoid heated arguments or saying things you may regret, but if you are shutting down the conversation or refusing to discuss things, these can be warning signs.

You minimise or ignore ongoing issues. It can be tempting to downplay things when they are going wrong, but repeatedly brushing them off, refusing to face them, or denying that anything is wrong can create a sense of frustration, may leave your partner feeling unable to speak with you, or could border on gaslighting behaviour.

You put them down, instead of helping build them up. Making someone else feel or look bad to put yourself in a better light, or to make yourself feel better is never ok. This can be a sign that you may have self-esteem issues.

Part of being in a healthy partnership is supporting and contributing towards each other's well-being. This could be through offering help and supportive words through new projects or hobbies, career moves, or acknowledging each other's skills or successes. Being kind, rather than looking good, as well as listening and behaving in a way that shows love are care are all key ways of helping to build up self-esteem.
If you are worried about your relationship, or are concerned that you may need help and support learning new ways to cope with stress, anger, anxiety, or unhealthy behaviours, working with a counsellor or therapist could help.
Common misconceptions surrounding emotional abuse

There are a number of myths and misconceptions that surround emotional abuse. For instance, some people believe that emotional abuse is merely another term for 'verbal abuse'. It is true that emotional abuse does often include verbal abuse, but it can involve non-verbal and other non-physical forms of abuse. For example, being ignored.

Some common misconceptions include:

'Emotional abuse only happens in romantic relationships' - when we think of emotional abuse, many people will picture a couple or a parent and child scenario. Whilst emotional abuse is commonly a part of domestic violence and child abuse, there are many other relationships that be affected by emotional abuse. These can include friendships and working relationships, too.

'Emotional abuse only affects women' - while the majority of abuse victims (particularly in a domestic setting) are women, all forms of abuse can also happen to men and non-binary individuals too.

People with a disability can also be vulnerable to emotional abuse. Sadly, in some cases, a person's caregiver and abuser are one and the same. These situations are especially risky, since the person with the disability may be dependent on their caregiver for basic needs.

At the time, I didn't think Mike was treating me badly. He was giving me everything I'd ever wanted and that I'd never had before - love, acceptance, happiness, support, understanding. The problem was that I didn't get any of that without emotional blackmail, mind games and pressure that resulted in sexual abuse.

- Phil shares his story, fighting for the rights of other male abuse victims.

What are the effects of emotional abuse?

Experiencing abuse of any kind can lead to a number of different emotions. There is no right or wrong way to feel. You may experience some (or all) of the following:

increased isolation from friends and family

fearful or agitated behaviour

lower self-esteem and self-confidence

addiction to alcohol or drugs

escapist behaviour

In children, emotional abuse can lead to behavioural, emotional development, and mental health problems. This can include self-harming behaviour, trouble with language development, difficulty in forming and maintaining healthy relationships, They may be more likely to experience depression, have trouble expressing and controlling their emotions, may lack confidence, or develop risky behaviours (such as bullying, stealing, or running away).

Emotional abuse can damage a person's confidence so that they feel worthless and find it hard to make or keep other relationships. Secrecy and shame usually maintain abuse.

One of the hardest things about emotional abuse is that, through a campaign of blame, undermining, criticism and gaslighting, it can cause you to lose trust in yourself.

- Counsellor Jo Baker.

You mustn't lose trust in yourself. Your feelings may have been frequently invalidated or dismissed and you may have suppressed your feelings for believing that they are wrong. But you must remember that the person who has taken control of your emotions has done so wrongly.

You are not worth less than other people and you can be happy and confident again.

When is the right time to seek help?

If your behaviour starts to change and you are no longer able to find satisfaction in your work or social life, it is time to consider seeking help.

If people you trust express concern about you or your relationship, one of the best things you can do is talk to them about what's going on. Talking to someone outside of the situation can help give you a little perspective. They can help you to assess whether this relationship is abusive and whether you would be better without this person in your life.

Emotional abuse can have a damaging effect on you, so it is important to seek help and support to prevent it from becoming entrenched. Learning to care for your own needs and to feel entitled to be confident and respected is a good start to being able to claim your own self-esteem.

I began meditating again, I prayed and I surrounded myself with personal development resources that I knew would help me reconnect with my true self. Even though I was still living with him, I gradually detached emotionally and mentally. I began seeing everything more clearly.

- Holly shares how she moved forward from an emotionally abusive relationship.

Finding help and support for emotional abuse
It can be helpful to seek help from a counsellor or therapist in order to help you see a way out and escape from a cycle of powerlessness.
You may not feel comfortable speaking to loved ones about what is going on, or maybe you have, yet they aren't sure of how to help you further. Counselling offers you a safe space to talk, without fear and without judgement. They can listen to you, and help you come to terms with what has happened, and understand your options for moving forward.

If you are no longer in an abusive relationship, but still feel the effects from what the other person put you through, a counsellor can help you come to terms with what has happened and move forward with your life. Trusting new people might feel especially difficult right now - but it will get easier. Finding a counsellor you trust and connect with is particularly important in helping you do this.

Counselling, psychotherapy and CBT all have their place and for many people, it is the beginning of a long, but rewarding journey to a better and more fulfilling way of living by breaking old, unhealthy patterns.

If you're unsure what you should be looking for in a counsellor, therapist or psychotherapist, try asking yourself these five questions. Choosing the right kind of help for you can be daunting; here are some of the signs that can suggest that you are on the right track and have found a counsellor who could work for you.

Further help

Childline - for more information tailored for children on emotional abuse and what you can do if you are worried about yourself or a friend.

Galop - the LGBT+ anti-violence charity offers advice, support and advocacy for those who have experienced abuse (emotional, psychological, financial, or sexual).

Live Fear Free - part of Welsh Women's Aid. Speak with someone confidentially, free of charge 24/7 and find out more about getting help and support in your local area.

ManKind - confidential help for men experiencing domestic abuse and violence.

National Domestic Violence Helpline - discover more about domestic abuse, your rights, keeping safe, and the support Refuge can offer.

NSPCC - find out more about the effects of emotional abuse on children, where you can get help, and what you can do if you are worried you about your behaviour.

Relate - learn more about emotional abuse, recognising the signs, and the next steps to find help.

Respect - if you're worried you might be emotionally abusing someone, you can get help and support to better recognise and change your behaviour.

Women's Aid - email, or chat online, discover more about getting help with housing, safety planning and dealing with the police with the help of the survivor's handbook, and speak with other women in a supportive community.

Related topics

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Emotional Abuse Counselling - Counselling Directory

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Most people know what physical or sexual abuse is, but when it comes to emotional abuse, some people think of it more of a 'grey area'. They might know it has something to do with treating someone else badly, but not be clear on what's actually classed as emotional abuse.

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Sexual abuse is sexual behavior or a sexual act forced upon a woman, man or child without their consent. Sexual abuse includes abuse of a woman, man or child by a man, woman or child.

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Sexual abuse is sexual behavior or a sexual act forced upon a woman, man or child without their consent. Sexual abuse includes abuse of a woman, man or child by a man, woman or child.

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https://www.samaritans.org.au/services/domestic-and-family-violence

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Samaritans provides domestic and family violence support to women and children escaping domestic violence in Taree and Kempsey. We can help you with advocacy, urgent accommodation, complex housing issues, outreach and provide you with confidential and safe support. We can also connect you to a network of professional services depending on your needs.

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Domestic and family violence | Samaritans

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Samaritans provides domestic and family violence support to women and children escaping domestic violence in Taree and Kempsey. We can help you with advocacy, urgent accommodation, complex housing issues, outreach and provide you with confidential and safe support. We can also connect you to a network of professional services depending on your needs.

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Signs of self neglect:
- Poor hygiene, unkept appearance.
- Unhealthy, untidy living environment
- Poor social habits and lack of support network. Isolation.
- Inability or refusal to care for basic needs, such as poor eating habits.
- Lack of care for life, self destructive behaviour.
- Untreated medical conditions

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Find out about sexual assault and rape, where to get help and whether it has to be reported to the police, plus how to find a sexual assault referral centre.

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https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/family/gender-violence/domestic-violence-and-abuse

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Domestic abuse is behaviour from a family member, partner or ex-partner. It can include:

physical or sexual abuse

violent or threatening behaviour

psychological or emotional abuse

coercive behaviour - for example, humiliation or intimidation

controlling behaviour - for example, making someone feel less important or dependent on the abuser

'economic abuse' - this includes controlling someone's possessions or how they earn or spend money

Domestic abuse can happen to men or women. It can include harassment, stalking, female genital mutilation, forced marriage and 'honour-based' abuse. It can also include trafficking - get help if you think you've been trafficked.

If you've been affected

If you are the victim of an abusive relationship, you might want to:

find somewhere safe to stay

stay in your home and get the person who is harming you to leave

report the violence to the police

get a court order to stop your abusive partner from harming or threatening you

take legal action

get help from a charity or another organisation

Whatever you want to do, there are organisations that can give you advice and help.

Finding somewhere safe to stay

You may need somewhere safe to stay, either alone or with your children. If you want to stay at home, you could get legal protection to keep the abuser away.

If you can't stay at home, you could:

stay with relatives or friends

stay in a refuge

get emergency accommodation from the local authority under homeless persons law

get privately rented accommodation

Finding a refuge

Refuges provide somewhere safe for people and their children to stay and think about what to do next.

Staff at refuges support people who've experienced domestic abuse. They can give emotional and practical support - for example, advice on benefit claims, which solicitors to use and, if necessary, how to contact the police.

If you're a woman you can contact the National Domestic Abuse Helpline on their website.

Helpline staff will tell you which refuges have spaces. They are also happy to answer questions.

If you're a man, you can contact the Men's Advice Line on their website.

Going to the local authority or Housing Executive

Local authorities have a legal duty to provide help to certain people who are homeless or threatened with homelessness.

You will normally be considered to be legally homeless if it is not reasonable for you to occupy your home because of the risk or fear of domestic abuse.

Local authorities should deal sympathetically with applications from people who are in fear of violence. You can ask for a private interview, with someone of the same sex, and can take a friend with you for support.

The local authority may have a duty to provide emergency accommodation for you while it decides whether you are legally homeless.

If it is outside of normal office hours, you should telephone the local authority's emergency out-of-hours number for help with emergency housing.

Check if you can apply for homeless help.

Going to privately rented accommodation

If you decide to go into privately rented accommodation you will be unlikely to be able to arrange it quickly - but it could be an option if you have time to plan your departure.

Reporting the violence to the police

Many kinds of domestic abuse are criminal offences and the police can arrest, caution or charge the perpetrator.

Most police stations have Domestic Violence Units or Community Safety Units with specially trained officers to deal with domestic violence and abuse.

You can call 999 in an emergency or 101 in a non-emergency or you can attend a police station in person to report an incident. Find your nearest police station on the UK Police Service Portal. You should tell the police what's happened and let them know if you're worried about your safety.

The police will decide if they'll arrest the abuser - if they don't arrest them, you might still be able to get legal protection from the court. For example, you could apply for an order to keep them away from your home.

If the police arrest and charge a perpetrator, they will decide whether to keep them in custody or release them on bail.

There will usually be conditions attached to their bail to protect you from further abuse. Make sure you ask for your crime reference number which you may need if you contact other agencies for help.

The Crown Prosecution Service or the police will make the final decision on whether your abusive partner is prosecuted, depending on the offence. If they're prosecuted, you might have to go to court. If you're worried about going to court, you can get free help and support from the Citizens Advice Witness Service. You can find more information on the criminal prosecution process on the Women's Aid website.

The police can also give you advice on crime prevention and getting something called a police marker on your address, so an officer can get to your home as quickly as possible.

Get legal protection

You can ask the court to:

You can apply for a non-molestation order or an occupation order using a free tool called CourtNav that's run by RCJ Citizens Advice. This is a Citizens Advice office which specialises in legal services.

The CourtNav system will help you find the best way forward and check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. It will either:

You need to give an address where you're staying - you can choose for your address not to be shared with your partner.

You can start an application through CourtNav.

Domestic Violence Protection Notices and Orders

If you've experienced or been threatened with domestic abuse, the police can issue a Domestic Violence Protection Notice. This will protect you from abuse for 48 hours. If the police think you're still in danger, they can apply to the magistrates' court for a Domestic Violence Protection Order.

A Domestic Violence Protection Order can protect you from further abuse, and if you live with the perpetrator, ban them from returning to the home and contacting you. If the perpetrator does not keep to the Order, they can be arrested and brought before the court.

A Domestic Violence Protection Order lasts for up to 28 days and gives you time to explore your options and get further support.

The Domestic Violence Disclosure Scheme

Under the Domestic Violence Disclosure Scheme, you can find out about a partner's history of domestic abuse from the police. The police might give you information if they have it and they think it's necessary to protect you. The police can also warn you about an individual if they think you are at risk of domestic abuse.

The abuser could still have a history of domestic abuse, even if the police don't give you information about them. The police might not have given you information because either:

Taking legal action

If you need further help, you should get advice from an independent domestic abuse adviser or a solicitor who is experienced in family law. You might need help to:

A local advice agency, such as a law centre or Citizens Advice, should be able to help you find a local solicitor who is experienced in this area of the law. In England and Wales, you can also look on the Law Society website.

You may be able to get help with your legal costs - you can check if you qualify for legal aid.

Legal aid helps you with your legal costs including advice and help if you have to go to court.

More about help with legal costs.

You should make an appointment as soon as you feel ready, and could take someone with you for support the first time you go. The initial interview will probably last quite a long time, during which the adviser should discuss with you what courses of legal action are open to you.

If you have to go to court

Going to court can be stressful, but you can make things easier by finding out what will happen on the day. You should also think about how you can explain your side of the story.

Citizens Advice run a service to support people experiencing domestic abuse who are going to a family court. Find out more about the service and where we provide it.

Find out more about how to prepare to go to family court on the Advicenow website.

Getting help from a charity or organisation

There are lots of charities and organisations that help both men and women get help with abuse.

If you're from outside the UK

You might be able to apply to stay in the UK if your relationship has ended because of domestic abuse.

If you're the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

If you got pre-settled status from the EU Settlement Scheme as a family member, you can keep it if your relationship with your family member ended because of domestic abuse.

When you've been in the UK for 5 years, you can upgrade your pre-settled status to settled status. This means you can stay in the UK permanently.

If you haven't got pre-settled status yet, you can still apply if:

The deadline for applying to the EU Settlement Scheme was 30 June 2021, but the government says domestic abuse is a good reason to make a late application for pre-settled status.

If you have a partner visa

You and your children can apply to stay in the country permanently if your relationship with your partner has ended because of domestic abuse. You can't apply if you're on a fiancé(e) or proposed civil partner visa.

Your partner must have been:

a British or Irish citizen

someone settled - these means they have indefinite leave to remain or settled status from the EU Settlement Scheme

an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen with pre-settled status

someone who's been in the British Armed Forces for at least 4 years

If you've separated from your partner because of domestic abuse, you can apply for indefinite leave to remain on GOV.UK.

If your partner is British, Irish, settled or a member of the armed forces, you might be able to get your current visa extended for 3 months. It will also let you access benefits while you're applying for indefinite leave to remain. You can download the form to apply for a 3-month extension on GOV.UK.

If you can't apply for indefinite leave or to the EU Settlement Scheme

If you have a child under 18 who lives in the UK and has permission to stay, check if you can apply for a family visa on GOV.UK.

If you can't go back to your home country because you fear persecution and want to stay in the UK as a refugee, check if you can claim asylum on GOV.UK.

If you recently arrived in the UK

You can find information about your rights if you've experienced domestic abuse on the Housing Rights Information website.

Economic abuse

Economic abuse happens where a perpetrator uses financial means to control you and may include any of the following:

stopping you from working

controlling your household finances including wages, benefits and bank accounts

forcing you to hand over wages and money

persuading or forcing you to take out loans and credit in your name

stopping you from using things like transport or the phone

If you have been pressurised or bullied to take out loans or credit in your name, the debt may be unenforceable - you should get advice from your nearest Citizens Advice.

The domestic abuse charity Refuge has produced a financial guide for women experiencing domestic abuse at www.refuge.org.uk.

Your local Citizens Advice can give you advice about debt problems. To search for details of your nearest Citizens Advice, including those that can give advice by e-mail, click on nearest Citizens Advice

Honour-based abuse

Honour-based abuse is defined as an incident or crime which has or may have been committed to protect or defend the honour of the family and or community. Honour-based abuse happens where a person is punished by their family or community for doing things that are not in keeping with the traditional beliefs of their culture. For example, you may be a victim of honour-based abuse because you:

resist an arranged marriage

resist a forced marriage

have a partner from a different culture or religion

live a westernised lifestyle

want a divorce.

Honour-based abuse may include domestic abuse, sexual or psychological abuse, assault, forced marriage or sending someone back to their country of origin.

The Honour Network Helpline is a specialist organisation which advises victims and survivors of forced marriage and honour-based abuse. You can contact the Honour Network Helpline on their website.

You can find out how to get help on the Karma Nirvana website.

More about organisations which give information and advice on domestic abuse and other types of abuse.

Forced marriage

A forced marriage is where you are pressurised into it against your will. You may be emotionally blackmailed or physically threatened usually by your family. It is not the same as an arranged marriage where both parties agree to get married.

In England and Wales, forced marriage is a criminal offence. If someone forces you into marriage, they could go to prison for up to seven years.
More about forced marriage
Female genital mutilation

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is when part or all of a girl or young woman's genitals are removed or injured for non-medical reasons. It's sometimes called 'female genital cutting' or 'female circumcision'. Some communities use local names for referring to FGM, for example 'sunna'. FGM is a criminal offence.

Find out more about FGM.

Harassment and stalking

Harassment happens when you receive unwanted behaviour from another person which alarms or distresses you. Examples of harassment include malicious phone calls, threatening texts, threatening and insulting language and damage to property.

Stalking is a form of harassment and may include behaviour such as following, contacting or attempting to contact you, monitoring your email and internet, watching and spying on you and other similar behaviour.

It is a criminal and civil offence for another person to harass or stalk you. You can report the matter to the police. Many police forces have a specialist police officer who deals with harassment or stalking.

You may also be able to get an injunction in the civil courts to stop the harassment or stalking taking place and claim damages. If an harasser breaches an injunction, it is a criminal offence.

You can get further information and guidance on how to deal with harassment and stalking from the National Stalking Helpline. Go to www.stalkinghelpline.org.

Further help

There are many organisations that can give you confidential advice and support.
More about organisations which can help you if you're a victim of abuse
Page last reviewed on 25 February 2021

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Domestic abuse is behaviour from a family member, partner or ex-partner. It can include: physical or sexual abuse violent or threatening behaviour psychological or emotional abuse coercive behaviour - for example, humiliation or intimidation controlling behaviour - for example, making someone feel less important or dependent on the abuser 'economic abuse' - this includes controlling someone's possessions or how they earn or spend money Domestic abuse can happen to men or women.

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Refuge - women & children's helpline for domestic abuse.

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Refuge - women & children's helpline for domestic abuse.

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Any child can be sexually abused, but it's vital to realise that both boys and girls can be molested. Children with disabilities, as well as children who are experiencing neglect or other forms of abuse, are more vulnerable to sexual abuse. They may not be able to understand what is happening to them is abuse, or they may not be able to tell someone. Most sexually abused children were victimised by someone they knew, such as a family member, a friend or family acquaintance, a teacher, or a sports coach. Someone they know can also sexually assault children online. The sexual assault could be one-time or the perpetrator could develop a relationship with the child.

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Types of Neglect include  1.physical Neglect like failure to provide necessary food, clothing and shelter. 2. Medical Neglect like the failure to provide necessary medical or mental health treatment. 3.Educational Neglect

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Types of Neglect include  1.physical Neglect like failure to provide necessary food, clothing and shelter. 2. Medical Neglect like the failure to provide necessary medical or mental health treatment. 3.Educational Neglect

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Signs of neglect in children are uncleanliness and poor hygiene, smelling or filthy being hungry or not being fed. issues of health and growth like anaemia. concerns of home and family living in an inappropriate home with no heating. a behaviour shift https://www.nspcc.org.uk/what-is-child-abuse/types-of-abuse/neglect/

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Signs of neglect in children are uncleanliness and poor hygiene, smelling or filthy being hungry or not being fed. issues of health and growth like anaemia. concerns of home and family living in an inappropriate home with no heating. a behaviour shift https://www.nspcc.org.uk/what-is-child-abuse/types-of-abuse/neglect/

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Neglect can be hard to spot. We've got advice on the types and signs of neglect and what you can do if you're worried about a child.

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refuge - women & children's helpline for domestic abuse. (rehousing, help with food & clothing)

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Organisational abuse is where poor working practices in care homes or hospitals cause mistreatment by repeated poor or inadequate care, which violates a person's dignity and human rights.

Types

-Discouraging visits or the involvement of relatives or friends
-Run-down or overcrowded establishment
-Lack of leadership and supervision-
-Insufficient staff or high turnover resulting in poor quality care
-Abusive and disrespectful attitudes towards people using the service
-Inappropriate use of restraints
-Lack of respect for dignity and privacy
-Not providing adequate food and drink, or assistance with eating
-Not offering choice or promoting independence
-Misuse of medication
-Refuse client from having family contact

Possible signs

-Lack of flexibility and choice for people using the service
-Inadequate staffing levels
-People being hungry or dehydrated
-Poor standards of care
-Lack of personal clothing and possessions and communal use of personal items
-Lack of adequate procedures
-Poor record-keeping and missing documents
-Absence of visitors

Report
-To the manager
-CQC
-Safeguard adult board